Abstract：
:In most countries the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is lower than in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Besides a history of blood transfusions, previous HD is an important risk factor for developing HCV infection in PD patients. Many HCV-positive patients already are anti-HCV-positive before initiation of PD. Seroconversion to HCV during PD treatment is, therefore, a rare event. HCV RNA in serum is positive in 53% to 84% of anti-HCV-positive patients. Routine screening for HBV and HCV by using a second- or third-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) should be performed in PD patients every 6 months. Asymptomatic HBV and HCV infection may be detected by elevation of transaminases, but lower cut-off levels should be preferred in PD patients. Prophylactic strategies include hygienic measures and HBV vaccination. The staff should be aware of the infectiousity of the PD effluent, especially in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive patients. Because of the smaller number of required blood transfusions and the increased use of home therapy, which reduces the risk for environmental contamination, PD is considered to be an important strategy for prevention of hepatitis in end-stage renal disease patients.
journal_name
Semin Nephroljournal_title
Seminars in nephrologyauthors
Puttinger H,Vychytil Asubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-07-01 00:00:00pages
351-60issue
4eissn
0270-9295issn
1558-4488pii
S0270-9295(02)70039-9journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:At present the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy remains unresolved. Clearly lack of insulin, with its associated disorders of carbohydrate, protein, and/or lipid metabolism, initiates the process which eventually leads to the characteristic histologic picture of diabetic nephropathy. The disturbance in cellular me...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although calcitriol has been shown to have an important role in the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism, its use as a therapeutic agent often has been limited by calcemic and phosphatemic toxicity. Vitamin D analogs and the synthetic prohormones, with the potential to have lesser effects on calcium and phosphorus, hav...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2004.06.013
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing in incidence and one third of newly diagnosed cases already are metastatic. The metastatic spread of solid tumors renders RCC incurable by surgical resection and consequently more difficult to treat. New molecular-targeted therapies have played a pivotal role in RCC treatment. ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2019.12.010
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxic nephropathies cause acute and chronic renal failure, primarily as a result of injury to renal tubular epithelium. There is a well-known capacity in the renal nephron for the synchronous occurrence of both apoptosis and necrosis in toxic nephropathies. This has engendered interest in the differing or complementar...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0270-9295(03)00085-8
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In chronic kidney disease the excessive production of parathyroid hormone increases the bone resorption rate and leads to histologic bone signs of secondary hyperparathyroidism. However, in other situations, the initial increase in parathyroid hormone and bone remodeling may be slowed down excessively by a multitude o...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.09.004
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of chronic or end-stage kidney disease in pediatric girls is lower than in boys, however, girls have unique morbidities that can have great effect on their quality of life. For female adolescents, creatinine excretion peaks at approximately 14 years of age and is significantly less than males, owing to ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2017.05.003
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Given the prohibitive costs of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) care for certain countries and the increasing incidence of ESRD worldwide, alternative methods of funding dialysis care are increasingly necessary. We describe the paradigm of the National Kidney Foundation of Singapore (NKF-S), the provider of subsidized d...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/snep.2001.23776
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic kidney disease, defined as reduced glomerular filtration rate (estimated using serum creatinine- and/or serum cystatin C-based equations) or excess urinary protein excretion, affects approximately 13% of adult Americans and is linked to a variety of clinical complications. Although persons with end-stage renal...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2016.05.006
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are several published series of pregnancy in patients with nonimmunoglobulin A mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (most of whom have thin basement membrane nephropathy [TBMN]). The aim of the present study was to review the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy in women with TBMN. The medical and obst...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2005.01.011
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Care of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has changed during the past 30 years. Tools to control hyperglycemia have improved and it was shown that improvement in glycemic control diminished the risk of late diabetic complications, including nephropathy. Moreover, in patients with impaired renal function, aggressive ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.07.002
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite intensive research over the past three decades, the events leading to pathogenic autoantibody production and immune deposit formation in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus continues to be debated. The controversy is fueled by the clinical observations that individual patients with lupus have variabl...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peritoneal dialysis (PD) may be a feasible, safe, and complementary alternative to hemodialysis not only in the chronic setting, but also in the acute setting. It previously was widely accepted for acute kidney injury (AKI) treatment, but its practice decreased in favor of other types of extracorporeal therapies. The ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2016.10.011
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At the present time, knowledge of the structure of the proton-translocating ATPase responsible for urinary acidification is far from complete. Key issues awaiting resolution are full definition of subunit structure and an understanding of the interactions among functional domains of this complex hetero-oligomer. Such ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of conditions can contribute to the development of the anemia that inevitably occurs with end-stage renal disease. The primary ones are decreased production of erythropoietin (EPO), decreased response to EPO by the bone marrow, and shortened red cell survival. Dialysis improves hematocrit levels by reducing p...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our understanding of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis has developed greatly since the discovery of ANCA, directed against neutrophil components, in 1982. Observations in human disease, and increasingly sophisticated studies in vitro and in rodent models in vivo, have allowed a nuanced u...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2017.05.016
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human nuclear genome consists of approximately 3 billion nucleotides. Human beings are 99% similar in DNA sequence to each other, but natural genetic variation in approximately 1% of the DNA sequence is responsible for interindividual differences, including determining who will develop disease and who will remain ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.01.003
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification of natriuretic peptides as key regulators of natriuresis and vasodilatation, and the appreciation that their secretion is under the control of cardiac hemodynamic and neurohumoral factors, has caused wide interest. The natriuretic peptides are structurally similar, but genetically distinct peptides ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/snep.2002.35666
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review emphasizes four major areas of pediatric hypertension. Because hypertension is the most common reason student athletes fail the sports pre-participation examinations, we have attempted to provide a rationale approach to the decision process to permit a hypertensive child to partake in leisure and competiti...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein (NESP) is a hyperglycosylated analogue of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) that stimulates erythropoiesis by the same mechanism as the native hormone. The addition of two extra carbohydrate chains, however, gives NESP greater metabolic stability in vivo, and its termin...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An important component of nephrology research is the discovery of novel proteins that control cellular and molecular events that contribute to normal kidney cell biology and disease. Identifying perturbation of normal cellular protein expression and interactions within signaling networks is critical for understanding ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.09.008
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:IgA nephropathy (IgAN), a common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, is associated with a substantial risk of progression to end-stage renal failure. The disease runs a highly variable clinical course with frequent involvement of tubulointerstitial damage. A subgroup of IgAN with proximal tubular epithelial cells (P...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.05.018
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are interconnected syndromes that represent a global public health challenge. Organelles play essential roles in a vast range of cell functions, and their damage is related to several kidney diseases. Organelles launch the stress signal or trigger the stress r...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2019.10.007
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure is a critically important aspect to consider in the study and management of drug-induced kidney injury. Although blood concentrations of kidney toxicants often may provide a valid surrogate measure of kidney exposure, the kidney has several unique physiological and biochemical properties that lend themselves ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.12.006
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stephen Hales was the first to measure blood pressure directly in the horse (1733), and the definitive studies on human nephrins by Richard Bright followed much later (1836). The relation between high blood pressure and renal disease was established by Mahomed (1872). The discovery of renin and its possible link with ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of hypertension as a cardiovascular risk factor increases progressively with aging, but diastolic blood pressure plateaus at age 50, which leads to a rise in pulse pressure in the elderly. Thus, isolated systolic hypertension with a widened pulse pressure is the most common type of hypertension seen in ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Membranous nephropathy remains the most common cause of the nephrotic syndrome in adults. Most patients do well with long-term natural history studies reporting a 10-year renal survival of 70% to 90% but the remainder progress to end stage renal failure. This plus the associated morbidity of those with persistent high...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium homeostasis is an important aspect of maternal and fetal physiology during gestation, and recent evidence implicates alterations in calcium metabolism in the pathogenesis of hypertension during pregnancy. Deficiencies in calcium intake have been linked to preeclampsia/eclampsia, and hypocalciuria and deviation...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although evidence has accumulated indicating a close relationship between inflammation and atherosclerosis, the relationship between inflammation and vascular calcification in patients with chronic renal failure is unclear. In the present study, the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) and vascular calcificat...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2004.06.008
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the early 1960s, a number of new immunosuppressive agents have been introduced to clinical transplantation. This review will be confined to mechanism of actions, and important gains and concerns of new microemulsion formulation of cyclosporine A (Neoral), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), FK506, brequinar sodium, sir...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Goodpasture (GP) syndrome is a form of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease, in which autoantibodies bind to alpha3(IV) collagen in GBM causing rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage. The conformational GP epitopes have been mapped to 2 regions within the noncollagenous (NC1) domain...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/s0270-9295(03)00131-1
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
