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Characterization of ciprofloxacin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Canada.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Ciprofloxacin (500 mg orally, single dose) is one of the recommended therapies for gonorrhea in Canada. In Canada, the first ciprofloxacin-resistant (CipR) Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain was isolated in 1993. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of N gonorrhoeae isolates were monitored as part of a national surveillance program to ensure efficacy of antimicrobial therapies. GOAL:The goal was to determine the characteristics of ciprofloxacin resistance in Canadian gonococcal isolates. STUDY DESIGN:Susceptibility testing was performed on gonococcal strains from different provinces in Canada to determine the prevalence of CipR strains and their distribution. The CipR strains were further differentiated according to auxotype (A), serotype (S), plasmid profile (P), and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profile. DNA sequencing and DNA microarray technology were used to determine mutations in gyrA and parC. RESULTS:In Canada, between 1997 and 1999, 4.8% of resistant strains (130 of 2687 antibiotic-resistant N gonorrhoeae isolates) were CipR (MICs of 1-32 microg/l) and belonged to 48 A/S/P classes. Sixty-eight of the strains that were not differentiated by A/S/P were subtyped into 47 classes with PFGE. DNA sequencing and DNA microarray showed that the most common mutations had amino acid substitutions of Ser-->Phe at codon 91 and Asp-->Gly at codon 95 of the gyrA and Ser-->Arg at codon 87 of parC. CONCLUSION:The CipR strains isolated in Canada are phenotypically and genotypically diverse, indicating that they were imported from overseas and not endemic in Canada. Mutations in gyrA and parC previously only identified by DNA sequencing were successfully identified with DNA microarray technology. DNA microarray technology could be an alternative tool for identifying point mutations in resistance genes or other epidemiologic markers when clinical laboratories replace culture methods with rapid and automated molecular methods for diagnosis.

journal_name

Sex Transm Dis

journal_title

Sexually transmitted diseases

authors

Ng LK,Sawatzky P,Martin IE,Booth S

doi

10.1097/00007435-200212000-00008

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2002-12-01 00:00:00

pages

780-8

issue

eissn

0148-5717

issn

1537-4521

pii

00007435-200212000-00008

journal_volume

pub_type

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Characterization of ciprofloxacin resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Canada.