Polycyclic neuromodulation of the feeding rhythm of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis by the intrinsic octopaminergic interneuron, OC.

abstract：:The understanding of sarcasm reflects a complex process, which involves recognizing the beliefs of the speaker. There is a clear association between deficits in mentalizing, which is the ability to understand other people's behavior in terms of their mental state, and the understanding of sarcasm in individuals with a...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Uchiyama H,Seki A,Kageyama H,Saito DN,Koeda T,Ohno K,Sadato N

更新日期：2006-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Noradrenergic neurons of the brainstem extend projections throughout the neuraxis to modulate a wide range of processes including attention, arousal, autonomic control and sensory processing. A spinal projection from the locus coeruleus (LC) is thought to regulate nociceptive processing. To characterize and selectivel...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Li Y,Hickey L,Perrins R,Werlen E,Patel AA,Hirschberg S,Jones MW,Salinas S,Kremer EJ,Pickering AE

更新日期：2016-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term memory formation for passive-avoidance learning in the day-old chick is known to have two distinct time windows of protein synthesis (F.M. Freeman, S.P.R. Rose, A.B. Scholey, 1995. Two time windows of anisomycin-induced amnesia for passive-avoidance training in the day-old chick. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 63, 2...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Freeman FM,Young IG

更新日期：2000-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Breakdown products (BDPs) resulting from the partial proteolysis of spectrin were examined in hippocampal slices after periods of hypoxia lasting for 5 or 10 min. The concentration of a approximately 155 kDa BDP increased nearly twofold after 5 min of hypoxia; further increases were not seen with 10 min episodes or 10...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Arai A,Vanderklish P,Kessler M,Lee K,Lynch G

更新日期：1991-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Photoreceptor outer segments are continually renewed from base to tip and consequently the membrane at the tip is older than at the base. In parallel with this, there are differences in light responsiveness, and it has been proposed that these may be due to the aforementioned differences in age. We have tested this pr...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Leibovic KN,Bandarchi J

更新日期：1997-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuronal activity in the nucleus parabrachialis medialis (NPBM) was examined in unanesthetized, unrestrained cats during each sleep-waking state. Discharge related to the cardiac cycle was assessed by calculating cross-correlation functions between neuronal and cardiac events (using the peak of the EKG 'R' wave as a r...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Sieck GC,Harper RM

更新日期：1980-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Data are presented which show that background electric activity of the human brain is reduced by visual stimulation. Occipital EEG amplitude decreases 5-15% for all frequencies analyzed (0.2-40 Hz) upon pattern stimulation. The reduction is stimulus-specific, i.e. is the strongest for stimuli that activate a large num...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Vijn PC,van Dijk BW,Spekreijse H

更新日期：1991-05-31 00:00:00

abstract：:These experiments provide a direct test of the hypothesis that median raphe lesion- or PCPA-induced hyperactivity in the rat is mediated specifically by the hippocampus. Previous studies had shown that a marked depletion of hippocampal serotonin accompanied median lesion-induced hyperactivity. In the present studies, ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Jacobs BL,Trimbach C,Eubanks EE,Trulson M

更新日期：1975-08-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Reducing external calcium from 1.0 to 0.1 mM increased the flash sensitivity and the time-to-peak (tp) of linear responses of rod photoreceptors. The quantitative relation between flash sensitivity and tp was the same as during light adaptation. However, the calcium ionophore A23187 reduced sensitivity without affecti...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Matthews GG

更新日期：1985-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate morphological characteristics of the synaptic relations of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive terminals that are made with a variety of post-synaptic profiles in the lateralis medialis-suprageniculate nuclear complex (LM-Sg) using ChAT, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Hoshino K,Hicks TP,Meguro R,Hirano S,Kase M,Norita M

更新日期：1997-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:An enriched environment has been shown to improve cognitive, behavioral and histopathological outcome after focal cerebral ischemia and head trauma. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an enriched environment on histopathology following global cerebral ischemia. Wistar rats (21 weeks of age) were ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Belayev A,Saul I,Liu Y,Zhao W,Ginsberg MD,Valdes MA,Busto R,Belayev L

更新日期：2003-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection of neonatal mice with ts1, the neuropathogenic mutant of the Moloney murine leukemia virus, results in motor neuronal death in the brainstem and the spinal cord, with gliosis and demyelination, but no inflammatory cell infiltration into the CNS. To evaluate the possible mechanism(s) of ts1-induced neuropatho...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Choe W,Stoica G,Lynn W,Wong PK

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An electrophysiological approach has been used to trace the central course of individual C fibres from a cutaneous (sural) and muscle (gastrocnemius) nerve in anaesthetized rats. Single C fibres were recorded from the central part of cut peripheral nerves and a glass micropipette used to map the spinal cord with low t...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： McMahon SB,Wall PD

更新日期：1985-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)- and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-like immunoreactivity was examined in the retina of the 13-lined ground squirrel (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus). Labeling was observed in the inner nuclear layer (INL), inner plexiform layer (IPL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL). The immunoreactive c...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Lugo-García N,Blanco RE

更新日期：1991-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of glucagon injections (25, 100 and 200 ng) into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) were investigated in an open-circuit calorimeter. Wistar rats were tested, with no food available during the tests. High doses of glucagon (100 and 200 ng) produced small and short-lasting increases in en...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Atrens DM,Menéndez JA

更新日期：1993-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The Reelin signaling pathway controls radial neuronal migration and maturation in the developing brain. The platelet activating factor (PAF) acetyl hydrolase 1b (Pafah1b) complex is also involved in multiple aspects of brain development. We previously showed that the Reelin pathway and the Pafah1b complex interact gen...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Zhang G,Assadi AH,Roceri M,Clark GD,D'Arcangelo G

更新日期：2009-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurophysiological correlates of autoinhibition at the terminals of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons were studied by measuring the changes in antidromic excitability of nigrostriatal neurons following local infusions of various catecholamine agonists and antagonists into the neostriatum. Infusions of apomorphine...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Tepper JM,Nakamura S,Young SJ,Groves PM

更新日期：1984-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of hypothalamic stimulation (HS) were studied in intracellular recordings obtained from 125 neurons of the motor cortex (MC). HS that was effective in reinforcing bar-press behavior, i.e. satisfactory for intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS), evoked short-latency (less than 3 ms) activation of these cortical n...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Aou S,Oomura Y,Woody CD,Nishino H

更新日期：1988-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:This study examined the hypothesis that the subfornical organ (SFO), a circumventricular organ with both osmosensitive elements and dipsogenic receptors for circulating angiotensin (ANG) II, is important for the water drinking response that follows an intragastric (ig) load of hypertonic NaCl. A 2-ml saline load was a...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Starbuck EM,Fitts DA

更新日期：1998-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of dopaminergic neurons from the pars compacta of the substantia nigra is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) and results in a partial deafferentation to the striatum. Since deafferentation is known to induce transynaptic atrophy of postsynaptic cells, we examined by Golgi impregnation the morph...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： McNeill TH,Brown SA,Rafols JA,Shoulson I

更新日期：1988-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has been shown to activate the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, possibly by a direct action on hypothalamic CRF synthesis and release. In order to study the mechanisms involved in this effect, foetal hypothalamic cells were cultured and corticotropin-releasing factor-41 (CRF) release was ...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Hu SB,Lightman SL,Tannahill LA

更新日期：1992-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Administration of non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists (e.g. phencyclidine, MK-801) has been shown to elicit behavioral abnormalities related to symptoms of schizophrenia, such as spontaneous locomotor activity and impaired sensorimotor gating, as represented by deficits of prepulse inhibit...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Uehara T,Sumiyoshi T,Seo T,Matsuoka T,Itoh H,Suzuki M,Kurachi M

更新日期：2010-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Immunocytochemical localization of specific neurotransmitters in the brain is becoming increasingly important in studies of maturation. We have used the trilaminar prepyriform cortex (PC) of rats to study the distribution, patterns and relative number of cells, fibers and terminals during postnatal development using a...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Westenbroek RE,Westrum LE,Hendrickson AE,Wu JY

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:mRNA prepared from rat small intestine was injected into Xenopus oocytes. The injected oocytes showed a clear electrical response to D-glucose (Glu) in the form of membrane depolarization and conductance increase, while none was shown to D-fructose. The membrane electrical response of the injected oocytes evoked by Gl...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Aoshima H,Ishii H,Anan M

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endogenous cytochrome oxidase activity within the mitochondria of neurons and neuropil was demonstrated histochemically under normal and experimental conditions. Since enzymatic changes were noted with chronic neuronal inactivity in the auditory system (Wong-Riley et al), the present study sought to examine functional...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wong-Riley M

更新日期：1979-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:The onset of the daily wheel running bout precedes dark onset by several hours in the early runner genetic variant of mice. Here, we test the hypothesis that timed daily administration of a melatonin agonist, ramelteon, or a benzodiazepine, triazolam, normalizes the timing of daily wheel-running rhythms in early runne...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Wisor JP,Jiang P,Striz M,O'Hara BF

更新日期：2009-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrical stimulation of the retina evokes at the optic tract level rhythmic bursts of activity whose temporal structure is predictable from the polarity of the stimulation and the receptive field type. The reaction of lateral geniculate units to this input was studied in fast and slow relay cells as well as in inter...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Molotchnikoff S,Lachapelle P

更新日期：1978-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Attack by a cat on a rat was elicited by electrical stimulation of the ventral parabrachial nucleus or the paralemniscal pontine reticular formation. The attack was quiet and it differed from similar behavior elicited at other sites in that the cat not only bit the rat but struck it with its paw. Horseradish peroxidas...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Smith DA,Flynn JP

更新日期：1979-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We have monitored the expression of c-fos protein in the medulla oblongata of the ferret, using immunocytochemistry, to identify the brainstem pathways involved in the mediation of nausea and vomiting caused by the antineoplastic drug cisplatin. Cisplatin administration resulted in c-fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Reynolds DJ,Barber NA,Grahame-Smith DG,Leslie RA

更新日期：1991-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The sexual and associated behaviour of 10 adult male marmosets was recorded during pair tests with ovariectomized females, before and after bilateral thermal lesions of the hypothalamus. Four sham-lesioned males served as controls. Lesions varied in volume from 1.49 to 3.28 mm3 and extended from the ventromedial hypot...

journal_title：Brain research

authors： Lloyd SA,Dixson AF

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00