Abstract:
:Endotoxin was measured in air and dust samples collected during four commercial aircraft flights. Samples were analyzed for endotoxin biological activity using the Limulus assay. 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FA) of carbon chain lengths C10:0-C18:0 were determined in dust by gas chromatography-ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. The geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) endotoxin air level was 1.5 EU/m3 (1.9, n = 28); however, significant differences were found by flight within aircraft type. Mean endotoxin levels were significantly higher in carpet dust than in seat dust (140 +/- 81 vs. 51 +/- 25 EU/mg dust, n = 32 each, P < 0.001). Airborne endotoxin levels were not significantly related to either carpet or seat dust endotoxin levels. Mean 3-OH FA levels were significantly higher in carpet dust than in seat dust for C10:2, C12:0, and C14:0 (P < 0.001 for each), while the mean level of C16:0 was significantly higher in seat dust than in carpet dust (P < 0.01). Carpet dust endotoxin was significantly, but moderately, correlated with 3-OH-C12:0 and 3-OH-C14:0 (Pearson r = 0.52 and 0.48, respectively), while correlation of seat dust endotoxin with individual 3-OH FAs depended on the test statistic used. Mean endotoxin potency was significantly higher for carpet dust than for seat dust (6.3 +/- 3.0 vs. 3.0 +/- 1.4 EU/pmol LPS, P < 0.0001). Mean endotoxin levels in the air and dust of commercial aircraft cabins were generally higher than mean levels reported in homes and office buildings. These results suggest that exposure route and dust source are important considerations when relating endotoxin exposure to specific health outcomes.
journal_name
Indoor Airjournal_title
Indoor airauthors
Hines CJ,Waters MA,Larsson L,Petersen MR,Saraf A,Milton DKdoi
10.1034/j.1600-0668.2003.00175.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-06-01 00:00:00pages
166-73issue
2eissn
0905-6947issn
1600-0668pii
175journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
INDOOR AIR文献大全abstract::Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as flame retardants in furniture foam, electronics, and other home furnishings. A field study was conducted that enrolled 139 households from California, which has had more stringent flame retardant requirements than other countries and areas. The study collected passive...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12130
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the moisture levels, relative humidity (RH) or moisture content (MC) of materials, and concentrations of culturable fungi, actinomycetes and total spores as well as a composition of fungal flora in 122 building material samples collected from 18 moisture problem buildings. The purpose of this work was to...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2000.010002111.x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Portable air cleaners are increasingly used in polluted areas in an attempt to reduce human exposure; however, there has been limited work characterizing their effectiveness at reducing exposure. With this in mind, we recruited forty-three children with asthma from suburban Shanghai and deployed air cleaners (with HEP...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12716
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Electronic cigarette consumption ('vaping') is marketed as an alternative to conventional tobacco smoking. Technically, a mixture of chemicals containing carrier liquids, flavors, and optionally nicotine is vaporized and inhaled. The present study aims at the determination of the release of volatile organic ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2012.00792.x
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thermal stratification is established when warmer air rises and cooler air descends under thermal buoyancy. It occurs in indoor environment situations including large warehouse-type buildings, buoyancy-driven ventilated spaces with displacement, underfloor ventilation, and/or natural ventilation, and enclosure fires w...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12520
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Fumes produced during frying have been implicated as a potential cause for the increased incidence of adenocarcinoma. Particulate matter exposure has also been linked with other pulmonary and coronary disease. This study investigated the contribution of frying in residential settings to ultrafine and fine pa...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2008.00551.x
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to identify determinants of aldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) indoor air concentrations in a sample of more than 140 office rooms, in the framework of the European OFFICAIR research project. A large field campaign was performed, which included (a) the air sampling of aldehydes and ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12609
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:In Japan, organophosphate and polybrominated flame retardants are used in building materials and electric appliances to protect them from fire hazards. In this study, to identify the emission sources of these flame retardants to indoor air, the migration rates (flux) of organophosphate and polybrominated fla...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2006.00442.x
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Field measurements were collected through physical measurements and observations in the cities of Seoul, Korea; Eugene and Portland, Oregon; and Yokohama, Japan, during the fall, winter, and summer seasons from 2005 to 2006. A total of 1733 data sets were collected (Seoul - 713; Oregon - 807; Yokohama - 213) in variet...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00705.x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dampness affects a substantial percentage of homes and is associated with increased risk of respiratory ailments; yet, the effects of dampness on indoor chemistry are largely unknown. We hypothesize that the presence of water-soluble gases and their aqueous processing alters the chemical composition of indoor air and ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12422
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Personal exposure to total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), benzene and toluene of 100 Milan office workers was assessed through personal air monitoring at home, in the office, and during commuting. Biological monitoring was performed by measuring blood benzene and toluene concentrations together with urinary trans...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2000.010004258.x
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Indoor exposures to allergens, mold spores, and endotoxin have been suggested as etiological agents of asthma; therefore, accurate determination of those exposures, especially in young children (6-36 months), is important for understanding the development of asthma. Because use of personal sampling equipment...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00749.x
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a basis for determining the lower limit of acceptable humidity in an indoor environment, experiments were conducted for 25 subjects to assess the maximum expected sensations of dryness, discomfort based on humidity, and intolerance based on humidity, under conditions of 26°C and 10% RH. As results, distinct negativ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12717
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:A comparison study of novel collection methods for airborne bacteria and endotoxin was performed in an environmentally controlled chamber and in pilot-field studies. Airborne particulate matter was collected in swirling liquid impingers, air-monitoring filter cassettes, and with a micro-orifice uniform depos...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2005.00419.x
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrafine particles are observed when metal surfaces, such as heating elements in electric appliances, or even empty cooking pans, are heated. The source of the particles has not been identified. We present evidence that particles >10 nm are not emitted directly from the heating elements or the metal surfaces. Using r...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12163
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are an important contributor to adverse health effects associated with ambient air pollution. Despite infiltration of ROS from outdoors, and possible indoor sources (eg, combustion), there are limited data available on indoor ROS. In this study, part of the second phase of Air Composition...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12789
更新日期:2021-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Personalized ventilation (PV) system in conjunction with total ventilation system can provide cleaner inhaled air for the user. Concerns still exist about whether the normally protecting PV device, on the other hand, facilitates the dispersion of infectious agents generated by its user. In this article, two types of P...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12005
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nationwide cross-sectional study of 3335 employees was conducted in 320 offices in Japan to estimate the prevalence of building-related symptoms (BRSs) and determine the risk factors related to work environment, Indoor Air Quality, and occupational stress. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12158
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Airborne ultrafine particles (UFP) have been related to adverse health effects, but exposure in vulnerable population groups such as children is still not well understood. We aim to review the scientific literature regarding personal exposure to UFP in different microenvironments in populations until 18 years of age. ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12620
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration in combination with an electrostatic precipitator (ESP) can be a cost-effective approach to reducing indoor particulate exposure, but ESPs produce ozone. The health effect of combined ESP-HEPA filtration has not been examined. We conducted an intervention study in 89 v...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12447
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Air movement--good or bad? The question can only be answered by those who are exposed when they are exposed. Human perception of air movement depends on environmental factors including air velocity, air velocity fluctuations, air temperature, and personal factors such as overall thermal sensation and activit...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2004.00271.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:A field survey of occupants' response to the indoor environment in 10 office buildings with displacement ventilation was performed. The response of 227 occupants was analyzed. About 24% of the occupants in the survey complained that they were daily bothered by draught, mainly at the lower leg. Vertical air t...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2005.00337.x
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was carried out using various materials (carpet, gypsum board, upholstery, vinyl and wood flooring, acoustic tiles, and fruit) that were exposed to eight gaseous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (isopropanol, MTBE, cyclohexane, toluene, ethylbenzene, tetrachloroethene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2,4-trichl...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2001.110406.x
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate indoor environmental quality in classrooms, assessments were undertaken in a 'low allergen' school and three standard primary schools in Western Australia. Dust allergens, air pollutants and physical parameters were monitored in the four schools at four times (summer school term, autumn holiday, winter ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2005.00405.x
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The effects of the human convective boundary layer (CBL), room airflow patterns, and their velocities on personal exposure are examined. Two pollutants are studied which simulate particles released from the feet and generated at distances of 2 and 3 m by a human cough. A thermal manikin whose body shape, siz...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12177
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is inappropriate to use the assumption of instantaneously well-mixed zones to model airflows and pollutant transport in large indoor spaces. We investigate two approaches for describing the details of airflows in large indoor spaces, for accuracy and suitability for integration with multi-zone infiltration models. ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1034/j.1600-0668.2003.00160.x
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A significant number of consumer goods and building materials can act as emission sources of flame retardants (FRs) in the indoor environment. We investigate the relationship between the emission source strength and the levels of 19 brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and seven organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) ...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12332
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:This paper reports the abundance in indoor air and dust of eleven organophosphate esters and six phthalate esters. Both groups of these semi-volatile compounds are widely incorporated as additives into plastic materials used in the indoor environment, thus contributing to indoor exposure to industrial chemic...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00684.x
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were (i) to assess the determinants that affect concentrations of the bacterial cell wall components 3-hydroxy fatty acids (3-OH FAs) and muramic acid and of total viable bacteria and actinomycetes in house dust; and (ii) to examine the seasonal variation and reproducibility of these bacte...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12141
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cross-sectional studies have shown that exposure to indoor moisture damage and mold may be associated with subclinical inflammation. Our aim was to determine whether early age exposure to moisture damage or mold is prospectively associated with subclinical systemic inflammation or with immune responsiveness in later c...
journal_title:Indoor air
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ina.12454
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00