Abstract：
:It is now well accepted that inflammatory responses in brain contribute to the genesis and evolution of damage in neurological diseases, trauma, and infection. Inflammatory mediators including cytokines, cell adhesion molecules, and reactive oxygen species including NO are detected in human brain and its animal models, and interventions that reduce levels or expression of these agents provide therapeutic benefit in many cases. Although in some cases, the causes of central inflammatory responses are clear--for example those due to viral infection in AIDS dementia, or those due to the secretion of proinflammatory substances by activated lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis--in other conditions the factors that allow the initiation of brain inflammation are not well understood; nor is it well known why brain inflammatory activation is not as well restricted as it is in the periphery. The concept is emerging that perturbation of endogenous regulatory mechanisms could be an important factor for initiation, maintenance, and lack of resolution of brain inflammation. Conversely, activation of intrinsic regulatory neuronal pathways could provide protection in neuroinflammatory conditions. This concept is the extension of the principle of "central neurogenic neuroprotection" formulated by Donald Reis and colleagues, which contends the existence of neuronal circuits that protect the brain against the damage initiated by excitotoxic injury. In this paper we will review work initiated in the Reis laboratory establishing that activation of endogenous neural circuits can exert anti-inflammatory actions in brain, present data suggesting that these effects could be mediated by noradrenaline, and summarize recent studies suggesting that loss of noradrenergic locus ceruleus neurons contributes to inflammatory activation in Alzheimer's disease.
journal_name
Cell Mol Neurobioljournal_title
Cellular and molecular neurobiologyauthors
Galea E,Heneka MT,Dello Russo C,Feinstein DLdoi
10.1023/a:1025084415833subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-10-01 00:00:00pages
625-35issue
4-5eissn
0272-4340issn
1573-6830journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:MEG8 is involved in ischemia stroke, however, its role in ischemia stroke remains unknown. The current research aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of MEG8 in ischemic stroke. Mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were treated by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Then, the expressions of MEG8...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-020-00904-4
更新日期：2020-07-05 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Golgi-Kopsch preparations of the oral ventral nuclei of human thalamus were analyzed in an attempt to classify the neuronal types. 2. Three types of neurons are described for the first time in humans. Type I neurons are large or medium in size and bear dendrites with protrusions, spines, and short hair-like appenda...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00712927
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Growth cones of cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons from mice were irradiated using a mercury lamp. 2. The flux of particles of fast retrograde axoplasmic transport decreased promptly after light irradiation without a change in velocity. 3. That of anterograde transport decreased as well, but with a significant l...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02089941
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mental retardation, which occurs in phenylketonuric patients, is associated with increased levels of phenylalanine, increased oxidative stress, and an imbalance of amino acids in the brain. Recent studies have shown that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathogenesis of phenylketonuria. In this work, we aimed to co...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-017-0573-2
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. The analogies between the processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and other transmembrane sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) inspired us to conduct further studies on whether beta-amyloid (Abeta) affects aromatase by interacting with APP and SREBP. 2. In this study, cultured human neuroblasto...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-006-9060-x
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Aminoalkylindoles, typified by WIN 55212-2, bind to G protein-coupled cannabinoid receptors in brain. Although cannabinoids inhibit adenylyl cyclase in NG108-15 neuroblastoma x glioma hybrid cells, cannabinoid receptor binding in these cells has not been described previously. This study compares pharmacological cha...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1026306804802
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Several weeks after administration of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) to Aplysia, a dark pigmentation appears in serotonin-containing neurons, and this pigmentation allows visual identification of serotonergic neurons but does not appear to alter their physiology. 2. We have determined the distribution of labeled...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00734932
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromogranin A (CgA) is a soluble glycoprotein stored along with hormones and neuropeptides in secretory granules of endocrine cells. In the last four decades, intense efforts have been concentrated to characterize the structure and the biological function of CgA. Besides, CgA has been widely used as a diagnostic mark...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10571-010-9595-8
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Calcium binding properties were examined in VAT-1, an abundant 41-kDa membrane protein expressed in the cholinergic cynaptic vesicles of Torpedo. 2. An overlay assay, using 45Ca2+ as a tracer, demonstrated the ability of a recombinant VAT-1 produced from the IPTG-inducible pKK223-3 expression vector to bind calcium...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00711457
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The myelin-associated inhibitor/Nogo-66 receptor 1 (NgR1) pathway directly functions in negative modulation of structural and electrophysiological synaptic plasticity. A previous study has established an important role of NgR1 pathway signaling in cognitive function, and we have demonstrated that multiple components o...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-013-9929-4
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a promising tool for cell-based therapies of nervous system diseases. Bone marrow (BM) has been the traditional source of MSCs (BM-MSCs). However, there are some limitations for their clinical use, such as the decline in cell number and differentiation potential with ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-013-9922-y
更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Whole-cell patch clamp experiments were performed on rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to investigate the actions of various combinations of Pb2+, Zn2+, and Al3+ on voltage-activated calcium channel currents (VACCCs). 2. Each of these metals has been shown to reduce VACCCs. 3. We investigated the effects of si...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02088688
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell cycle re-entry, in which Fra-1 (transcription factor FOS-related antigen 1) plays an important role, is a key process in neuronal apoptosis. However, the expression and function of Fra-1 in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis are unknown. To investigate whether Fra-1 was involved in RGC apoptosis, we performed ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-016-0346-3
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibitory mechanism of cerebellum epileptic activity can be involved depending on the intensity and frequency of seizure convulsions. N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play key roles in excitatory synaptic transmission and have been implicated in neurological disorders: in cerebellum, they have specific charact...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-010-9546-4
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dideoxycytidine (zalcitabine, ddC) produces neurotoxic effects. It is particularly important to understand the toxic effects of ddC on different subpopulations of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons which express distinct tyrosine kinase receptor (Trk) and to find therapeutic factors for prevention and therapy for ddC-...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-013-0001-1
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although Butylphthalide (BP) has protective effects that reduce ischemia-induced brain damage and neuronal cell death, little is known about the precise mechanisms occurring during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective mechanisms of BP against isch...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-015-0302-7
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Five drugs with the predominant pharmacologic effect of inhibiting the neuronal reuptake of serotonin are available worldwide for clinical use. This class of psychoactive drugs, known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), is comprised of fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, and citalopram....
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1023/a:1006934807375
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Saturable sodium-independent taurine binding to mouse and rat brain synaptic membranes was exposed after two freezing-thawing cycles combined with Triton X-100 treatments. The amount of saturable taurine binding was fairly low but was enhanced after depletion of brain taurine. Saturable taurine binding was displaceabl...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00735281
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this review was to give a general aspect of the sensorial function of the striatum related to pain modulation, which was intensively studied in our laboratory. We analyse the effect of electrical and chemical stimulation of the striatum on the orofacial pain, especially that produced by tooth pulp stimulati...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10571-011-9737-7
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of head-injured patients reveals that the concentration of intraventricular xanthine is elevated and that of uridine is decreased relative to those of adult lumbar CSF. 2. No correlations were observed between CSF lactate and CSF hypoxanthine, xanthine, or uridine, sugge...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00711249
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both sex and steroid hormones are important to consider in human ischemic stroke and its experimental models. Stroke initiates a cascade of changes that lead to neural cell death, but also activates endogenous protective processes that counter the deleterious consequences of ischemia. Steroids may be part of these cer...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10571-018-0627-0
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrachain disulfide bond formation among the cysteine thiols of SNAP-25, a component of the SNARE protein complex required for neurotransmitter release, has been hypothesized to link oxidative stress and inhibition of synaptic transmission. However, neither the availability in vivo of SNAP-25 thiols, which are known ...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-011-9748-4
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the calcium channel blocker D-600 on the cation channels activated by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in voltage-clamped Aplysia neurons by voltage-jump relaxation analysis. D-600 blocked the steady-state ACh current in a highly voltage-dependent manner, the degree of antagonism increasing with membrane...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00734714
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetylcholine (ACh) responses were elicited by ionophoresis from neurons, located in the medial pontine reticular formation, which were antidromically identified as having axons projecting in the reticulospinal tracts. Most neurons were silent at rest and could be caused to discharge at a regular, slow rate by a const...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00716274
更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thyroid hormone (T(3)) plays an essential role in the central nervous system development. Astrocytes mediate many of the T(3) effects in the growth and differentiation of cerebellum. In culture, T(3) induces cerebellar astrocytes to secrete growth factors, mainly FGF(2), and alters the expression and organization of t...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-008-9260-7
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reactive microglia clustering around amyloid plaques in brain is a histopathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and reflects the contribution of neuroinflammation in AD pathogenesis. β-Amyloid peptide (Aβ) has been shown to induce a range of microglial responses including chemotaxis, cytotoxicity and inflamma...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-019-00668-6
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1. We investigated the association of c-Jun with apoptosis within retinal tissue. Explants of the retina of neonatal rats were subject to a variety of procedures that cause apoptosis of specific classes of retinal cells at distinct stages of differentiation. The expression of c-Jun was detected by Western Blot, and im...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1021857007976
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Shen-Zhi-Ling (SZL) is a Chinese medicine formulated from a Kai-Xin-San decoction that is commonly used to treat depression caused by dual deficiencies in the heart and spleen. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated biological changes in depression patients (DPs) exhibiting antidepressant r...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s10571-018-0582-9
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute injury of central nervous system (CNS) starts a cascade of morphological, molecular, and functional changes including formation of a fibrotic scar, expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), and expression of extracellular matrix proteins leading to arrested neurite outgrowth and failed regenerati...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-016-0416-6
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To clarify the role of angiotensin II (Ang II) in the regulation of sensory signaling, we studied the effect of subpressor dose (150 ng/kg/min) of Ang II on pain-related behavior in relation with neuronal injury and activation of satellite glial cells (SGCs) in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) after chronic constriction...
journal_title：Cellular and molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10571-013-9934-7
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
