Abstract：
:Increased survival for young liver transplant recipients has greatly improved. Increasing success has led to broader indications, thereby increasing the number of potential recipients. Pediatric liver centers are developing new strategies to cope with the ever-increasing demands for suitable size appropriate grafts. UNOS is in the process of updating guidelines to regulate the sharing of organs which become available from new surgical techniques. In the future, alternative therapies, such as artificial liver assist devices and techniques of cellular transplantation and genetic modification of hepatocytes, may decrease the number of children who die while waiting for a suitable organ or even obviate the need for the liver transplantation.
journal_name
Clin Liver Disjournal_title
Clinics in liver diseaseauthors
Abramson O,Rosenthal Pdoi
10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70125-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-08-01 00:00:00pages
533-52issue
3eissn
1089-3261issn
1557-8224pii
S1089-3261(05)70125-2journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A human betaretrovirus has been characterized in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and the related mouse mammary tumor virus linked with autoimmune biliary disease in the NOD.c3c4 mouse model. Translational studies have been performed in patients who have PBC to investigate the role of viral infection in d...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2008.02.006
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding of the pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis on a molecular level has led to the identification of several putative serum markers of hepatic fibrosis. Either individually or in combination, these serum markers appear capable of determining early and advanced hepatic fibrosis. Radiological determination of hep...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2005.08.002
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is increasing at an astonishing rate in the US population. Although only a small proportion of these patients develop steatohepatitis (NASH), those who do have a greater likelihood of developing end-stage liver disease and complications. Research on liver fibrosis and ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2012.05.002
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Newer noninvasive tests have begun to replace liver biopsy for staging purposes. The clinician must evaluate these tools and apply them to individual patients. None of these modalities give the exact same staging of fibrosis as a liver biopsy, but they are excellent tools for risk stratification. Still, it should be r...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2014.09.007
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Liver biopsy is used to determine the pathogenesis of liver dysfunction after liver transplantation. One or more causative factors may be identified on biopsy. The pathologist must be familiar with the histopathology of acute rejection to differentiate it from other potential complications, including biliary obstructi...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(02)00003-x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are among the most common drugs associated with drug-induced liver injury, with an estimated incidence of between 3 and 23 per 100,000 patient years. Nimesulide, sulindac, and diclofenac seem to be associated with the highest risk and the only risk factor consistently identified is...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2007.06.004
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) can be predictable or idiosyncratic and has an estimated incidence of approximately 20 cases per 100,000 persons per year. DILI is a common cause of acute liver failure in the United States. No accurate tests for diagnosing DILI exist, and its diagnosis is based on exclusion of other c...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2016.08.012
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The management of autoimmune and cholestatic liver disorders is a challenging area of hepatology. Autoimmune and cholestatic liver diseases represent a comparatively small proportion of hepatobiliary disorders, yet their appropriate management is of critical importance for patient survival. In this article, management...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2009.02.011
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both covert hepatic encephalopathy (CHE) and overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) impair the ability to operate machinery. The legal responsibilities of US physicians who diagnose and treat patients with hepatic encephalopathy vary among states. It is imperative that physicians know the laws regarding reporting in their...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2015.04.004
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The causes of hepatic granulomas are numerous and their identification can be difficult. Sarcoidosis is a main cause of hepatic granulomas. The mechanisms that initiate the formation of sarcoid granulomas are unknown. This article discusses the pathology of hepatic sarcoidosis and hepatic granulomas. ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70108-2
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatobiliary dysfunction associated with the use of total parenteral nutrition is a commonly recognized phenomenon occurring in up to 90% of patients on long-term therapy. Reasons for these abnormalities, both supported by research as well as theoretical possibilities are explored. Practical guidelines considered use...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70368-8
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Good management of patients at risk for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma includes regular ultrasound surveillance, and aggressive management of lesions detected at ultrasound. Good radiology and good pathology are essential to the appropriate management of these small lesions. With good quality testing it i...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2007.08.011
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the liver disease associated with obesity, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Although steatosis is a key histologic feature, liver biopsies of patients with NAFLD can show a wide range of findings. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive subtype of NAFLD fir...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2015.10.011
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Artificial liver-support devices attempt to bridge patients with fulminant hepatic failure until either a suitable liver allograft is obtained for transplantation or the patient's own liver regenerates sufficiently to resume normal function. It is thought that toxins contribute to the clinical picture of fulminant hep...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70172-0
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity has become increasingly prevalent, and the number of obese patients in need of liver transplant is expected to continue to increase. In addition, liver disease due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is expected to become the leading cause of liver transplantation in the near future. However, obesity remains a...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2016.12.001
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although several mouse models of AIH have been described, no model is ideal. Indeed, the disease is self-limited in each model, and none is associated with significant liver fibrosis or progression to cirrhosis. Nevertheless, these models should be useful for testing different hypotheses regarding the initiation of AI...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(02)00026-0
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since publication of the first descriptions of acute liver failure (ALF) as a distinct clinical entity in the 1950's, the understanding of the pathophysiologic mechanisms involved and the management options have increased substantially. ALF still represents a major challenge for todays hepatologists, because it can ra...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2006.05.010
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AMA are detected in the serum of 92% to 95% of patients with PBC using indirect immunofluorescent methods. AIC is the term used to describe the 5% to 8% of AMA-negative PBC patients who uniformly have ANA and SMA. Recent applications of more sensitive and specific tests to detect serum AMA have shown that most, if not...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S1089-3261(03)00132-6
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Noncirrhotic portal hypertension represents a heterogeneous group of conditions that have distinct clinical and hemodynamic features that often help distinguish them from cirrhosis. [figure: see text] The sites of portal flow resistance may not be precisely localized to one area of the hepatic lobule and may extend be...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70191-4
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy is predominantly clinical, and the tests available assist in the diagnosis only by excluding other causes. Covert hepatic encephalopathy, which is defined as abnormal performance on psychometric tests when standard neurologic examination is completely normal, has gained widespre...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2015.04.001
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The answers to these questions are key to understanding the pathogenesis of PBC. Although the study of PBC is significantly retarded by the lack of an adequate animal model, the molecular technology to address these issues is advancing rapidly. In addition, the ability to isolate and culture human biliary epithelial c...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(03)00093-x
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although there are no randomized, controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) patients, substantial indirect evidence supports the effectiveness of ERC in symptomatic PSC patients with a dominant stricture. Currently, cumulative evide...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2014.07.013
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biochemical cholestasis after liver transplantation is common and often has no clinical significance if biliary anastomosis strictures and leaks have been excluded. There is no agreed upon definition for severe cholestasis, but it is associated with a worse mortality. There has been little evaluation on risk factors, ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2007.11.001
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormalities of LFTs and liver function occur not infrequently in patients with rheumatic conditions, and many diagnostic possibilities exist. Systemic inflammation that is related to uncontrolled rheumatic disease and periods of disease remission have been described as a cause for fluctuations in levels of serum ami...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(02)00052-1
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cirrhosis is a complex process in which the architecture of the liver is replaced by structurally abnormal nodules due to cirrhosis. Cirrhosis frequently leads to the development of portal hypertension. In children, portal hypertension may be caused by a wide range of etiologies, including extrahepatic portal vein obs...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2018.06.007
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In conclusion, the natural history of chronic HCV infection has not yet been fully defined. Current data suggest that the process runs an indolent course during the first two decades after initial infection, accounting for modest morbidity and mortality. Serious sequelae are more likely to emerge as the disease proces...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70323-8
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with sickle cell disease can develop liver disease as a result of intrahepatic sickling of erythrocytes, viral hepatitis and iron overload secondary to multiple blood transfusions, and gallstone disease as a result of chronic hemolysis. The spectrum of clinical liver disease is wide and often multifactorial. ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2018.12.002
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pruritus is a common symptom with primary biliary cholangitis. Research has focused on refining understanding of the neurohumoral pathways involved in transduction of pruritus from peripheral cutaneous receptors to the central nervous system, and identifying modulating drugs. Current treatments have variable efficacy ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2018.03.005
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article introduces one of the most diverse classes of direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C, the nucleoside and non-nucleoside NS5B polymerase inhibitors. Through a systematic review of the published literature, we describe their structure, mechanism of action, issues with resistance, and clinical effectivenes...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2011.05.003
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinoma can be treated using minimally invasive, image-guided, catheter-based or percutaneous techniques. Such procedures offer compelling clinical outcomes with a favorable side-effect profile in a population of patients who are poor candidates for surgical or systemic treatment. This article discuss...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2015.01.008
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
