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Exposure of R169 controls protein C activation and autoactivation.

Abstract：

:Protein C is activated by thrombin with a value of k(cat)/K(m) = 0.11mM(-1)s(-1) that increases 1700-fold in the presence of the cofactor thrombomodulin. The molecular origin of this effect triggering an important feedback loop in the coagulation cascade remains elusive. Acidic residues in the activation domain of protein C are thought to electrostatically clash with the active site of thrombin. However, functional and structural data reported here support an alternative scenario. The thrombin precursor prethrombin-2 has R15 at the site of activation in ionic interaction with E14e, D14l, and E18, instead of being exposed to solvent for proteolytic attack. Residues E160, D167, and D172 around the site of activation at R169 of protein C occupy the same positions as E14e, D14l, and E18 in prethrombin-2. Caging of R169 by E160, D167, and D172 is responsible for much of the poor activity of thrombin toward protein C. The E160A/D167A/D172A mutant is activated by thrombin 63-fold faster than wild-type in the absence of thrombomodulin and, over a slower time scale, spontaneously converts to activated protein C. These findings establish a new paradigm for cofactor-assisted reactions in the coagulation cascade.

journal_name

Blood

journal_title

Blood

authors

Pozzi N,Barranco-Medina S,Chen Z,Di Cera E

doi

10.1182/blood-2012-03-415323

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-07-19 00:00:00

pages

664-70

issue

3

eissn

0006-4971

issn

1528-0020

pii

blood-2012-03-415323

journal_volume

120

pub_type

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