Abstract:
:Under secondary metabolic conditions, the lignin-degrading basidiomycete Phanerochaete chrysosporium mineralizes 2,4, 6-trichlorophenol. The pathway for the degradation of 2,4, 6-trichlorophenol has been elucidated by the characterization of fungal metabolites and oxidation products generated by purified lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP). The multistep pathway is initiated by a LiP- or MnP-catalyzed oxidative dechlorination reaction to produce 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone. The quinone is reduced to 2,6-dichloro-1,4-dihydroxybenzene, which is reductively dechlorinated to yield 2-chloro-1,4-dihydroxybenzene. The latter is degraded further by one of two parallel pathways: it either undergoes further reductive dechlorination to yield 1, 4-hydroquinone, which is ortho-hydroxylated to produce 1,2, 4-trihydroxybenzene, or is hydroxylated to yield 5-chloro-1,2, 4-trihydroxybenzene, which is reductively dechlorinated to produce the common key metabolite 1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene. Presumably, the latter is ring cleaved with subsequent degradation to CO2. In this pathway, the chlorine at C-4 is oxidatively dechlorinated, whereas the other chlorines are removed by a reductive process in which chlorine is replaced by hydrogen. Apparently, all three chlorine atoms are removed prior to ring cleavage. To our knowledge, this is the first reported example of aromatic reductive dechlorination by a eukaryote.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Reddy GV,Gelpke MD,Gold MHdoi
10.1128/JB.180.19.5159-5164.1998subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-10-01 00:00:00pages
5159-64issue
19eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
180pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Small subunit rRNA sequences have been determined for 10 of the most clinically important pathogenic species of the yeast genus Candida (including Torulopsis [Candida] glabrata and Yarrowia [Candida] lipolytica) and for Hansenula polymorpha. Phylogenetic analyses of these sequences and those of Saccharomyces cerevisia...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.7.2250-2255.1991
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A general, genetic technique for determining the direction of transcription for bacterial genes is presented. By comparing the phenotype of Mu-Mud1 dilysogens with the phenotype of deletion-containing derivatives, the direction of transcription for the gene containing Mud1 can be unambiguously determined. This method ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.146.1.260-268.1981
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of acetate and pyruvate groups in Klebsiella capsular polysaccharides may be demonstrated and estimated quantitatively by running the proton magnetic resonance spectrum of the polysaccharide (as sodium salt) in deuterium oxide at 95 C. Such spectra also permit an assessment to be made of the number of alp...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.113.3.1345-1347.1973
更新日期:1973-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endophytic diazotroph Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus secretes a constitutively expressed levansucrase (LsdA, EC 2.4.1.10) to utilize plant sucrose. LsdA, unlike other extracellular levansucrases from gram-negative bacteria, is transported to the periplasm by a signal-peptide-dependent pathway. We identified an u...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.186.15.5031-5039.2004
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 5 to 10 peritrichously inserted complex flagella of Rhizobium meliloti MVII-1 were found to form right-handed flagellar bundles. Bacteria swam at speeds up to 60 microns/s, their random three-dimensional walk consisting of straight runs and quick directional changes (turns) without the vigorous angular motion (tum...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.169.7.3146-3150.1987
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::CRISPR-Cas systems are prokaryotic adaptive immune systems that facilitate protection of bacteria and archaea against infection by external mobile genetic elements. The model pathogen Francisella novicida encodes a CRISPR-Cas12a (FnoCas12a) system and a CRISPR-Cas9 (FnoCas9) system, the latter of which has an addition...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00670-19
更新日期:2020-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic and segregation analysis of Escherichia coli strains containing a partial duplication of the trp operon reveal that the 2.5-min-long region trpD-purB is duplicated in tandem in the chromosome. The adjacent loci cysB and fabD are not duplicated. Although one copy of the duplicated region is longer than the maxi...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.133.2.650-660.1978
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to assess the roles of specific amino acid residues in the delta 5-3-ketosteroid isomerase from Pseudomonas putida biotype B during catalysis, we replaced aspartic acid 40 with asparagine (D40N) and tyrosine 16 with phenylalanine (Y16F) in the enzyme by site-directed mutagenesis. Both purified mutant enzymes ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.177.9.2602-2605.1995
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of the nine genes comprising the L-rhamnose operon of Rhizobium leguminosarum, rhaU has not been assigned a function. The construction of a Delta rhaU strain revealed a growth phenotype that was slower than that of the wild-type strain, although the ultimate cell yields were equivalent. The transport of L-rhamnose int...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01120-07
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Addition of urea to an uninduced culture of Saccharomyces at 22 C results in appearance of allophanate hydrolase activity after a lag of 12 min. We have previously demonstrated that both ribonucleic acid (RNA) and protein synthesis are needed for this induction to occur. To elucidate the time intervals occupied by kno...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.126.1.198-204.1976
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ribosome content was markedly reduced when illumination (at 28 C) was repeatedly interrupted; an opposite trend was observed with continuous light as the temperature was decreased. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.97.3.1518-1519.1969
更新日期:1969-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously we have described a mutant Hfr strain in which incompatibility between the integrated F factor and an autonomous F-prime (F') factor was abolished. The mutation (inc) was located in the integrated F factor. F-prime factors isolated from the mutant Hfr strain have the same incompatibility behavior as those i...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.127.1.348-353.1976
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified Rickettsia prowazekii cells were able to transport L-proline. The influx of this amino acid had a Kt of 14 microM and a Vmax of about 64 pmol/min per mg of protein. Proline could not be transported by heat-killed or metabolically poisoned rickettsiae or at 0 degrees C. The uptake of proline was linear for alm...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.158.2.460-463.1984
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), although characterized from several organisms, have so far not been studied in mycobacteria. The present study is the first characterization of a PBP from Mycobacterium smegmatis. The PBP was purified by solubilization of the membranes with Triton X-100 and successive chromatography...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.174.14.4829-4832.1992
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli possesses a soluble flavohemoglobin, with an unknown function, encoded by the hmp gene. A monolysogen containing an hmp-lacZ operon fusion was constructed to determine how the hmp promoter is regulated in response to heme ligands (O2, NO) or the presence of anaerobically utilized electron acceptors (n...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.178.18.5487-5492.1996
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia cenocepacia strain K56-2, a representative of the Burkholderia cepacia complex, is part of the epidemic and clinically problematic ET12 lineage. The strain produced plant tissue watersoaking (ptw) on onion tissue, which is a plant disease-associated trait. Using plasposon mutagenesis, mutants in the ptw p...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.186.18.6015-6024.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::LaBrec, Eugene H., Herman Schneider, Thomas J. Magnani, and Samuel B. Formal. Epithelial cell penetration as an essential step in the pathogenesis of bacillary dysentery. J. Bacteriol. 88:1503-1518. 1964.-A parent strain of Shigella flexneri 2a and a colonial mutant derived from it were studied in three animal models....
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.88.5.1503-1518.1964
更新日期:1964-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Energy-coupling factor (ECF) transporters form a large group of vitamin uptake systems in prokaryotes. They are composed of highly diverse, substrate-specific, transmembrane proteins (S units), a ubiquitous transmembrane protein (T unit), and homo- or hetero-oligomeric ABC ATPases. Biotin transporters represent a spec...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00350-13
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorylation of a major 57-kilodalton protein substrate was observed in cell lysates of Spiroplasma melliferum BC3 incubated with [gamma-32P]ATP. Only serine phosphates have been isolated from the acid hydrolysate of the phosphorylated protein. The 57-kilodalton protein substrate was found, to a large extent, in th...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.172.5.2808-2811.1990
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been associated with the acquisition of R plasmids from heterologous organisms. The broad-host-range plasmids of incompatibility groups P (IncP) and Q (IncQ) have played a role in this genetic exchange in nature. We have utilized derivatives of RSF1010 (IncQ) and RP1 ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.18.5793-5799.1991
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A conditional developmental mutant of Mucor racemosus which is capable of oxidative energy metabolism is described. Unlike the wild-type strain the mutant was highly fermentative and exhibited the yeast morphology when grown aerobically in glucose-containing media. The high fermentative activity and yeast morphology u...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.164.3.1049-1056.1985
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endonuclease V is specific for single-stranded DNA or for duplex DNA that contains uracil or that is damaged by a variety of agents (B. Demple and S. Linn, J. Biol. Chem. 257:2848-2855, 1982). Thus, it may be a versatile DNA repair enzyme. The protein was purified to apparent homogeneity, and from its N-terminal seque...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.2.310-316.1997
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Balish, Edward (Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Ill.), and George Svihla. Ultraviolet microscopy of Candida albicans. J. Bacteriol. 92:1812-1820. 1966.-Yeast and mycelial strains of Candida albicans were grown in medium supplemented with sulfur amino acids in an effort to determine factors that control the morph...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.92.6.1812-1820.1966
更新日期:1966-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cores are large, rod-shaped structures that have been found almost exclusively in group D streptococci, measure 0.1 to 0.16 mum in diameter, and extend the width or length of cells. This study has shown that cores are produced in the cells at a reproducible point in early stationary growth after extensive mesosomal fo...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.129.1.445-456.1977
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmid pL32 from the Natto strain of Bacillus subtilis belongs to a group of low-copy-number plasmids in gram-positive bacteria that replicate via a theta mechanism of replication. We studied the DNA region encoding the replication protein, RepN, of pLS32, and obtained the following results. Transcription of the repN...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.187.13.4315-4326.2005
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The diphtheria toxin repressor (DtxR) uses Fe(2+) as a corepressor and inhibits transcription from iron-regulated promoters (IRPs) in Corynebacterium diphtheriae. A new IRP, designated IRP6, was cloned from C. diphtheriae by a SELEX-like procedure. DtxR bound to IRP6 in vitro only in the presence of appropriate divale...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.17.4846-4856.2002
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus subtilis strains carrying div-341 or sacU mutations, or both, have been characterized to reveal the roles of both genes in the initiation of sporulation, as well as in cell division and exoenzyme secretion. Both mutations were closely linked by transformation and caused the pleiotropic effects on sporulation ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.163.2.648-653.1985
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A system for high-level expression of heparinase I, heparinase II, heparinase III, chondroitinase AC, and chondroitinase B in Flavobacterium heparinum is described. hepA, along with its regulatory region, as well as hepB, hepC, cslA, and cslB, cloned downstream of the hepA regulatory region, was integrated in the chro...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.12.3242-3252.2002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrate has been shown to shunt the electron flow in Clostridium thermoaceticum from CO2 to nitrate, but it did not influence the levels of enzymes involved in the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway (J. M. Fröstl, C. Seifritz, and H. L. Drake, J. Bacteriol. 178:4597-4603, 1996). Here we show that under some growth conditions, nit...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.5.1489-1495.1999
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Enterococcus faecalis plasmid pAD1 undergoes conjugative transfer in response to cAD1, a peptide sex pheromone emitted by potential bacterial recipients. Regulation of pAD1 transfer involves a number of plasmid-encoded determinants:iad, which determines a peptide-competitive inhibitor iAD1; signal sensing and tran...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.174.10.3152-3160.1992
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00