Abstract:
:The focal pattern of atherosclerotic lesions in arterial vessels suggests that local blood flow patterns are important factors in atherosclerosis. Although disturbed flows in the branches and curved regions are proatherogenic, laminar flows in the straight parts are atheroprotective. Results from in vitro studies on cultured vascular endothelial cells with the use of flow channels suggest that integrins and the associated RhoA small GTPase play important roles in the mechanotransduction mechanism by which shear stress is converted to cascades of molecular signaling to modulate gene expression. By interacting dynamically with extracellular matrix proteins, the mechanosensitive integrins activate RhoA and many signaling molecules in the focal adhesions and cytoplasm. Through such mechanotransduction mechanisms, laminar shear stress upregulates genes involved in antiapoptosis, cell cycle arrest, morphological remodeling, and NO production, thus contributing to the atheroprotective effects. This review summarizes some of the recent findings relevant to these mechanotransduction mechanisms. These studies show that integrins play an important role in mechanosensing in addition to their involvement in cell attachment and migration.
journal_name
Circ Resjournal_title
Circulation researchauthors
Shyy JY,Chien Sdoi
10.1161/01.res.0000038487.19924.18subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-11-01 00:00:00pages
769-75issue
9eissn
0009-7330issn
1524-4571journal_volume
91pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Changes in the behavior of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in rat ventricular myocytes were investigated under conditions of metabolic inhibition using laser-scanning confocal microscopy to measure intracellular Ca(2+) and the perforated patch-clamp technique to measure SR Ca(2+) content. Metabolic inhibition had seve...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.88.2.181
更新日期:2001-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic inflammation in white adipose tissue (WAT) is positively associated with obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and the development of type 2 diabetes. The proinflammatory cytokine MIF (macrophage migration inhibitory factor) is an essential, upstream component of the inflammatory cascade. This study examines whethe...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.199166
更新日期:2009-07-02 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Thioredoxin (Trx)1 inhibits pathological cardiac hypertrophy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that downregulate posttranscriptional expression of target molecules. OBJECTIVES:We investigated the role of miRNAs in mediating the antihypertrophic effect of Trx1 on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced car...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.228437
更新日期:2011-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::T-wave alternans (TWA), an ABAB oscillation, has been postulated as the initial pattern in a stepwise progression to higher-order oscillations, culminating in sudden arrhythmic death. The present study is the first to provide experimental evidence to support this intriguing concept. Epicardial and endocardial ECGs fro...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.0000038887.17976.33
更新日期:2002-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation determines vascular contractile status. In addition to the classic Ca²⁺-dependent MLC kinase (MLCK), another unidentified kinase(s) also contributes to MLC phosphorylation in living cells. Inhibitor κB kinase 2 (IKK2)-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts demonstrate a...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301510
更新日期:2013-08-16 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Nav1.5 (SCN5A) is the primary cardiac voltage-gated Nav channel. Nav1.5 is critical for cardiac excitability and conduction, and human SCN5A mutations cause sinus node dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, conductional abnormalities, and ventricular arrhythmias. Further, defects in Nav1.5 regulation are linked wi...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.305154
更新日期:2014-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the dynamic control of cardiac ATP synthesis, we simultaneously determined the time course of mitochondrial oxygen consumption with the time course of changes in high-energy phosphates following steps in cardiac energy demand. Isolated isovolumically contracting rabbit hearts were perfused with Tyrode's...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.75.4.751
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dystrophin-glycoprotein complex is a large complex of membrane-associated proteins linking the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix in muscle. Transmembrane heterodimeric (alphabeta) integrins serve also as cellular adhesion molecules and mechanotransducers. In the animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy,...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.108.173153
更新日期:2008-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::To study the effects of stretch on the function of rat left atrium, we recorded contraction force, calcium transients, and intracellular action potentials (APs) during stretch manipulations. The stretch of the atrium was controlled by intra-atrial pressure. The Frank-Starling behavior of the atrium was manifested as a...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.83.11.1165
更新日期:1998-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of acute hypoxemia and hypercapnic acidosis were examined in five unanesthetized dogs in which sodium intake was controlled at 80 mEq/24 hours for 4 days prior to study. Each animal was studied during combined acute hypoxemia and hypercapnic acidosis (Pao2 = 36 +/- 1 mm Hg, Paco2 = 52 +/- 1 mm Hg, pH = 7.1...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.53.2.202
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increase in plasma renin activity was demonstrated in plasma from normal subjects and most patients with essential hypertension after prolonged storage of the plasma at -20 degrees C. No change in renin substrate concentration was observed after storage for 12 months, and the rate of angiotensin generation during i...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.36.6.10
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate if myogenic responses of isolated coronary arterioles were dependent on an intact, functional endothelium. Arterioles were located in situ by intracoronary perfusion with india ink-gelatin solution and then dissected and cannulated at both ends with glass micropipettes. Int...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.66.3.860
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blockade of angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptors induces smooth muscle cell (SMC) death and regression of aortic hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). We postulated that SMC death and vascular remodeling in this model may be attenuated by z-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-CH2F (z-VAD-fmk), a tripeptide inhibitor of cas...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000065619.36118.20
更新日期:2003-04-18 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Innate and adaptive immune responses alter numerous homeostatic processes that are controlled by nuclear hormone receptors. NR4A1 is a nuclear receptor that is induced in vascular pathologies, where it mediates protection. OBJECTIVE:The underlying mechanisms that regulate the activity of NR4A1 during vascula...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.258814
更新日期:2012-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the contribution of intramural electrical events in initiation and maintenance of ventricular tachycardia in 15 dogs 3-8 days after either permanent (n = 2) or transient (n = 13) coronary artery occlusion. Seven of the dogs (47%) demonstrated eight distinct monomorphic ventricular tachycardia patterns whi...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.56.5.736
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured quail myocytes were much more resistant to H2O2 toxicity than cultured mouse myocytes. The intracellular concentration of glutathione ([GSH]i) and the activity of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS) in quail heart cells were about five and three times higher, respectively, than in mouse heart cells,...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.74.5.806
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence suggests that functional diversity of vascular smooth muscle is produced in part by a differential expression of ion channels. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (K(Ca) channels) in the expression of smooth muscle cell functional phenotype. We found t...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.85.9.e33
更新日期:1999-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:The epicardium contributes to the majority of nonmyocardial cells in the adult heart. Recent studies have reported that the epicardium is derived from Nkx2.5-positive progenitors and can differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Not much is known about the relation between the myocardial and epicardial lineage durin...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.203083
更新日期:2009-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::The migration of medial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) into the intima is proposed to be an important process of intimal thickening in atherosclerotic lesions. The present study examined the possible effect of a novel endothelium-derived relaxing peptide, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP), on oxidized low-density lipoprote...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.81.4.585
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increases in free Mg2+ from 0.04 to 10.0 mM with constant pH 7.0 TO 0.10 M ionic strength, and 2 mM MgATP2- caused a rightward shift of the free Ca-relative ATPase relation for both cardiac skeletal myofibrils. The specific activity of cardiac myofibrillar ATPase over a wide range of free Ca2+ was, however, depressed ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.39.1.8
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular endothelial cells are constantly exposed to mechanical forces resulting from blood flow and transmural pressure. The goal of this study was to determine whether mechanical stimulation alters the properties of endothelial voltage-gated K+ channels. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) were isolated ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.84.4.451
更新日期:1999-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is upregulated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) in ischemic tissues and growing tumors. Normally, HIF-1 activity depends on the amount of HIF-1alpha subunit, which is tightly regulated by the oxygen tension. In the myocardium, VEGF expression has been shown to ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/hh0202.104923
更新日期:2002-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::It has been reported that immunization against tonin normalizes blood pressure, and that sialoadenectomy, during which the tonin-rich salivary glands are removed, decreases blood pressure in one-kidney, one-clip hypertension. To investigate the role of tonin on this form of hypertension further, we actively immunized ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.55.5.580
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the essential role played by gap junctions in the coordination of cardiac muscle contraction, it is plausible that down-regulation of gap junctional conduction is in part responsible for the contractile dysfunction observed in hypertrophied and failing hearts. In the present study, we analyzed the expression and...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.85.8.672
更新日期:1999-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the nature of the serotonin-induced coronary chemoreflex in the conscious monkey. Ten chronically prepared and four acute monkeys were used in this study. Five chronically prepared animals had catheters in the left atrium, ascending aorta, descending aorta, and, bilaterally...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.52.3.312
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:During the transition from compensated hypertrophy to heart failure, the signaling between L-type Ca(2+) channels in the cell membrane/T-tubules and ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum becomes defective, partially because of the decreased expression of a T-tubule-sarcoplasmic reticulum anchoring...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.300806
更新日期:2013-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Structure/function analysis shows that the carboxyl terminal (CT) domain of connexin43 (Cx43) is essential for the chemical regulation of cell-cell communication. Of particular interest is the region between amino acids 260 and 300. Structural preservation of this region is essential for acidification-induced uncoupli...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.82.9.929
更新日期:1998-05-18 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Mitochondria, although required for cellular ATP production, are also known to have other important functions that may include modulating cellular responses to environmental stimuli. However, the mechanisms whereby mitochondria impact cellular phenotype are not yet clear. OBJECTIVE:To determine how mitochond...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.113.301319
更新日期:2013-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the time course of efferent sympathetic denervation after transmural myocardial infarction (TMI) and of efferent vagal denervation after transmural or nontransmural myocardial infarction (NTMI), we measured effective refractory periods (ERP) basal and apical to TMI or NTMI in secobarbital-anesthetized, op...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.62.6.1111
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the hemodynamic parameters of stage 18, 21, 24, and 27 chick embryos (from 3 to 5 days of incubation). Dorsal aortic blood velocity and mean vitelline artery blood pressure are measured with a 20 MHz pulsed-Doppler meter and servo-null pressure system respectively. We also measure heart rate, dorsal aortic d...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.51.6.810
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00