Abstract：
:Patients with sickle cell disease can develop liver disease as a result of intrahepatic sickling of erythrocytes, viral hepatitis and iron overload secondary to multiple blood transfusions, and gallstone disease as a result of chronic hemolysis. The spectrum of clinical liver disease is wide and often multifactorial. Some patients develop cirrhosis that may progress to end-stage liver failure. Limited evidence exists for medical treatments. Exchange blood transfusions may improve outcomes in the acute liver syndromes. Liver transplantation may be an option for chronic liver disease. The role for prophylactic cholecystectomy in preventing complications of gallstone disease is controversial.
journal_name
Clin Liver Disjournal_title
Clinics in liver diseaseauthors
Theocharidou E,Suddle ARdoi
10.1016/j.cld.2018.12.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-01 00:00:00pages
177-189issue
2eissn
1089-3261issn
1557-8224pii
S1089-3261(18)30106-5journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:This article reviews the spectrum of alcohol use disorders. The pharmacologic properties of ethanol and its metabolism, and the historical, physical, and laboratory elements that may help diagnose an alcohol use disorder are examined. The concepts of motivational interviewing and stages of change are mentioned, along ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2012.08.006
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because of shared routes of transmission, hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection is common among HIV-infected persons. Because of the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy, chronic HCV has now emerged as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. Because chronic HCV is highly prevalent among HIV-infec...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2008.03.009
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have many treatment options. For patients with surgical indication, consideration of future liver remnant and the surgical complexity of the procedure is essential. A new 3-level complexity classification categorizing 11 liver resection procedures predicts surgical complexi...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2020.07.004
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis of hepatic encephalopathy is predominantly clinical, and the tests available assist in the diagnosis only by excluding other causes. Covert hepatic encephalopathy, which is defined as abnormal performance on psychometric tests when standard neurologic examination is completely normal, has gained widespre...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2015.04.001
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune liver diseases have much in common with each other, and there are clear associations with genetic haplotypes. Elegant studies have shown autoimmune liver disease induced by viruses and drugs. Although there is evidence for nonimmunological events precipitating immune disease, especially in primary sclerosin...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70005-2
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the liver disease associated with obesity, diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Although steatosis is a key histologic feature, liver biopsies of patients with NAFLD can show a wide range of findings. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive subtype of NAFLD fir...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2015.10.011
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of newly acquired hepatitis C infection has diminished in the United States. This decline is largely because of a decrease in cases among IDUs for reasons that are unclear and, to a lesser extent, to testing of blood donors for HCV. The virus is transmitted by blood, and such transmission now occurs prim...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 共识发展会议,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(02)00078-8
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The study of hepatitis C virus (HCV) molecular virology is helping to shape the future of our anti-HCV strategies by identifying new antiviral targets. With the advent of agents that specifically target individual HCV proteins, HCV-specific therapy has arrived. Key to these efforts is the development of high-efficienc...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2005.05.013
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The causes of hepatic granulomas are numerous and their identification can be difficult. Sarcoidosis is a main cause of hepatic granulomas. The mechanisms that initiate the formation of sarcoid granulomas are unknown. This article discusses the pathology of hepatic sarcoidosis and hepatic granulomas. ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70108-2
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disorder that can be divided into benign steatosis or nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Elastography and scoring systems based on clinical features and routine biochemical testing can be used to assess fibrosis in patient...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2017.08.006
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is increasing at an astonishing rate in the US population. Although only a small proportion of these patients develop steatohepatitis (NASH), those who do have a greater likelihood of developing end-stage liver disease and complications. Research on liver fibrosis and ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2012.05.002
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormalities of LFTs and liver function occur not infrequently in patients with rheumatic conditions, and many diagnostic possibilities exist. Systemic inflammation that is related to uncontrolled rheumatic disease and periods of disease remission have been described as a cause for fluctuations in levels of serum ami...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(02)00052-1
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteopenia, in the form of osteoporosis, is a common complication of chronic cholestatic liver diseases and, although its cause is poorly understood, it appears to be intimately related to the cholestasis itself. With more patients surviving longer with successful liver transplantation, the clinical significance of su...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70015-5
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pruritus is a common symptom with primary biliary cholangitis. Research has focused on refining understanding of the neurohumoral pathways involved in transduction of pruritus from peripheral cutaneous receptors to the central nervous system, and identifying modulating drugs. Current treatments have variable efficacy ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2018.03.005
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is the most common indication for liver transplantation in the United States and Europe, and more than 20,000 patients worldwide have undergone transplantation for complications of chronic hepatitis C. In North America, HCV accounts for 15% to 50% of the liver transplants perf...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2005.05.004
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A human betaretrovirus has been characterized in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and the related mouse mammary tumor virus linked with autoimmune biliary disease in the NOD.c3c4 mouse model. Translational studies have been performed in patients who have PBC to investigate the role of viral infection in d...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2008.02.006
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite significant advances in nonsurgical treatments of hepatocellular carcinoma, these approaches rarely result in cure. Surgery remains the mainstay of curative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation, in particular, has emerged as one of the most beneficial therapeutic modalities. Questions re...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2011.03.005
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a systemic disease with hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations, including neuropsychiatric conditions. Depression is a frequent disorder, which has been reported in one-third of patients with HCV infection and has an estimated prevalence of 1.5 to 4.0 times higher than that observ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2017.03.007
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, re-OLT accounts for 10% of all OLTs performed and is associated with significantly increased resource use, and decreased survival compared with primary OLT. After transplantation into an HCV-infected recipient, infection of the allograft by HCV is invariable. As patients survive longer after liver transpla...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(03)00053-9
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated, autodestructive liver disease with hepatocytes as target cells, mostly affecting young women. Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is also regarded as an autoimmune liver disease with bile duct epithelia as the target cells, resulting in a continuous loss of bile ducts. Bot...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(02)00007-7
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In conclusion, the natural history of chronic HCV infection has not yet been fully defined. Current data suggest that the process runs an indolent course during the first two decades after initial infection, accounting for modest morbidity and mortality. Serious sequelae are more likely to emerge as the disease proces...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70323-8
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacologic management of hepatic encephalopathy includes a broad range of therapies. This article covers the specific mainstays of therapies, such as antimicrobials and laxatives, with an established evidence base. This article also covers newer modalities of therapies, such as fecal microbiota transplant, probioti...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2020.01.005
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) is the biliary manifestation of the multisystem IgG4-related disease. IgG4-SC presents with biliary strictures and/or masses that can bear a striking similarity to other malignant and inflammatory diseases. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinica...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2015.08.004
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common and may progress to end-stage liver disease. Liver-related morbidity and mortality occur almost exclusively in patients whose disease progresses to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. Presence and severity of liver fibrosis seem the most important indicators of long-ter...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2007.02.004
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Combination therapy with beta-blockers and endoscopic band ligation (EBL) is the standard prophylaxis of esophageal variceal rebleeding in cirrhosis. Beta-blockers are the backbone of combination therapy, since their benefit extend to other complications of portal hypertension. EBL carries the risk of post-banding ulc...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2014.01.007
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary biliary cirrhosis is an insidious disease that progresses through the clinical phases: preclinical, asymptomatic, symptomatic, and liver insufficiency. The outlook of patients diagnosed with PBC has improved significantly over the past 2 decades because more patients are being diagnosed earlier in the disease ...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2008.02.012
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ascites is the most common complication of cirrhosis. It is associated with profound changes in the splanchnic and systemic circulation and with renal abnormalities. The development of ascites is related to the existence of severe sinusoidal portal hypertension that causes marked splanchnic arterial vasodilation and a...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70118-5
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of benign and malignant neoplasms can be encountered in the liver. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections alone may not yield sufficient information to definitively diagnose liver tumors; therefore, ancillary studies with immunohistochemical markers can play a crucial role in differentiating the diffe...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2010.10.001
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Development of ethanol-induced fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis has been attributed in part to nutritional deficiencies for many years. Special attention must be focused on treating alcohol-induced liver disease while providing replacement of deficient amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and other nutrient...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2004.11.003
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Liver transplantation in pediatrics has become an accepted modality of treatment in end-stage liver disease and irreversible acute liver failure. Biliary atresia is the most common indication requiring liver transplantation in children. The diagnosis and causes of acute liver failure in children differ from those in a...
journal_title：Clinics in liver disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cld.2007.04.001
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
