Peripheral astrocyte processes: monitoring by selective immunostaining for the actin-binding ERM proteins.

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus Type I (HSV-1) is a neurotropic virus that is capable of infecting not only neurons, but also microglia and astrocytes and can establish latent infection in the central nervous system (CNS). We investigated whether IFN lambda (IFN-λ), a newly identified member of IFN family, has the ability to inh...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Li J,Hu S,Zhou L,Ye L,Wang X,Ho J,Ho W

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Whole-cell membrane currents and imaging of intracellular calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i) were used to investigate the role of calcium in a response to serotonin of C6 glioma cells. Activation of a high-affinity serotonin receptor induced a transient rise in calcium concentration in these cells and activated a predom...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Manor D,Moran N,Segal M

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astrocytes are the most abundant cell type of the central nervous system and cover a broad range of functionalities. We report here the generation of a novel monoclonal antibody, anti-astrocyte cell surface antigen-2 (Anti-ACSA-2). Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry revealed that Anti-ACSA-2 ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Kantzer CG,Boutin C,Herzig ID,Wittwer C,Reiß S,Tiveron MC,Drewes J,Rockel TD,Ohlig S,Ninkovic J,Cremer H,Pennartz S,Jungblut M,Bosio A

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the migratory capacity of Schwann cells from the distal stump of a 1-week transected sciatic nerve of adult rat for a distance of 10 mm. The distal stump was introduced into the open end of a silicone chamber packed with artificial fibrin sponge (Gelaspon) soaked in phosphate-buffered saline (control ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Dubový P,Svízenská I

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Segments from adult fish and rat retinae were explanted on myelin-marker expressing oligodendrocytes derived from the regenerating goldfish optic nerve. Fish axons grew in high density and even rat retinal axons regenerated to considerable length on the surface of the fish oligodendrocytes, suggesting that this type o...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bastmeyer M,Bähr M,Stuermer CA

更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To develop effective procedures for improving the regeneration of peripheral nerves and for preventing the formation of neurofibromas, it is necessary to identify the different mitogens that stimulate the proliferation of Schwann cells. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), which is a potent autocrine growth factor in...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Schumacher M,Jung-Testas I,Robel P,Baulieu EE

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vestibular schwannomas (VSs) are benign tumors that arise from the Schwann cells (SCs) lining the vestibular nerve. VS cells survive and proliferate far from neurons and axonally derived growth factors. We have previously shown that VSs produce the glial growth factor, neuregulin-1 (NRG1), and its receptors, ErbB2 and...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hansen MR,Roehm PC,Chatterjee P,Green SH

更新日期：2006-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive astrocytes are a common feature of various pathological conditions within the CNS. Morphological changes of reactive astrocytes include an altered nucleus-cytoplasm relationship, nuclear indentations, an increased amount of intermediate filaments, and an immunologically immature phenotype. Additionally, the n...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Rohlmann A,Gocht A,Wolburg H

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Forkhead transcription factor 3 (Foxp3) is critical for generating CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells. However, its role in microglia has not been identified. Here, we show that Foxp3 is expressed in microglia and is upregulated upon activation. In Foxp3 mutant mice (Foxp3(sf)), microglia release higher levels of inflam...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Chung HS,Lee JH,Kim H,Lee HJ,Kim SH,Kwon HK,Im SH,Bae H

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are sensitive to environmental changes and are immediately transformed into several phenotypes. For such dynamic "modal shifts", purinergic receptors have central roles. When microglia sense ATP/ADP leaked from injured cells by P2Y(12) receptors, they are transformed into a moving phenotype, showing process ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Koizumi S,Ohsawa K,Inoue K,Kohsaka S

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are considered the only cell population of mesodermal origin in the brain, although their role is not fully understood. The present study demonstrated that rat primary microglial cells expressed nestin, A2B5, and O4 antigens, which are markers for oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Based on these findings, we ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Yokoyama A,Yang L,Itoh S,Mori K,Tanaka J

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have suggested that Nkx6.2/Gtx and Nkx2.2 homeodomain transcription factors are involved in the regulation of oligodendrocyte maturation and/or myelination which occur predominantly in postnatal stages. However, their cellular specificity in postnatal central nervous system has not been characterized an...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Cai J,Zhu Q,Zheng K,Li H,Qi Y,Cao Q,Qiu M

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis is altered, microglial cells become rapidly activated, proliferate and release a broad range of molecules. Among the plethora of molecules involved in the regulation of microglial activation, cytokines are considered crucial. Although production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) h...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Recasens M,Shrivastava K,Almolda B,González B,Castellano B

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) originate from restricted regions of the brain and migrate into the developing white matter, where they differentiate into oligodendrocytes and myelinate axons in the central nervous system (CNS). The molecular mechanisms that orchestrate these long distance trips of OPCs to popu...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Xiao L,Hu C,Yang W,Guo D,Li C,Shen W,Liu X,Aijun H,Dan W,He C

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dentate neurogenesis, important for learning and memory, declines dramatically by middle age. Although studies have shown that this age-related decrease can be reversed to some extent by exogenous applications of mitogenic factors, it is unclear whether one or more of these factors exhibits decline by middle age. We h...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Shetty AK,Hattiangady B,Shetty GA

更新日期：2005-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite decades of research, primary brain tumors, gliomas, lack effective treatment options and present a huge clinical challenge. Particularly, the most malignant subtype, Glioblastoma multiforme, proliferates extensively and cells often undergo incomplete cell divisions, resulting in multinucleated cells. We now pr...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bomben VC,Sontheimer H

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of microglia resulting in exacerbated inflammation expression plays an important role in degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, how this enhanced inflammation is induced in microglia remains largely unclear. Here, in the mouse PD model induced by ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： He Q,Wang Q,Yuan C,Wang Y

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Annexin II (AX II) is a member of the family of calcium-dependent actin- and phospholipid-binding proteins implicated in numerous intracellular functions such as signal transduction, membrane trafficking, and mRNA transport, as well as in the regulation of membrane/cytoskeleton contacts and extracellular functions. AX...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Hayashi A,Nakashima K,Yamagishi K,Hoshi T,Suzuki A,Baba H

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendrocytes (OL), cells that myelinate axons in the CNS, differentiate from early to late oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) to become mature OL. Unlike the case in the rodent brain, myelin formation starts prenatally in the human brain, but the sequence of OL development and the onset of myelination are not ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Jakovcevski I,Zecevic N

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, sensory deficits, and visual problems. The pathological mechanism of SPMS remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of microglia, immune ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Tanabe S,Saitoh S,Miyajima H,Itokazu T,Yamashita T

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is the main component of intermediate filaments in astrocytes. To assess its function in astrocyte swelling, we compared astrocyte membrane properties and swelling in spinal cord slices of 8- to 10-day-old wild-type control (GFAP(+/+)) and GFAP-knockout (GFAP(-/-)) mice. Membrane...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Anderová M,Kubinová S,Mazel T,Chvátal A,Eliasson C,Pekny M,Syková E

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendroglial cells undergo rapid transcriptional and dynamic morphological transformation in order to effectively myelinate neuronal axons. Olig1, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, functions to promote the transcription of myelin-specific genes and promotes differentiation and (re)myelination. While t...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Niu J,Mei F,Wang L,Liu S,Tian Y,Mo W,Li H,Lu QR,Xiao L

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:alpha-Syntrophin, a member of the dystrophin-associated protein complex, is required for proper localization of the water channel aquaporin-4 at the blood-brain barrier. Mice lacking alpha-syntrophin have reduced levels of aquaporin-4 in perivascular astroglial endfeet. Consequently, they exhibit reduced edema and inf...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Bragg AD,Amiry-Moghaddam M,Ottersen OP,Adams ME,Froehner SC

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuropsin and protease M/neurosin are serine proteases expressed by neurons and glial cells, and serve a variety of functions in the central nervous system (CNS). The current study demonstrates changes in the expression of these proteases following hemisection of the mouse spinal cord. Within unlesioned spinal cord, n...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Terayama R,Bando Y,Takahashi T,Yoshida S

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transgenic Tg2576 mice expressing human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) with the Swedish mutation are among the most frequently used animal models to study the amyloid pathology related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The transgene expression in this model is considered to be neuron-specific. Using a novel hAPP-specific...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Heiland T,Zeitschel U,Puchades MA,Kuhn PH,Lichtenthaler SF,Bjaalie JG,Hartlage-Rübsamen M,Roßner S,Höfling C

更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the brain, glycogen metabolism has been implied in synaptic plasticity and learning, yet the distribution of this molecule has not been fully described. We investigated cerebral glycogen of the mouse by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using two monoclonal antibodies that have different affinities depending on the glycog...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Oe Y,Baba O,Ashida H,Nakamura KC,Hirase H

更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In non-excitable cells, stimulation of phosphoinositide (PI) turnover and inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+-ATPase are methods commonly used to deplete calcium stores, resulting in a capacitative Ca2+ influx (i.e., Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ influx). Since this Ca2+ influx in glial cells has not been ...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Wu ML,Kao EF,Liu IH,Wang BS,Lin-Shiau SY

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) differentiate and mature into oligodendrocytes, which produce myelin in the central nervous system. Prior studies have shown that the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is necessary for proper myelination of the mouse spinal cord and that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) sign...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Ornelas IM,Khandker L,Wahl SE,Hashimoto H,Macklin WB,Wood TL

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequence of events by which new oligodendrocytes are generated in the adult mammalian central nervous system has not been clearly defined. Here we review old evidence that remyelinating cells can arise from the division of mature oligodendrocytes. In addition, we report the results of a tissue culture study compar...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Wood PM,Bunge RP

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells of the adaptive and innate immune systems in the brain parenchyma and in the meningeal spaces contribute to physiologic functions and disease states in the central nervous system (CNS). Animal studies have demonstrated the involvement of immune constituents, along with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) mole...

journal_title：Glia

authors： Healy LM,Yaqubi M,Ludwin S,Antel JP

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00