Abstract:
:A central event in the eukaryotic cell cycle is the decision to commence DNA replication (S phase). Strict controls normally operate to prevent repeated rounds of DNA replication without intervening mitoses ("endoreplication") or initiation of mitosis before DNA is fully replicated ("mitotic catastrophe"). Some of the genetic interactions involved in these controls have recently been identified in yeast. From this evidence we propose a molecular mechanism of "Start" control in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Using established principles of biochemical kinetics, we compare the properties of this model in detail with the observed behavior of various mutant strains of fission yeast: wee1(-) (size control at Start), cdc13Delta and rum1(OP) (endoreplication), and wee1(-) rum1Delta (rapid division cycles of diminishing cell size). We discuss essential features of the mechanism that are responsible for characteristic properties of Start control in fission yeast, to expose our proposal to crucial experimental tests.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Novak B,Tyson JJdoi
10.1073/pnas.94.17.9147subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-08-19 00:00:00pages
9147-52issue
17eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
94pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A cDNA containing the full coding region of human cytochrome b5 was inserted into a vaccinia virus cDNA expression vector. Infection of human thymidine kinase-minus (TK-) 143 cells in culture with this recombinant virus resulted in production of 0.3 nmol of cytochrome b5 per mg of cell lysate protein. The expressed cy...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.14.5425
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a tightly coupled bidirectional interaction between visual cortex and visual thalamus [lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)]. Using drifting sinusoidal grating stimuli, we compared the response of cells in the LGN with and without feedback from the visual cortex. Raster plots revealed a striking difference in the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0609318104
更新日期:2007-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represents a serious threat to the health of hospitalized patients. Attempts to reduce the spread of MRSA have largely depended on hospital hygiene and patient isolation. These measures have met with mixed success: although some countries have almost eliminated MRSA o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0401324101
更新日期:2004-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::To identify proteins that regulate the transcriptional activity of c-Jun, we have used the yeast two-hybrid screen to detect mammalian polypeptides that might interact functionally with the N-terminal segment of c-Jun, a known regulatory region. Among the proteins identified is a short form of Stat3 (designated Stat3 ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.20.9097
更新日期:1995-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::The 3' flanking region of the apolipoprotein B (apoB) gene contains a hypervariable region consisting of a variable number of tandemly repeated short A + T-rich DNA sequences (VNTRs). We present a general method that utilizes the polymerase chain reaction to rapidly and accurately type this and other VNTR loci. We use...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.1.212
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Particular major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles clearly contribute to T cell-mediated autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) in both humans and nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. However, studies in NOD mice indicate MHC class I-restricted T cell responses are also essential to T1D development. In humans, epid...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.212221199
更新日期:2002-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelin 1 causes a strong Ca2+ signal in C6 rat glioma cells as measured by fura-2 fluorescence. This endothelin 1-induced Ca2+ signal was not observed when the cells were persistently infected with a measles virus strain of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE, strain Lec). Binding of 125I-labeled endothelin ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.15.6736
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulitis and islet β-cell loss. Thus, an effective therapy may require β-cell restoration and immune suppression. Currently, there is no treatment that can achieve both goals efficiently. We report here that GABA exerts antidiabetic effects by acting on ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1102715108
更新日期:2011-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::Here, the ATP-binding, ATP hydrolysis, mispair-binding, sliding clamp formation, and Mlh1-Pms1 complex interaction properties of dominant mutant Msh2-Msh6 complexes have been characterized. The results demonstrate two mechanisms for dominance. In one, seen with the Msh6-S1036P and Msh6-G1067D mutant complexes, the mut...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0510078103
更新日期:2006-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Defined by monoclonal antibody GA733, the GA733-2 antigen is a cell surface 40-kDa glycoprotein associated with human carcinomas of various origins. Molecular clones for the GA733-2 antigen were isolated from a colorectal carcinoma cell line cDNA library using the high-efficiency COS cell expression system. A 1.4-kilo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.9.3542
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated a major integral membrane protein from Golgi-derived coatomer-coated vesicles. This 24-kDa protein, p24, defines a family of integral membrane proteins with homologs present in yeast and humans. In addition to sequence similarity, all p24 family members contain a motif with the characteristic heptad r...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.17.8011
更新日期:1995-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The existence and neuroanatomical locations of separate extrastriate visual pathways for object recognition and spatial localization were investigated in healthy young men. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured by positron emission tomography and bolus injections of H2(15)O, while subjects performed face matching,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.5.1621
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans' remarkable ability to quickly and accurately discriminate among thousands of highly similar complex objects demands rapid and precise neural computations. To elucidate the process by which this is achieved, we used magnetoencephalography to measure spatiotemporal patterns of neural activity with high temporal ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1614763114
更新日期:2017-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) has been associated with a variety of human diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Crohn's disease, whereas LRRK2 deficiency leads to accumulation of abnormal lysosomes in aged animals. However, the cellular roles and mechanisms of LRRK2-mediated lysosomal regulation have rema...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1812196115
更新日期:2018-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of core histones in the regulation of DNA function by chromatin is clear. However, little is known about the role of the linker histone. We investigated the role of H1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during extensive transcriptional reprogramming in stationary phase. Although the levels of linker histone Hh...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0806337105
更新日期:2008-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::cDNA coding for protein C has been cloned from a bovine liver library in plasmid vector pBR322 and its sequence has been determined. Two overlapping clones code for the entire light and heavy chains of the mature protein, as well as a previously unreported connecting dipeptide (Lys-Arg) and a 39-amino acid leader pept...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.18.5653
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to colored slides contained a late positive component that was significantly enhanced when adults recognized the person, place, or painting in the photograph. Additionally, two late components change in amplitude, corresponding to the amount of surprise reported. Because subjects ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.6.2121
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mononucleated myogenic cells from 11-day-old chicken embryos were infected with tsLA24 or tsNY68, temperature-sensitive transformation mutants of Rous sarcoma virus. The infected mononucleated myogenic cells were incubated at the nonpermissive temperature (41 degrees C) and allowed to develop into multinucleated myotu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.75.11.5501
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Death of pancreatic β cells is a pathological hallmark of type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the molecular mechanisms of β cell death and its regulation are poorly understood. Here we describe a unique regulatory pathway of β cell death that comprises microRNA-21, its target tumor suppressor PDCD4, and its upstream trans...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1101450108
更新日期:2011-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::The major cell surface glycoconjugate of Leishmania major, a putative parasite receptor for macrophages, is a lipophosphoglycan containing 81.6% (wt/wt) carbohydrate, 17.0% (wt/wt) phosphate, and 1.4% (wt/wt) lipid. It has been purified to homogeneity by hydrophobic chromatography and consists of a polydisperse family...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.24.8941
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Homeostasis of intravascular volume, Na(+), Cl(-), and K(+) is interdependent and determined by the coordinated activities of structurally diverse mediators in the distal nephron and the distal colon. The behavior of these flux pathways is regulated by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; however, the mechanisms ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0611727104
更新日期:2007-03-06 00:00:00
abstract::The superior colliculus (SC) is part of a network of brain areas that directs saccadic eye movements, overtly shifting both gaze and attention from position to position, in space. Here, we seek direct evidence that the SC also contributes to the control of covert spatial attention, a process that focuses attention on ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0408311101
更新日期:2005-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::The transition from a human diet based exclusively on wild plants and animals to one involving dependence on domesticated plants and animals beginning 10,000 to 11,000 y ago in Southwest Asia set into motion a series of profound health, lifestyle, social, and economic changes affecting human populations throughout mos...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1904345116
更新日期:2019-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous circadian rhythms have been described in a wide range of organisms from prokaryotes to man. Although basic circadian mechanisms at the molecular level are genetically fixed, certain properties of circadian rhythms at the organismic level can be modified by environmental conditions and subsequently retained ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.200354997
更新日期:2000-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Eye blinking is one of the most frequent human actions. The control of blinking is thought to reflect complex interactions between maintaining clear and healthy vision and influences tied to central dopaminergic functions including cognitive states, psychological factors, and medical conditions. The most imminent cons...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1714220115
更新日期:2018-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Nannofossils section sign here described are from the middle Proterozoic Paradise Creek Formation, along Paradise Creek in northwestern Queensland, Australia. These fossils, in chert blebs associated with branched stromatolites, comprise cubic colonies analogous to living Eucapsis, a member of the blue-green algal fam...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.62.1.56
更新日期:1969-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The virulent properties of the common human and livestock pathogen Clostridium perfringens are attributable to a formidable battery of toxins. Among these are a number of large and highly modular carbohydrate-active enzymes, including the mu-toxin and sialidases, whose catalytic properties are consistent with degradat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0803154105
更新日期:2008-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Gene regulation by imposed localization was studied by using designed zinc finger proteins that bind 18-bp DNA sequences in the 5' untranslated regions of the protooncogenes erbB-2 and erbB-3. Transcription factors were generated by fusion of the DNA-binding proteins to repression or activation domains. When introduce...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.040552697
更新日期:2000-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The oxidative capacity of cat skeletal muscles (soleus, gracilis, and gracilis chronically stimulated for 28 days) was derived from the total mitochondrial content in the muscle, the surface area of mitochondrial inner membranes, and respiratory activities of isolated mitochondria. Mitochondrial content was estimated ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.5.1583
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identifying the downstream targets of microRNAs (miRNAs) is essential to understanding cellular regulatory networks. We devised a direct biochemical method for miRNA target discovery that combined RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) purification with microarray analysis of bound mRNAs. Because targets of miR-124a hav...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0709971104
更新日期:2007-12-04 00:00:00