Lipophosphoglycan of Leishmania major that vaccinates against cutaneous leishmaniasis contains an alkylglycerophosphoinositol lipid anchor.

abstract：:A combined genetic, biochemical, and immunological approach has clarified structural relationships involving the first three enzymes of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. A procedure involving antibody and protein A-Sepharose was used to isolate the enzymes carbamoyl-phosphate synthase [ATP:carbamate phosphotransferase ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davidson JN,Patterson D

更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The conversion of light energy into ion gradients across biological membranes is one of the most fundamental reactions in primary biological energy transduction. Recently, the structure of the first light-activated Na+ pump, Krokinobacter eikastus rhodopsin 2 (KR2), was resolved at atomic resolution [Kato HE, et al. (...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suomivuori CM,Gamiz-Hernandez AP,Sundholm D,Kaila VRI

更新日期：2017-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular granules in several types of leukocytes contain preformed proteins whose secretions contribute to immune and inflammatory functions of leukocytes, including eosinophils, cells notably associated with asthma, allergic inflammation, and helminthic infections. Cytokines and chemokines typically elicit extra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Neves JS,Perez SA,Spencer LA,Melo RC,Reynolds L,Ghiran I,Mahmudi-Azer S,Odemuyiwa SO,Dvorak AM,Moqbel R,Weller PF

更新日期：2008-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Whereas all mammals have one glutamate dehydrogenase gene (GLUD1), humans and apes carry an additional gene (GLUD2), which encodes an enzyme with distinct biochemical properties. We inserted a bacterial artificial chromosome containing the human GLUD2 gene into mice and analyzed the resulting changes in the transcript...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Q,Guo S,Jiang X,Bryk J,Naumann R,Enard W,Tomita M,Sugimoto M,Khaitovich P,Pääbo S

更新日期：2016-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the F-specific ssRNA phage MS2 has long had paradigm status, little is known about penetration of the genomic RNA (gRNA) into the cell. The phage initially binds to the F-pilus using its maturation protein (Mat), and then the Mat-bound gRNA is released from the viral capsid and somehow crosses the bacterial e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Harb L,Chamakura K,Khara P,Christie PJ,Young R,Zeng L

更新日期：2020-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The high excitation energy-transfer efficiency demanded in photosynthetic organisms relies on the optimal pigment-protein binding orientation in the individual protein complexes and also on the overall architecture of the photosystem. In green sulfur bacteria, the membrane-attached Fenna-Matthews-Olson (FMO) antenna p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wen J,Zhang H,Gross ML,Blankenship RE

更新日期：2009-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Mapping biological pathways across microbial genomes is a highly important technique in functional studies of biological systems. Existing methods mainly rely on sequence-based orthologous gene mapping, which often leads to suboptimal mapping results because sequence-similarity information alone does not contain suffi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mao F,Su Z,Olman V,Dam P,Liu Z,Xu Y

更新日期：2006-01-03 00:00:00

abstract：:We explored the conformational landscape of the proteinogenic amino acid serine [CH(2)OH CH(NH(2)) COOH] in the gas phase. Solid serine was vaporized by laser ablation, expanded in a supersonic jet, and characterized by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. In the isolation conditions of the jet there have been di...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blanco S,Sanz ME,López JC,Alonso JL

更新日期：2007-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure of the gene encoding human hexabrachion (tenascin) has been determined from overlapping clones isolated from a human genomic bacteriophage library. The genomic inserts were characterized by restriction mapping, Southern blot analysis, PCR, and DNA sequencing. The coding region of the hexabrachion gene sp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gulcher JR,Nies DE,Alexakos MJ,Ravikant NA,Sturgill ME,Marton LS,Stefansson K

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We established stable COS-7 cell lines overexpressing recombinant PTPMEG and an inactive mutant form in which the active site cysteine is mutated to serine (PTPMEGCS). We found that both endogenous and recombinant enzyme were primarily located in the membrane and cytoskeletal fractions of COS-7 cells. Endogenous PTPME...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gu M,Meng K,Majerus PW

更新日期：1996-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:By employing the nuclear DNA of the African rice Oryza glaberrima as a reference genome, the timing, natures, mechanisms, and specificities of recent sequence evolution in the indica and japonica subspecies of Oryza sativa were identified. The data indicate that the genome sizes of both indica and japonica have increa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma J,Bennetzen JL

更新日期：2004-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of murine hepatoma (Hepa 1c1c7) cells to a variety of chemical agents known to protect animals against the neoplastic, mutagenic, and other toxic effects of chemical carcinogens results in dose- and time-dependent inductions of NAD(P)H:quinone reductase (EC 1.6.99.2). This enzyme protects against quinone toxi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： De Long MJ,Prochaska HJ,Talalay P

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network is crucial for cellular information processing and decision-making. With suitable inputs, PPI networks drive the cells to diverse functional outcomes such as cell proliferation or cell death. Here, we characterize the structural controllability of a large directed human PP...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vinayagam A,Gibson TE,Lee HJ,Yilmazel B,Roesel C,Hu Y,Kwon Y,Sharma A,Liu YY,Perrimon N,Barabási AL

更新日期：2016-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Early acquisition of mate preferences or mate-preference learning is associated with signal diversity and speciation in a wide variety of animal species. However, the diversity of mechanisms of mate-preference learning across taxa remains poorly understood. Using the butterfly Bicyclus anynana we uncover a mechanism t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Westerman EL,Hodgins-Davis A,Dinwiddie A,Monteiro A

更新日期：2012-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Not having enough of what one needs has long been shown to have detrimental consequences for decision making. Recent work suggests that the experience of insufficient resources can create a "scarcity" mindset; increasing attention toward the scarce resource itself, but at the cost of attention for unrelated aspects. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huijsmans I,Ma I,Micheli L,Civai C,Stallen M,Sanfey AG

更新日期：2019-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Volcanic eruptions caused major weather and climatic changes on timescales ranging from hours to centuries in the past. Volcanic particles are injected in the atmosphere both as primary particles rapidly deposited due to their large sizes on time scales of minutes to a few weeks in the troposphere, and secondary parti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boulon J,Sellegri K,Hervo M,Laj P

更新日期：2011-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:A vaccine capable of stimulating protective antiviral antibody responses is needed to curtail the global AIDS epidemic caused by HIV-1. Although rarely elicited during the course of natural infection or upon conventional vaccination, the membrane-proximal ectodomain region (MPER) of the HIV-1 glycoprotein of M(r) 41,0...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Song L,Sun ZY,Coleman KE,Zwick MB,Gach JS,Wang JH,Reinherz EL,Wagner G,Kim M

更新日期：2009-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Site-directed spin labeling EPR (SDSL-EPR) was used to determine the structure of the inhibitory region of TnI in the intact cardiac troponin ternary complex. Maeda and collaborators have modeled the inhibitory region of TnI (skeletal 96-112: the structural motif that communicates the Ca(2+) signal to actin) as a kink...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brown LJ,Sale KL,Hills R,Rouviere C,Song L,Zhang X,Fajer PG

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male mice were injected intraperitoneally with 125 microCi (1 Ci = 3.7 X 10(10) becquerels) of [3H]thymidine at 1-hr intervals and killed 1 hr after the second injection. Testes were prepared for bright-field and electron microscopic autoradiography. Primary spermatocytes, identified by light microscopy to be at the p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grell RF,Oakberg EF,Generoso EE

更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We present data that demonstrate that three MR elements isolated from wild populations of Drosophila melanogaster on two continents can cause large deletions of the X chromosome in males. The deleted chromosomes, termed mini-X chromosomes, are induced at a frequency of approximately 1:4000 in chromosomes that are init...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Green MM,Yamamoto MT,Miklos GL

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone mRNAs are naturally intronless and accumulate efficiently in the cytoplasm. To learn whether there are cis-acting sequences within histone genes that allow efficient cytoplasmic accumulation of RNAs, we made recombinant constructs in which sequences from the mouse H2a gene were cloned into a human beta-globin ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang Y,Carmichael GG

更新日期：1997-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Movement over and colonization of surfaces are important survival strategies for bacteria, and many find it advantageous to perform these activities as a group, using quorum sensing to sample population size and synchronize behavior. It is puzzling however, that swarming-proficient and virulent strains of Vibrio parah...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Trimble MJ,McCarter LL

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antigenic mosaic of the Archaebacterium Methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum, strain delta H, was analyzed with a panel of six monoclonal antibodies. Five antigenic determinants were identified. One contains N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, another contains N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, and a third contains gamma-glutamylalani...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Conway de Macario E,Macario AJ,Magariños MC,König H,Kandler O

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:If, because of trade-offs or similar considerations, components of fitness are negatively correlated in equilibrium populations, they may then exhibit no correlation with total fitness. Lack of correlation with fitness is a fundamental characteristic of selective neutrality. Hence, selectively important traits become ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reeve R,Smith E,Wallace B

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Actin-myosin (actomyosin) generates mechanical force by consuming ATP molecules. We apply the energy landscape perspective to address a controversial issue as to whether the myosin head moves with multiple steps after a single ATP hydrolysis or only a single mechanical event of the lever-arm swinging follows a single ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Terada TP,Sasai M,Yomo T

更新日期：2002-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The differentiation of skeletal myoblasts is characterized by permanent withdrawal from the cell cycle and fusion into multinucleated myotubes. Muscle cell survival is critically dependent on the ability of cells to respond to oxidative stress. Base excision repair (BER) is the main repair mechanism of oxidative DNA d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Narciso L,Fortini P,Pajalunga D,Franchitto A,Liu P,Degan P,Frechet M,Demple B,Crescenzi M,Dogliotti E

更新日期：2007-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change is expected to alter the distribution and abundance of many species. Predictions of climate-induced population extinctions are supported by geographic range shifts that correspond to climatic warming, but few extinctions have been linked mechanistically to climate change. Here we show that extinctions o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McLaughlin JF,Hellmann JJ,Boggs CL,Ehrlich PR

更新日期：2002-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:A sensitive test for kinetic unfolding intermediates in ribonuclease A (EC 3.1.27.5) is performed under conditions where the enzyme unfolds slowly (10 degrees C, pH 8.0, 4.5 M guanidinium chloride). Exchange of peptide NH protons (2H-1H) is used to monitor structural opening of individual hydrogen bonds during unfoldi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kiefhaber T,Baldwin RL

更新日期：1995-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Bright, photostable, and nontoxic fluorescent contrast agents are critical for biological imaging. "Self-healing" dyes, in which triplet states are intramolecularly quenched, enable fluorescence imaging by increasing fluorophore brightness and longevity, while simultaneously reducing the generation of reactive oxygen ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pati AK,El Bakouri O,Jockusch S,Zhou Z,Altman RB,Fitzgerald GA,Asher WB,Terry DS,Borgia A,Holsey MD,Batchelder JE,Abeywickrama C,Huddle B,Rufa D,Javitch JA,Ottosson H,Blanchard SC

更新日期：2020-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:In the course of scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy caused by an unconventional agent, a normal cellular protein is converted to an abnormal form that copurifies with infectivity and aggregates to form deposits of amyloid. We have used immunocytochemistry and methods that enhance detection of amyloidog...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Diedrich JF,Bendheim PE,Kim YS,Carp RI,Haase AT

更新日期：1991-01-15 00:00:00