Gallstone formation. Local factors.

abstract：:There is sparse information regarding exercise and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Furthermore, the importance of regular exercise in the optimal management of IBD has not received attention in guidelines and is often overlooked by practitioners. This article summarizes evidence regarding health benefits of exercise...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hashash JG,Binion DG

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:BA is a rare disease of unclear etiology; nevertheless, its impact in the field of pediatric hepatology is significant. It is the most common surgically correctable cause of neonatal cholestasis and is the most common pediatric disease referred for liver transplantation. Little progress has been made with regard to im...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Haber BA,Russo P

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Corticosteroids are a nonspecific immune modulator used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Topical and systemic forms of corticosteroids have been shown to be effective in induction of clinical remission and remain first-line therapy for acute severe ulcerative colitis. A large proportion of patients experience a...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： George LA,Cross RK

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of colorectal neoplasia originates from normal colonic mucosa, progresses to the adenomatous polyp, and later may evolve into carcinoma. This procession of histologic change can be defined by a series of successive waves of clonal expansion that contain certain genetic alterations. These genetic altera...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Carethers JM

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews current concepts regarding the pathobiology of cystic fibrosis pancreatic disease. It summarizes recent studies on the relationship between CFTR mutations and pancreatitis, and it reviews several unresolved issues in the field. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Cohn JA,Mitchell RM,Jowell PS

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease both may occur in the elderly. In many populations, a second peak in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease occurs near age 70. Clinical manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly are generally similar to those seen in younger patients, although there is a t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Grimm IS,Friedman LS

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphocyte homing antagonists represent promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Several critical molecules involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells in the intestine, including integrins and chemokine receptors, have been successfully targeted for the trea...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Saruta M,Papadakis KA

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the initial discovery of H. pylori by Marshall and Warren 17 years ago, much progress has been made in treating this infection. However, as we enter the millennium, H. pylori infection continues to be one of the most common infections of mankind. In addition, eradication of H. pylori still requires multiple anti...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Blanchard TG,Czinn SJ

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ischemic bowel diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders usually seen in elderly individuals. They represent ischemic damage to different portions [figure: see text] of the bowel and produce a variety of clinical syndromes and outcomes. Colonic ischemia is the commonest of these disorders and has a favorable...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Greenwald DA,Brandt LJ,Reinus JF

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The delivery of medical care is undeniably changing. Resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and the progressive rise of health care expenditures needs to be restrained. Although the field of outcomes assessment is not well understood, it is increasingly being applied to the practice of medicine. The underlying go...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Johanson JF

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In patients with Crohn's disease on biologic medications, the use of therapeutic drug monitoring leads to a personalized approach to optimize treatment. Using an algorithmic approach, measurement of drug concentrations and anti-drug antibodies can be used to improve treatment outcomes. Therapeutic drug concentrations ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Heron V,Afif W

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a severe form of intestinal dysmotility disorder, characterized by the impairment of gastrointestinal propulsion of the gut content in the absence of fixed occluding lesions. CIPO is a rare disease that can develop in both children and adults. CIPO is classified as prima...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Pironi L,Sasdelli AS

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment with a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy currently allows about 80 per cent of patients with epidermoid carcinomas of the anal canal to retain anorectal function, with about a 70 per cent likelihood of cure at 5 years. In these programs, radical surgery is reserved for the management of resid...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Cummings BJ

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Precursor lesions in the GIT include flat dysplasias, adenomas, dysplasia superimposed on nonneoplastic polyps, endocrine cell dysplasia, ACF, and condyloma accuminatum. Interobserver variability can be a problem in reporting dysplasia, and ancillary techniques including flow cytometry, image analysis, proliferation m...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Haber MM

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article has reviewed the morphologic features of BE and its complications of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma in routinely processed endoscopic biopsy and resection specimens. In addition, the problems related to the diagnosis of dysplasia in tissue samples have been analyzed, and the role of esophageal brush cytolog...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Antonioli DA,Wang HH

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gallstones are common with prevalences as high as 60% to 70% in American Indians and 10% to 15% in white adults of developed countries. Ethnic differences abound with a reduced frequency in black Americans and those from East Asia, while being rare in sub-Saharan Africa. Certain risk factors for gallstones are immutab...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stinton LM,Myers RP,Shaffer EA

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD and UC represent a spectrum of chronic IBD that present in protean ways and are accompanied by a variety of systemic sequelae. Sulfasalazine and the newer 5-aminosalicylates are important in the management of mild-to-moderate disease, whereas corticosteroids remain the primary therapy for most patients with moderat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stein RB,Hanauer SB

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A better definition of a pseudocyst that clearly separates it from acute fluid collection, improvements in imaging studies, and a better understanding of the natural history of pseudocysts have changed the concepts regarding their management. The old teaching that cysts of more than 6 cm in diameter that have been pre...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Pitchumoni CS,Agarwal N

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on preventing the initiation and promotion of neoplastic growth in colon cancer, particularly with dietary measures. A goal of dietary epidemiology is to identify chemopreventive agents and strategies. The effects of diet are analyzed by observational approaches and experimental dietary, nutrition...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Marshall JR

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding of hemorrhoidal pathology and treatment has come a long way. The theory of a sliding anal canal lining and the knowledge that hemorrhoidal cushions are a normal part of the anal anatomy should encourage symptom control rather than radical removal of tissue. Techniques that fix the cushions back in positi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hulme-Moir M,Bartolo DC

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Colorectal cancer is a major illness in the Western world. International and migrant studies suggest that environmental causes, notably a fat- and calorie-dense diet (even if adopted in adulthood), are associated with the disease. Case-control studies have not conclusively identified specific etiologic dietary factors...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Neil GA,Bruce WR

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If one reviews the literature with zeal, it is increasingly apparent that few organs escape recruitment when IBD is chronic or progressive. Insights into mucosal pathophysiology have helped with understanding the more frequent extraintestinal manifestations, but the mechanisms attendant to the development of less comm...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Levine JB,Lukawski-Trubish D

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The health care burden of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is projected to continue to increase over the next two decades, so improving the efficacy of anti-HCV therapy has the potential to significantly affect health care utilization associated with the disease. Adherence to standard combination therapy and maintain...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Manns MP

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder that has been shown to aggregate in families and to affect multiple generations, but not in a manner consistent with a major Mendelian effect. Relatives of an individual with IBS are 2 to 3 times as likely to have IBS, with both genders being affected. To date, more ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Saito YA

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In most patients presenting with acute pancreatitis, the cause can be established on the basis of initial history, physical examination, laboratory studies, and abdominal sonography. Patients with unexplained pancreatitis at that point are often considered to have idiopathic disease. However, a cause and, often, effec...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Grendell JH

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Probiotics have been studied in a variety of GI infections, and are an appealing concept given their favorable safety profiles. Several placebo-controlled trials indicated that lactobacilli have a suppressive effect on H pylori infection. Although some studies reported improvement in H pylori eradication, others faile...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Huebner ES,Surawicz CM

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Swallowed fluticasone and oral viscous budesonide are effective first-line therapies for eosinophilic esophagitis in children. Side effects are minimal without evidence of Cushing syndrome, as seen in treatment with systemic corticosteroids. New studies on alternative delivery systems and different corticosteroids (eg...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Contreras EM,Gupta SK

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic pancreatitis as well as pancreatic cancer. Sphincterotomy and stone removal in biliary pancreatitis, stone extraction and drainage in chronic pancreatitis, and stent implantation in pancreatic cancer are the predominant procedures. W...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Jakobs R,Riemann JF

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article examines the transitions in pharmacological therapy for obesity. It reviews the current options approved by the Food and Drug Administration and several drugs approved for other indications that can be used to treat obesity as well. Because weight regulation is complex and redundant systems protect agains...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kaplan LM

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overall, fecal markers have been found to be more accurate than serum markers. However, fecal markers are not specific for IBD and may be elevated in a range of organic conditions. Fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin can still differentiate inflammatory disease from functional bowel disorders. Comparison studies have f...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Abraham BP,Kane S

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00