Abstract:
:In this review first we evaluate evidence on the role of the neurobiological alterations induced by chronic ethanol consumption in the development of ethanol tolerance, dependence and withdrawal. Secondly, we describe the neuropathological consequences of chronic ethanol on cognitive functions and on brain structures. Chronic alcohol consumption can induce alterations in the function and morphology of most if not all brain systems and structures. While tolerance mechanisms are unlikely to contribute to the neuroadaptive changes associated with ethanol dependence, it is otherwise clear that repeated high, intoxicating doses of ethanol trigger those neuroadaptive processes that lead to dependence and contribute to the manifestation of the abstinence syndrome upon withdrawal. An unbalance between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission is the most prominent neuroadaptive process induced by chronic ethanol consumption. Due to the diffuse glutamatergic innervation to all brain structures, the neuroadaptive alterations in excitatory neurotransmission can affect the function of most if not all of neurotransmitter systems. The expression of the withdrawal syndrome is the major causal factor for the onset and development of the neuropathological alterations. This suggests a link between the neuroadaptive mechanisms underlying the development of ethanol dependence and those underlying the functional and structural alterations induced by chronic ethanol. In animals and humans, specific alterations occur in the function and morphology of the diencephalon, medial temporal lobe structures, basal forebrain, frontal cortex and cerebellum, while other subcortical structures, such as the caudate nucleus, seem to be relatively spared. The neuropathological alterations in the function of mesencephalic and cortical structures are correlated with impairments in cognitive processes. In the brain of alcoholics, the prefrontal cortex and its subterritories seem particularly vulnerable to chronic ethanol, whether Korsakoff's syndrome is present or not. Due to the role of these cortical structures in cognitive functions and in the control of motivated behavior, functional alterations in this brain area may play an important role in the onset and development of alcoholism.
journal_name
Prog Neurobioljournal_title
Progress in neurobiologyauthors
Fadda F,Rossetti ZLdoi
10.1016/s0301-0082(98)00032-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-11-01 00:00:00pages
385-431issue
4eissn
0301-0082issn
1873-5118pii
S0301-0082(98)00032-Xjournal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Although more than 8000 papers of apoptosis are published annually, there are very few reports concerning necrosis in the past few years. A number of recent studies using lower species animals have suggested that the cornu Ammonis (CA) 1 neuronal death after brief global cerebral ischemia occurs by apoptosis, an activ...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(00)00006-x
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) constitute a unique population of glia that accompany and ensheath the primary olfactory axons. They are thought to be critical for spontaneous growth of olfactory axons within the developing and adult olfactory nervous system, and have recently emerged as potential candidates for ce...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.08.008
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the cellular mechanisms underlying behaviours in mammals, the respective contributions of the individual properties characterizing each neuron, as opposed to the properties emerging from the organization of these neurons in functional networks, have to be evaluated. This requires the use, in the same spe...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(96)00057-3
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term consequences of anesthetic exposure in humans are not well understood. It is possible that alterations in brain function occur beyond the initial anesthetic administration. Research in children and adults has reported cognitive and/or behavioral changes after surgery and general anesthesia that may be short ...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.01.005
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metazoans possess complicated multicellular structure among the multicellularities of eukaryotes. One evolutionary pressure that permits such complexity relates to the directed and precise informational transmission performed by numerous synapses in neuron system. Neurotransmitter inactivations play essential roles in...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2006.03.002
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventral pallidum (VP) plays a critical role in the processing and execution of motivated behaviors. Yet this brain region is often overlooked in published discussions of the neurobiology of mental health (e.g., addiction, depression). This contributes to a gap in understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of psy...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.03.005
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is proposed that altered dendrite length and de novo formation of new dendrite branches in cholinoceptive cells are responsible for long-term memory storage, a process enabled by the degradation of microtubule-associated protein-2. These memories are encoded as modality-specific associable representations. Accordin...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(97)00094-4
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most functional studies of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels have been confined to photoreceptors and olfactory epithelium, in which CNG channels are abundant and easy to study. The widespread distribution of CNG channels in tissues throughout the body has only recently been recognized and the functions of this c...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(98)00029-x
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Not later than two synapses after their arrival in the cerebellar cortex all excitatory afferent signals are subsequently transformed into inhibitory ones. Guaranteed by the exceedingly ordered and stereotyped synaptic arrangement of its cellular elements, the cerebellar cortex transmits this inhibitory result of cere...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(00)00024-1
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the nigrostriatal pathway, which leads to the cardinal motor symptoms of the disease - tremor, rigidity and postural instability. A number of non-motor symptoms are also associated with PD, including cognitive impairment, mood disturb...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.11.003
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic constipation is one of the most prominent prodromal symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), and Lewy bodies, enriched with aggregated α-Synuclein (α-Syn), propagation from the gut into the brain has been proposed to play a key role in PD etiopathogenesis. BDNF (Brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and Netrin-1 pro...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101905
更新日期:2020-09-07 00:00:00
abstract::This review summarizes recent work on the use of reporter genes to label selected neuronal populations in transgenic mice, with particular emphasis on gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. Reporter genes discussed are the lacZ, green fluorescent protein (GFP), luc, and bla genes, which encode the reporter pro...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(00)00038-1
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease was first described in 1817 by James Parkinson. It is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, affecting the nigrostriatal pathways involved in the control of movement. Since the introduction of L-DOPA as a therapy in the mid-1960s, clinical management of the symptoms has progressed, but...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2008.05.003
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bioenergetic defects and abnormalities in glutamate neurotransmission have both been proposed to play important roles in neurological diseases of varying chronology, etiology and pathology. Recent experimental evidence suggests an intimate relationship between these two systems. Metabolic inhibition predisposes neuron...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0301-0082(96)00006-8
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain lactate formation, intercellular exchange and utilization has been implicated in memory formation. However, the individual role of either neuronal or astroglial monocarboxylate transporters for the acquisition and consolidation of information remains incomplete. Using novel transgenic mice and a viral vector app...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101888
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An understanding of how axons elongate is needed to develop rational strategies to treat neurological diseases and nerve injury. Growth cone-mediated neuronal elongation is currently viewed as occurring through cytoskeletal dynamics involving the polymerization of actin and tubulin subunits at the tip of the axon. How...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2011.04.002
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dementia encapsulates a set of symptoms that include loss of mental abilities such as memory, problem solving or language, and reduces a person's ability to perform daily activities. Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, however dementia can also occur in other neurological disorders such as Hunting...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.03.008
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Should patients with Parkinson's disease participate in research involving stem cell treatments? Are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) the ethical solution to the moral issues regarding embryonic stem cells? How can we adapt trial designs to best assess small numbers of patients in receipt of invasive experimental...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.04.003
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depression in the elderly is nowadays a predominant health care problem, mainly due to the progressive aging of the population. It results from psychosocial stress, polypathology, as well as some biochemical changes which occur in the aged brain and can lead to cognitive impairments, increased symptoms from medical il...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(99)00050-7
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noradrenaline release in areas within the forebrain occurs following activation of noradrenergic cells in the locus coeruleus (LoC). Release of noradrenaline by attentional/arousal/vigilance factors appears to be essential for learning and is responsible for the consolidation of memory. Noradrenaline can activate any ...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(02)00023-0
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::White matter (WM) plasticity during adulthood is a recently described phenomenon by which experience can shape brain structure. It has been observed in humans using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and myelination has been suggested as a possible mechanism. Here, we set out to identify molecular and cellular changes ass...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101770
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::After a long period of inconclusive observations, the intrinsic primary afferent neurons of the intestine have been identified. The intestine is thus equipped with two groups of afferent neurons, those with cell bodies in cranial and dorsal root ganglia, and these recently identified afferent neurons with cell bodies ...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(97)00051-8
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The K+-Cl- co-transporter KCC2 is a neuron-specific, Cl- extruder that uses K+ gradient for maintaining low intracellular [Cl-]. It is indeed well established that sustaining an outwardly-directed electrochemical Cl- gradient across the neuronal membrane is fundamental for a proper function of postsynaptic GABAA recep...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.11.002
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The scientific understanding of preproglucagon derived peptides has provided people with type 2 diabetes with two novel classes of glucose lowering agents, the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists. For the scientists, the novel GLP-1 agonists, and DPP-IV inhibitors have evolved as us...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2010.07.003
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sound communication is not unique to humans but rather is a trait shared with most non-mammalian vertebrates. A practical way to address questions of vocal signal encoding has been to identify mechanisms in non-mammalian model systems that use acoustic communication signals in their social behavior. Teleost fishes, th...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(03)00004-2
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review suggests that a previously unrecognized spinal cord pathway may be of major importance in the conduction of the somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) from the lower limb in Man. The nerve fiber type activated by a "typical" peripheral nerve stimulus used in studying the SEP will activate the posterior tibia...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0301-0082(85)90021-8
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The S-100 is a group of low molecular weight (10-12 kD) calcium-binding proteins highly conserved among vertebrates. It is present in different tissues as dimers of homologous or different subunits (alpha, beta). In the nervous system, the S-100 exists as a mixture composed of beta beta and alpha beta dimers with the ...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0301-0082(94)00062-m
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review is focused on the structure and function of Alzheimer's amyloid deposits. Amyloid formation is a process in which normal well-folded cellular proteins undergo a self-assembly process that leads to the formation of large and ordered protein structures. Amyloid deposition, oligomerization, and higher order p...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2004.10.004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The freely diffusible messenger nitric oxide (NO), generated by NO synthase (NOS)-containing "nitroxergic" (NO-ergic) neurons, is unique among classical synaptic chemical transmitters because of its "non-specificity", molecular "NO-receptors" (e.g. guanylyl cyclase, iron complexes, nitrosylated proteins or DNA) in tar...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(96)00062-7
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The brain circuitry of saccadic eye movements, from brainstem to cortex, has been extensively studied during the last 30 years. The wealth of data gathered allowed the conception of numerous computational models. These models proposed descriptions of the putative mechanisms generating this data, and, in turn, made pre...
journal_title:Progress in neurobiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.11.001
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00