Top-down versus bottom-up and the Ruritanian bean bug.

abstract：:Induction of differentiation and apoptosis in cancer cells through ligands of nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) is a novel and promising approach to cancer therapy. All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), an RA receptor-specific NHR ligand, is now used for selective cancers. The NHR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Elstner E,Müller C,Koshizuka K,Williamson EA,Park D,Asou H,Shintaku P,Said JW,Heber D,Koeffler HP

更新日期：1998-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:We have synthesized two sets of 15-base-long oligodeoxyribonucleotides corresponding to all possible coding sequences for a small portion of human beta 2-microglobulin. Labeled oligonucleotides were used as hybridization probes to screen bacterial clones containing cDNA sequences primed with oligo(dT) and inserted int...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suggs SV,Wallace RB,Hirose T,Kawashima EH,Itakura K

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are numerous studies on the immune response against malignant human tumors. This study was aimed to address the complexity and specificity of humoral immune response against a benign human tumor. We assembled a panel of 62 meningioma-expressed antigens that show reactivity with serum antibodies of meningioma pat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Comtesse N,Zippel A,Walle S,Monz D,Backes C,Fischer U,Mayer J,Ludwig N,Hildebrandt A,Keller A,Steudel WI,Lenhof HP,Meese E

更新日期：2005-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenosine, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, monobutyryl cyclic AMP, cyclic AMP, and 5'-AMP have a remarkable morphogenetic effect on cultured iris epithelial cells obtained from adult newt. They alter the broad undulating membrane of the cell into branching strands of cytoplasm, a configuration that has been named "stellate." Th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ortiz JR,Yamada T,Hsie AW

更新日期：1973-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a technology for analysis and sorting of live cells according to secreted molecules. An artificial affinity matrix, specific for the secreted product of interest, is created on the cell surface, and the cells are allowed to secrete for a defined time period. The secreted molecules bind to the affinit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Manz R,Assenmacher M,Pflüger E,Miltenyi S,Radbruch A

更新日期：1995-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor zinc-finger protein Miz1 represses TNF-α-induced JNK activation and the repression is relieved upon TNF-α stimulation. However, the underlying mechanism is incompletely understood. Here we report that Miz1 interferes with the ubiquitin conjugating enzyme (E2) Ubc13 for binding to the RING doma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Yan J,Jiang S,Wen J,Chen L,Zhao Y,Lin A

更新日期：2012-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to grow the marine molluse Aplysia under laboratory conditions allows a detailed study of the formation of the nervous system and of the development of specific identified cells. I have found that the ganglia develop in a specific temporal order. Cerebral and pedal ganglia develop at hatching, the abdomina...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kriegstein AR

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) plays a critical role in the maintenance of the outer retina. RPE cell death or dysfunction drives the pathophysiology of many retinal diseases, but the physiological response of the retina to RPE cell loss is poorly understood, mainly because of the absence of suitable experimenta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Longbottom R,Fruttiger M,Douglas RH,Martinez-Barbera JP,Greenwood J,Moss SE

更新日期：2009-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Topological state of matter and lithium batteries are currently two hot topics in science and technology. Here we combine these two by exploring the possibility of using all-carbon-based porous topological semimetal for lithium battery anode material. Based on density-functional theory and the cluster-expansion method...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Wang S,Sun Q

更新日期：2017-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:For centuries, traditional agricultural systems have contributed to food and livelihood security throughout the world. Recognizing the ecological legacy in the traditional agricultural systems may help us develop novel sustainable agriculture. We examine how rice-fish coculture (RF), which has been designated a "globa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie J,Hu L,Tang J,Wu X,Li N,Yuan Y,Yang H,Zhang J,Luo S,Chen X

更新日期：2011-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Research has previously shown that, without methionine supplements, neural tube proteins of rat embryos cultured on bovine sera were hypomethylated and neural tubes failed to close. In the present study, to identify the proteins that became methylated during neurulation, rat embryos were first cultured on methionine-d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Moephuli SR,Klein NW,Baldwin MT,Krider HM

更新日期：1997-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The structures of the major folding intermediate, the transition state for folding, and the folded state of barnase have been previously characterized. We now add a further step toward a complete picture of the folding of barnase by reporting the backbone 15N, 13C, and 1H NMR assignments for barnase unfolded at pH 1.8...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arcus VL,Vuilleumier S,Freund SM,Bycroft M,Fersht AR

更新日期：1994-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian SWI/SNF [also called BAF (Brg/Brahma-associated factors)] ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes are essential for formation of the totipotent and pluripotent cells of the early embryo. In addition, subunits of this complex have been recovered in screens for genes required for nuclear reprogramming in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ho L,Ronan JL,Wu J,Staahl BT,Chen L,Kuo A,Lessard J,Nesvizhskii AI,Ranish J,Crabtree GR

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence suggests that α-synuclein (α-syn) occurs physiologically as a helically folded tetramer that resists aggregation. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of formation of α-syn tetramers are still mostly unknown. Cellular membrane lipids are thought to play an important role in the regul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim S,Yun SP,Lee S,Umanah GE,Bandaru VVR,Yin X,Rhee P,Karuppagounder SS,Kwon SH,Lee H,Mao X,Kim D,Pandey A,Lee G,Dawson VL,Dawson TM,Ko HS

更新日期：2018-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism by which all eukaryotic cells adapt to the accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Inositol-requiring kinase 1 (IRE1) and PKR-related ER kinase (PERK) are two type I transmembrane ER-localized protein kinase recep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou J,Liu CY,Back SH,Clark RL,Peisach D,Xu Z,Kaufman RJ

更新日期：2006-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Seamless and minimally invasive integration of 3D electronic circuitry within host materials could enable the development of materials systems that are self-monitoring and allow for communication with external environments. Here, we report a general strategy for preparing ordered 3D interconnected and addressable macr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Xie C,Dai X,Jin L,Zhou W,Lieber CM

更新日期：2013-04-23 00:00:00

abstract：:2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate) (dATP[alpha S]) was introduced into the 3' ends of DNA restriction fragments with Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I to give phosphorothioate internucleotide linkages. Such "capped" 3' ends were found to be resistant to exonuclease III digestion. Moreover, the resistance to d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Putney SD,Benkovic SJ,Schimmel PR

更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genes that are unexpressed in somatic cells have been activated by injecting cultured cell nuclei of the frog Xenopus laevis into oocytes of the newt Pleurodeles waltlii. The genes that were activated are normally expressed in oocytes but not in cultured cells. Conversely, genes that are normally expressed in cultured...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Robertis EM,Gurdon JB

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An automatic protein design procedure is used to select amino acid sequences that optimize the folding free energy function for a given protein. The only information used in designing the sequences is a set of known backbone structures for each protein, a rotamer library, and a well established classical empirical for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jaramillo A,Wernisch L,Héry S,Wodak SJ

更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ultraviolet irradiation of the [3H]colchicine-tubulin complex leads to direct photolabeling of tubulin with low but practicable efficiency. The bulk (70% to greater than 90%) of the labeling occurs on beta-tubulin and appears early after irradiation, whereas alpha-tubulin is labeled later. The labeling ratio of beta-t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolff J,Knipling L,Cahnmann HJ,Palumbo G

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNase I hypersensitive regions were mapped within the 17.3-kilobase qa (quinic acid) gene cluster of Neurospora crassa. The 5'-flanking regions of the five qa structural genes and the two qa regulatory genes each contain DNase I hypersensitive sites under noninducing conditions and generally exhibit increases in DNase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baum JA,Giles NH

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical and experimental observations indicate a role for VEGF secreted by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the maintenance of the choriocapillaris (CC). VEGF in mice is produced as three isoforms, VEGF120, VEGF164, and VEGF188, that differ in their ability to bind heparan sulfate proteoglycan. RPE normally pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saint-Geniez M,Kurihara T,Sekiyama E,Maldonado AE,D'Amore PA

更新日期：2009-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Aluminum (Al) is the most abundant metal in the Earth's crust, but its trivalent ionic form is highly toxic to all organisms at low concentrations. How Al enters cells has not been elucidated in any organisms. Herein, we report a transporter, Nrat1 (Nramp aluminum transporter 1), specific for trivalent Al ion in rice....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xia J,Yamaji N,Kasai T,Ma JF

更新日期：2010-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Intramembrane proteolysis is a new paradigm in biology that controls signaling events throughout evolution. Hydrolysis of peptide bonds is thought to occur within the normally hydrophobic membrane environment, but insights into this unusual activity have been lacking because of difficulty in recapitulating activity in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Urban S,Wolfe MS

更新日期：2005-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribosome crystal structures have revealed that two small subunit proteins, S9 and S13, have C-terminal tails, which, together with several features of 16S rRNA, contact the anticodon stem-loop of P-site tRNA. To test the functional importance of these protein tails, we created genomic deletions of the C-terminal regio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hoang L,Fredrick K,Noller HF

更新日期：2004-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct visualization of genomic loci in the 3D nucleus is important for understanding the spatial organization of the genome and its association with gene expression. Various DNA FISH methods have been developed in the past decades, all involving denaturing dsDNA and hybridizing fluorescent nucleic acid probes. Here w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Deng W,Shi X,Tjian R,Lionnet T,Singer RH

更新日期：2015-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to regulate gene expression through transcription initiation underlies the adaptability and survival of all bacteria. Recent work has revealed that the transcription machinery in many bacteria diverges from the paradigm that has been established in Escherichia coliMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) encodes t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu DX,Garner AL,Galburt EA,Stallings CL

更新日期：2019-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:We explore the question of what are the best ligands for macromolecular targets. A survey of experimental data on a large number of the strongest-binding ligands indicates that the free energy of binding increases with the number of nonhydrogen atoms with an initial slope of approximately -1.5 kcal/mol (1 cal = 4.18 J...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kuntz ID,Chen K,Sharp KA,Kollman PA

更新日期：1999-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well known from Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons" [Hardin G (1968) Science 162:1243-1248] that, if open access is allowed, overgrazing typically results. Hardin, and most authors of the subsequent literature, adopted a static view of the underlying ecosystem. Here we extend this tragedy of the commons to conside...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brekke KA,Øksendal B,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2007-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Bovine milk lipoprotein lipase was subjected to amino acid sequence analysis. The first 19 amino-terminal residues were Asp-Arg-Ile-Thr-Gly-Gly-Lys-Asp-Phe-Arg-Asp-Ile-Glu-Ser-Lys-Phe-Ala-Leu- Arg. In addition, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of a tryptic digest of reduced and alkylated lipase re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ben-Avram CM,Ben-Zeev O,Lee TD,Haaga K,Shively JE,Goers J,Pedersen ME,Reeve JR Jr,Schotz MC

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00