Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this paper is to describe social and economic changes related to shifts in diet and activity and to present prevalences for chronic diseases associated with the nutrition transition. DESIGN:Observations about social changes are descriptive, based on published reports and personal observations. Prevalence and trends data are based on a Ministry of Health published report and, for infants and toddlers, on primary data. SETTING:Disease prevalences for diabetes mellitus and hypertension are taken from four sites, representing underdeveloped, semi-developed and well-developed rural communities and Dar es Salaam, the largest city in Tanzania. The prevalences of underweight and overweight for infants and toddlers are taken from a small periurban clinic in Tanzania. SUBJECTS:Adults over 15 years of age are included in the prevalence data for chronic disease. The urban sample is stratified by occupation and ethnicity. The data for infants and toddlers include newborns to those aged 23 months. RESULTS:An increase in the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension was observed. Simultaneously, there have been rapid changes in diet and physical activity related to urbanisation and modernisation. The highest prevalences for diabetes and hypertension were among high-ranking executives. CONCLUSION:The increase in chronic disease could be related to the rise in the number of high-ranking executives. Simultaneously, per capita income has gone down, and malnutrition prevalence has risen. Programmes are being developed to simultaneously monitor trends in overweight while preventing protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency.
journal_name
Public Health Nutrjournal_title
Public health nutritionauthors
Maletnlema TNdoi
10.1079/phn2001289subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-02-01 00:00:00pages
163-8issue
1Aeissn
1368-9800issn
1475-2727pii
S136898000200023Xjournal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the association between dietary energy density and the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors among Iranian adult women. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. SUBJECTS:We assessed habitual dietary intakes of 486 Iranian adult women by the use of a validated F...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980011002680
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the association between wholegrain products intake and other dietary, lifestyle, anthropometric and socio-economic factors. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study, with data on diet, lifestyle and socio-economic factors obtained from questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements were collected by trained pro...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980008004576
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Although existing evidence links breakfast frequency to better dietary quality, little is known specifically in regard to the benefits associated with eating breakfast together with one's family. The present study describes the prevalence and experience of having family meals at breakfast among rural families...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S1368980016000379
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In 2011, the U.S. Institute of Medicine updated the definition of vitamin D inadequacy to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration of 30-<50 nmol/l and of deficiency to serum 25(OH)D < 30 nmol/l. We describe the prevalence of these conditions according to these definitions, seasonal variation in 25(O...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980013001754
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the dietary intakes of heterocyclic amines (HCAs), to examine the intakes in relation to socio-economics, lifestyle and other dietary factors and to compare the classification of subjects by intake of HCA versus intake of meat and fish. DESIGN:Cross-sectional analysis within the Malmö Diet and C...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980007352518
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We aimed to identify factors (child diet, physical activity; maternal BMI) associated with body composition of Ghanaian pre-school children. DESIGN:Longitudinal analysis of the International Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements (iLiNS)-DYAD-Ghana randomized trial, which enrolled 1320 pregnant women at ≤20 weeks'...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/S1368980019001745
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose was to examine the role of dietary patterns derived from factor analysis and their association with health and disease. DESIGN:Longitudinal population study, with measurement of diet (dietary history method), cardiovascular risk factors and a follow-up of 20 years for CHD incidence and 40 years f...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980011003235
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To provide an update on current practices and policy development status concerning breastfeeding in the WHO European Region. DESIGN:National surveys and studies conducted by national health institutions were prioritized. Sub-national data were included where no national data or studies existed. Information o...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980015001767
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the validity of a 148-item quantitative FFQ (QFFQ) that was developed for the Barbados National Cancer Study (BNCS) to determine dietary intake over 12 months and examine the dietary risk factors. DESIGN:A cross-sectional validation study of the QFFQ against 4 d food diaries. Spearman's rank correl...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980010002351
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Improving the diet of the Scottish population has been a government focus in recent years. Population health is known to vary between geographies; therefore alongside trends and socio-economic inequalities in eating behaviour, geographic differences should also be monitored. DESIGN:Eating behaviour data from...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980013002127
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the relationships between maternal breast-feeding intention, attitudes, self-efficacy and knowledge at 7 months' gestation with exclusive or full breast-feeding at 3 months postpartum. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study with structured home interviews during pregnancy and 3 months after delivery. SET...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980014000937
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify predictors of recovery in children with uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition (SAM). DESIGN:This is a secondary data analysis from an individual randomised controlled trial, where children with uncomplicated SAM were randomised to three feeding regimens, namely ready-to-use therapeutic food (RU...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980020004723
更新日期:2020-11-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Locale-specific data on BMI and overweight/obesity are necessary to understand how the obesity epidemic is evolving in each setting. We aimed to describe the temporal trends of mean BMI and prevalences of overweight/obesity in studies that evaluated Portuguese adults and older people. DESIGN:Systematic revie...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S1368980012000559
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate dietary health understandings, healthy foods access perceptions and the main sources of nutritional knowledge of residents in three urban communities of varying socio-economic make-up. DESIGN:An ethnographic approach to primary qualitative data collection, involving frequent visits to study ar...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980020003900
更新日期:2020-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the prevalence of anaemia (haemoglobin<11.0 to 13.0 g dl(-1) depending on age and sex group), iron deficiency (transferrin receptor concentration>8.3 microg ml(-1)) and vitamin A deficiency (serum retinol <0.7 micromol l(-1)) in adolescent refugees. DESIGN:Cross-sectional surveys. SETTING:Kak...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1079/phn2005825
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity appears when energy intake exceeds energy expenditure. The most important variable compound of energy expenditure is physical activity. The global epidemics of obesity seem closely related to reduced physical activity and sedentariness widely increasing nowadays. Once obesity has developed, caloric intake beco...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/S1368980007000705
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether a possession score or a poverty index best predicts undernutrition and anaemia in women of reproductive age (15-49 years; WRA) and children aged 6-59 months living in Côte d'Ivoire. DESIGN:Anthropometric measurements were converted to Z-scores to assess stunting, wasting and underweight ...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980012002819
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine whether socio-economic groups differ in their fruit and vegetable consumption, and the variety eaten, and whether socio-economic differences are similar for adolescents and adults. The study also examined whether socio-economic groups vary in their reported desire to increase the amount of fruit...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1079/PHN2002339
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the health status of ethnic minorities in Italy. Furthermore, we aimed to assess the association between anthropometric and blood parameters connected with health status. DESIGN:A cross-sectional study. Anthropometric data were collected by direct measurements and blood glucose, total cholesterol ...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980014000615
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To measure folic acid awareness and intake rates among women of childbearing age in certain areas of China with a high prevalence of neural tube defects (NTD). DESIGN:A cross-sectional survey was carried out utilising a nineteen-item questionnaire enquiring into individual women's knowledge of, attitude towa...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980011000097
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980011001868
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Epidemiological studies have indicated that dietary patterns during pregnancy are associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes such as hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preterm birth (PTB) and low birth weight (LBW). However, the results of these studies a...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980018002616
更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980018000678
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate associations of demographic and socio-economic factors with diet quality among population subgroups in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H). DESIGN:A cross-sectional analysis of 2017 B&H dietary survey data. Diet quality was assessed by the Prime Diet Quality Score (PDQS) utilizing data from two non-cons...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980019001988
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To establish the food consumption, dietary habits and nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and adults whose HIV status is not established. DESIGN:Cross-sectional descriptive survey. SETTING:Thika and Bungoma Districts, Kenya. SUBJECTS:A random sample of 439 adults; 174 adults living wi...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980009990826
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine risk factors for consumption of soda and other sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) among 2-year-old children. DESIGN:The analysis was performed using three linked data sets: the 2004-2005 Oregon Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring Survey (PRAMS); its longitudinal follow-up, 2006-2007 Oregon PRAMS-2...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980012004399
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To delineate trends in types of protein in US adults from 1999 to 2010, we examined the mean intake of beef, pork, lamb or goat, chicken, turkey, fish, dairy, eggs, legumes, and nuts and seeds (grams per kilogram of body weight) among adults and according to subgroups, including chronic disease status. DESIG...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980018003348
更新日期:2018-12-27 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate how intakes of whole grains and cereal fibre were associated to risk factors for CVD in UK adults. DESIGN:Cross-sectional analyses examined associations between whole grain and cereal fibre intakes and adiposity measurements, serum lipid concentrations, C-reactive protein, systolic blood press...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980019004221
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the association between perceived stress and adiposity among Chinese adults. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. Perceived stress was assessed using the 14-item perceived stress scale. Associations between quintiles of perceived stress and BMI and waist circumference were assessed using linear regressio...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980020005054
更新日期:2020-12-14 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Dietary intake is a leading risk factor for hypertension. We aimed to assess longitudinal associations between overall dietary patterns and incident hypertension among adults in Thailand. DESIGN:Prospective large Thai Cohort Study (TCS) conducted nationwide from 2005 to 2013. Dietary patterns were identified...
journal_title:Public health nutrition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S1368980018002203
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00