Specific inhibition of HIV-1 coreceptor activity by synthetic peptides corresponding to the predicted extracellular loops of CCR5.

Abstract:

:We used synthetic peptides to the extracellular loops (ECLs) of CCR5 to examine inhibitory effects on HIV infection/fusion with primary leukocytes and cells expressing recombinant CCR5. We show for the first time that peptides derived from the first, second, or third ECL caused dose-dependent inhibition of fusion and infection, although with varying potencies and specificities for envelope glycoproteins (Envs) from different strains. The first and third ECL peptides inhibited Envs from the R5 Ba-L strain and the R5X4 89.6 strain, whereas the second ECL peptide inhibited Ba-L but not 89.6 Env. None of the peptides affected fusion mediated by Env from the X4 LAV strain. Fusion mediated by Envs from several primary HIV-1 isolates was also inhibited by the peptides. These findings suggest that various HIV-1 strains use CCR5 domains in different ways. Experiments involving peptide pretreatment and washing, modulation of the expression levels of Env and CCR5, analysis of CCR5 peptide effects against different coreceptors, and inhibition of radiolabeled glycoprotein (gp) 120 binding to CCR5 suggested that the peptide-blocking activities reflect their interactions with gp120. The CCR5-derived ECL peptides thus provide a useful approach to analyze structure-function relationships involved in HIV-1 Env-coreceptor interactions and may have implications for the design of drugs that inhibit HIV infection.

journal_name

Blood

journal_title

Blood

authors

Agrawal L,VanHorn-Ali Z,Berger EA,Alkhatib G

doi

10.1182/blood-2003-08-2669

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2004-02-15 00:00:00

pages

1211-7

issue

4

eissn

0006-4971

issn

1528-0020

pii

2003-08-2669

journal_volume

103

pub_type

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