Abstract：
:Together with its companion paper, dealing with the contribution of Luigi Galvani to the history of electrophysiology, this article provides a biographical sketch of the scientist of Bologna in the occasion of the bicentenary of his death. Studies on Galvani have focused mainly on his "discovery" of animal electricity, and on the controversy with Alessandro Volta. Much less is known about Galvani's life and activity as a teacher, physician, and researcher in the fields of comparative anatomy, physiology, and chemistry of life. Yet, a balanced assessment of the significance and the role of Galvani's research in the history of science will be possible only after a historical reconstruction of his entire activity. This should take into account aspects of Galvani's life that have been little studied up to now: Galvani's scientific background, the scientific context in which his interest for muscular physiology arose, the interplay between his activity as a researcher and as a physician, the origin and characteristics of his experimental approach to biological studies, and the development of his experimental research in the crucial period culminating in his electrophysiological explanation of muscular motion. The present article aims at offering a contribution in this direction.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Bresadola Mdoi
10.1016/s0361-9230(98)00023-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-07-15 00:00:00pages
367-80issue
5eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
S0361-9230(98)00023-9journal_volume
46pub_type
传,历史文章,杂志文章abstract：:Since the second decade of this century it has been known that opiates can influence ingestive behaviors. Generally, opioid agents enhance feeding and opioid antagonists decrease feeding. The present paper reviews the responsiveness of different animal species to opiates in relation to ingestive behaviors, the opioid ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(85)90116-9
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity, affecting a person's thoughts, behavior, motivation, feelings and sense of well-being, which is associated with dramatical gene expression changes in hippocampus. Rodents induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) demonstrate typical depression-like ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.06.001
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in the central nervous system form highly organized ECM structures around cell somata, axon initial segments, and synapses and play prominent roles in early development by guiding cell migration, neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis, and by regulating closure of the critical period...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.03.003
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinal injuries and diseases are major causes of human disability involving vision impairment by the progressive and permanent loss of retinal neurons. During development, assembly of this tissue entails a successive and overlapping, signal-regulated engagement of complex events that include proliferation of progenit...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.10.016
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulating evidence points to the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide as the culprit in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). β-Site amyloid precursor protein (APP)-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a protease that is responsible for initiating Aβ production. Although precise mechanisms that trigger Aβ accumulation remain unc...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.04.007
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic unit activity and gross movement were recorded from rats during two discrimination reversals in a classical appetitive conditioning situation. The anticipatory movement decreased in response to the former CS+ tone and increased to the previous CS- tone after each reversal. Hippocampus and motor cortex were dif...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(78)90003-5
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GABA(A) receptors are chloride channels in the brain activated by binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Several important classes of drugs, including alcohol and certain antiepileptic drugs, modulate the actions of GABA. We report the sequence and expression of alpha4 subunits of GABA(A) receptors in two inbred s...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(98)00134-8
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scientific reports suggest that the exposure to long-term stressors throughout or during late gestation increase anxiety- and depression-like behaviors of offspring in their later life. Moreover, several studies concluded that increasing age correlates with increased anxiety behaviors in humans and rodents. In the pre...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2011.08.015
更新日期：2012-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Isoflurane (ISO) is an anesthesia and can result in neuron injury. A previous study has indicated that microRNA-302b-3p (miR-302b-3p) exerts a crucial function in modulating cerebral ischemia/reperfusion damage-induced neuronal injury. We sought to examine the role of miR-302b-3p in ISO-induced neuronal injury. In the...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.12.016
更新日期：2020-12-25 00:00:00
abstract：:For further characterization of the olfactory bulb's role in the medication of chronobiological phenomena, we examined basal cyclic- 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) and lateral hippocampus (LHIP) following bilateral olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) to assess the effects of olf...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(91)90219-a
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression is a brain disorder and there is still only a partial understanding of its underlying pathophysiology. Antidepressant medications with a fast onset have not yet been developed. In addition to the monoaminergic systems, the brain glutaminergic system has been implicated in the etiology of depression. Animal ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2012.01.010
更新日期：2012-03-10 00:00:00
abstract：:"Responder" Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats that were sensitive to electroacupuncture (EA) in an acute thermal pain test (i.e. tail flick latency [TFL] test) maintained sensitivity to EA in the warm allodynia test after peripheral nerve injury. Similarly, the "non-responder" SD rats that were insensitive to EA in the TFL tes...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.07.006
更新日期：2007-10-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study investigated whether the raphe neurons which give rise to the transient serotonergic fibers in the visual cortex of neonatal rats persist or disappear as the rats mature. Three experiments were performed employing the WGA-apoHRP-Au retrograde transport technique in conjunction with 5-HT or WGA-HRP im...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(91)90044-k
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various reports have suggested that penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC), a new cholinergic antagonist, exhibits a variety of biological actions such as anti-tumor and cardioprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PHC on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and evaluate whether the c-Jun ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.01.008
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder affected by amyloid and vascular pathogenesis. Brain insulin resistance (BIR) has been suggested as one of the pathomechanisms of sporadic AD. We investigated how the amyloid and vascular pathogenesis of AD interacts with BIR. We examined...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.02.012
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methoxetamine (MXE) is a novel psychoactive compound (NPS) that emerged in 2010 as a substitute for the dissociative anaesthetic ketamine. MXE has a reputation of carrying a lower risk of harm than ketamine, however a number of deaths have been reported. Currently very little is known about the psychopharmacological e...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.05.002
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of intracerebroventricular (ICV) colchicine (70 micrograms per rat) on systolic pressures and levels of hexokinase activity in the hypothalamic paraventricular (PVH) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei were investigated in adult normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). One day after colchicine injec...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(89)90162-7
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain trauma can activate an attenuation of connexin gap junction that is implicated in neuronal injury, but the underlying cellular mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to study whether autophagy, a stress-response process for recycling of intracellular proteins and organelles, is involved in the...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.03.014
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reserpine depletes dopamine (DA) levels and increases tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in the rat corpus striatum. TH is activated not only by enhancement of DA neuronal impulse flow, but also by cessation of impulse flow. To assist in the understanding of the relative contribution of impulse flow to the regulation ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(81)80037-8
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Measurements were made in 29 adult baboons that were housed in social groups, allowing the occurrence of the full range of species-specific behavioral interactions. The cardiovascular variables measured included blood pressure, heart rate, renal blood flow, lower limb blood flow, and occasionally mesenteric blood flow...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00310-5
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many similarities exist between the inhibitory influence of estrogen on food intake (FI) and body weight (BWt) in female rats and the effect of lateral hypothalamic (LH) lesions on energy balance. Thus, a possible interaction of small electrolytic LH lesions (0.8 mA/10 sec) with hormone-dependent changes in FI, BWt an...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(78)90085-0
更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The catecholamines dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as the indoleamine serotonin were measured using radioenzymatic assays, in the frontal cortex of normal rats and of rats in which serotonin synthesis had been inhibited with p-chlorophenylalanine. Besides serotonin, norepinephrine levels were signifi...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(82)90010-7
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GnRH release from hypothalamic explants from young and aged male Wistar-Kyoto rats was evaluated following stimulation with glutamate receptor agonists. Glutamate stimulated GnRH release to a similar extent in hypothalami from young and old animals, whereas N-methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) and kainate appeared more efficac...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(96)00199-2
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of a low protein diet during gestation, lactation, and after weaning on the anatomical development of a subcortical nucleate formation, the neostriatum, and a reticulate formation, the diagonal band of Broca, were studied. At 10, 30, and 90 days the volume of the neostriatum was decreased in the experiment...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(78)90073-4
更新日期：1978-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following main olfactory bulb (MOB) stimulation at frequencies of 0.1-0.3 Hz, in addition to early field potentials, a frequency-sensitive, surface negative late N2 wave (latency range: 63-96 msec) followed occasionally by a late N3 transient, was evoked in the piriform cortex and endopiriform nucleus of the rat. The ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(88)90133-5
更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bilateral inferior olive lesions, produced by systemic administration of the neurotoxin 3-acetylpyridine (3AP) produce a proconvulsant state specific for strychnine-induced seizures and myoclonus. We have proposed that these phenomena are mediated through increased excitation of cerebellar Purkinje cells, through acti...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90118-j
更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been shown that during physiological stimuli, such as dehydration, supraoptic nucleus (SON) neurons undergo profound morphological changes. However, little is known about how much each type of cell, oxytocin (OT) or vasopressin (VP), contributes to this plasticity during dehydration. Using postembedding immunog...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(92)90256-w
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although neural occlusion has been suggested to occur between the central and reflex mechanisms increasing arterial pressure, evidence consistent with this phenomenon is lacking. To assess the possibility of neural occlusion we recorded, in chloralose-anesthetized cats, the pressor responses to statically contracting ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(89)90058-0
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The subparafascicular thalamic nucleus (Spf) contains a substantial number of dopaminergic neurons. The present study was designed to investigate in the rat whether or not Spf neurons projecting to a variety of central nervous system structures are dopaminergic. The following eight structures were tested for projectio...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(93)90191-d
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of separate and simultaneous recombinant bovine (rb) activin A and buserelin administration on the FSH release and pituitary FSH beta subunit gene expression in vivo were examined in ovariectomised, estradiol pretreated rats. The animals received a single injection of either rb activin A (50 ng), buserelin...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00821-3
更新日期：2002-09-15 00:00:00
