A natural classification of the basic helix-loop-helix class of transcription factors.

abstract：:In vivo electroporation is a powerful technique for the introduction of genes into organisms. Temporal and spatial regulation of expression of introduced genes, or of RNAi, would further enhance the utility of this method. Here we demonstrate conditional regulation of gene expression from electroporated plasmids in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matsuda T,Cepko CL

更新日期：2007-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Profilin1, a ubiquitously expressed actin-binding protein, plays a critical role in cell migration through actin cytoskeletal regulation. Given the traditional view of profilin1 as a promigratory molecule, it is difficult to reconcile observations that profilin1 is down-regulated in various invasive adenocarcinomas an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bae YH,Ding Z,Das T,Wells A,Gertler F,Roy P

更新日期：2010-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:An mRNA fraction coding for hexon polypeptide, the major virion structural protein, was purified by gel electrophoresis from extracts of adenovirus 2-infected cells late in the lytic cycle. The mRNA sequences in this fraction were mapped between 51.7 and 61.3 units on the genome by visualizing RNA-DNA hybrids in the e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berget SM,Moore C,Sharp PA

更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcific aortic valve disease is a chronic inflammatory process, and aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs) from diseased aortic valves express greater levels of osteogenic factors in response to proinflammatory stimulation. Here, we report that lower cellular levels of IL-37 in AVICs of diseased human aortic valves ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zeng Q,Song R,Fullerton DA,Ao L,Zhai Y,Li S,Ballak DB,Cleveland JC Jr,Reece TB,McKinsey TA,Xu D,Dinarello CA,Meng X

更新日期：2017-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Because of increased numbers of recorded pertussis cases in the United States, this study sought to understand the role of nonmedical vaccine exemptions and waning immunity may have had on the resurgence of pertussis in the United States at the community level. We used geospatial scan statistics, SaTScan, version 9.4,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aloe C,Kulldorff M,Bloom BR

更新日期：2017-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Tropical forests hold most of Earth's biodiversity. Their continued loss through deforestation and agriculture is the main threat to species globally, more than disease, invasive species, and climate change. However, not all tropical forests have the same ability to sustain biodiversity. Those that have been disturbed...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hedges SB,Cohen WB,Timyan J,Yang Z

更新日期：2018-11-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA-binding protein CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and the cohesin complex function together to shape chromatin architecture in mammalian cells, but the molecular details of this process remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that a 79-aa region within the CTCF N terminus is essential for cohesin positioning at CTCF bi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pugacheva EM,Kubo N,Loukinov D,Tajmul M,Kang S,Kovalchuk AL,Strunnikov AV,Zentner GE,Ren B,Lobanenkov VV

更新日期：2020-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic mutation and neoplastic transformation of diploid Syrian hamster embryo cells were examined concomitantly. Mutations induced by benzo[a]pyrene and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine were quantitated at the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and Na(+)/K(+) ATPase loci and compared to phenotypic transforma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barrett JC,Ts'o PO

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is a key regulator of membrane fluidity, turns over rapidly, and represents a model for selective degradation of short-lived proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The mechanism whereby specific ER proteins are targeted for degradation in the midst of stable proteins coexisting in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mziaut H,Korza G,Ozols J

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rat liver membrane adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1) that has been stimulated more than 10-fold by cholera toxin (choleragen) has a 3-fold greater sensitivity to stimulation by glucagon. Choleragen similarly increases the sensitivity of cyclase to other peptide (ACTH, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide) and nonpeptide (ca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bennett V,O'Keefe E,Cuatrecasaş P

更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Avian reovirus S1133 penetrates and uncoats in suspension cultures of mouse L cells. The multiple species of viral transcripts are produced in the cytoplasm of the infected cell, but they fail to associate with polysomes, consistent with the absence of viral protein synthesis. The selective block in avian virus mRNA t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benavente J,Shatkin AJ

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied the effect of N-cadherin, and its free or membrane-anchored cytoplasmic domain, on the level and localization of beta-catenin and on its ability to induce lymphocyte enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF-1)-responsive transactivation. These cadherin derivatives formed complexes with beta-catenin and protected it f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sadot E,Simcha I,Shtutman M,Ben-Ze'ev A,Geiger B

更新日期：1998-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:We extend and apply theories of filled foam elasticity and failure to recently available data on foods. The predictions of elastic modulus and failure mode dependence on internal pressure and on wall integrity are borne out by photographic evidence of distortion and failure under compressive loading and under the loca...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Warner M,Thiel BL,Donald AM

更新日期：2000-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The CD4 receptor contributes to T-cell activation by coligating major histocompatibility complex class II on antigen presenting cells with the T-cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex, and triggering a cascade of signaling events including tyrosine phosphorylation of intracellular proteins. Paradoxically, CD3 cross-linking p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Desbarats J,Freed JH,Campbell PA,Newell MK

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two molecular forms of pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (PP(i)-PFK; pyrophosphate:D-fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase; EC 2.7.1.90) have been found whose activity depends upon association and dissociation characteristics regulated by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P(2)). PP(i)-PFK was purified 2...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu MX,Smyth DA,Black CC

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of familial Alzheimer disease mutations are linked to the recently cloned presenilin (PS) genes, which encode two highly homologous proteins (PS-1 and PS-2). It was shown that the full-length PS-2 protein is phosphorylated constitutively within its N-terminal domain by casein kinases, whereas the PS-1 pro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Walter J,Grünberg J,Capell A,Pesold B,Schindzielorz A,Citron M,Mendla K,George-Hyslop PS,Multhaup G,Selkoe DJ,Haass C

更新日期：1997-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite being a fundamental electronic component for over 70 years, it is still possible to develop different transistor designs, including the addition of a diode-like Schottky source electrode to thin-film transistors. The discovery of a dependence of the source barrier height on the semiconductor thickness and deri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang J,Wilson J,Auton G,Wang Y,Xu M,Xin Q,Song A

更新日期：2019-03-12 00:00:00

abstract：:For centuries ecologists have studied how the diversity and functional traits of plant and animal communities vary across biomes. In contrast, we have only just begun exploring similar questions for soil microbial communities despite soil microbes being the dominant engines of biogeochemical cycles and a major pool of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fierer N,Leff JW,Adams BJ,Nielsen UN,Bates ST,Lauber CL,Owens S,Gilbert JA,Wall DH,Caporaso JG

更新日期：2012-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Figs (Ficus spp., Moraceae) and their pollinating wasps (Agaonidae, Chalcidoidea) constitute perhaps the most tightly integrated pollination mutualism that is known. Figs are characterized by extraordinarily high global and local species diversity. It has been proposed that the diversification of this mutualism has oc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Machado CA,Robbins N,Gilbert MT,Herre EA

更新日期：2005-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Linear growth delay (stunting) affects roughly 155 million children under the age of 5 years worldwide. Treatment has been limited by a lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Stunting is most likely associated with changes in the microbial community of the small intestine, a compartment...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vonaesch P,Morien E,Andrianonimiadana L,Sanke H,Mbecko JR,Huus KE,Naharimanananirina T,Gondje BP,Nigatoloum SN,Vondo SS,Kaleb Kandou JE,Randremanana R,Rakotondrainipiana M,Mazel F,Djorie SG,Gody JC,Finlay BB,Rubbo PA,

更新日期：2018-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Control of the establishment of cell polarity is an essential function in tissue morphogenesis and renewal that depends on spatial cues provided by the extracellular environment. The molecular role of cell-cell or cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) contacts on the establishment of cell polarity has been well characterize...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Théry M,Racine V,Piel M,Pépin A,Dimitrov A,Chen Y,Sibarita JB,Bornens M

更新日期：2006-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the advantages of the production of monoclonal antibodies by tissue culture methods is that they can be internally labeled by using appropriate radioactive amino acid in the culture fluid. Thus, radioactive immunological probes of high specific activity can be prepared. Here we report applications of these inte...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cuello AC,Priestley JV,Milstein C

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High titered IgE, IgG, and IgM antibody responses to the major antigenic determinant of penicillin, the benzylpenicilloyl hapten, were elicited by the intraperitoneal injection of the hapten coupled to keyhole limpet hemocyanin mixed with the appropriate adjuvant. However, treatment of such mice with the benzylpenicil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chiorazzi N,Eshhar Z,Katz DH

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA and protein determinants of nucleosome positioning have been examined after in vitro reconstitutions of native or modified histone octamers onto tandem repeats of 207- and 172-base-pair DNA sequences containing the Lytechinus variegatus 5S rRNA gene and onto monomeric sequences derived from these by digestion with...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dong F,Hansen JC,van Holde KE

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deregulation of energy metabolism by external interventions or mutations in metabolic genes can extend lifespan in a wide range of species. We describe mutations in Drosophila melanogaster that confer resistance to oxidative stress and display a longevity phenotype. These phenotypes are associated with molecular lesio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mourikis P,Hurlbut GD,Artavanis-Tsakonas S

更新日期：2006-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The question of what is a perceptual object is one of the most central and also controversial issues in cognitive science. According to the topological approach to perceptual organization, the core intuitive notion of an object--the holistic identity preserved over shape-changing transformations--may be characterized ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou K,Luo H,Zhou T,Zhuo Y,Chen L

更新日期：2010-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptococcus neoformans (CN), an encapsulated, ubiquitous environmental yeast, is pathogenic for humans, primarily those with compromised immune function. CN is believed to be a facultative intracellular pathogen. Time-lapsed video microscopy revealed that yeast began to replicate and divide 2 hours after ingestion by...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tucker SC,Casadevall A

更新日期：2002-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence suggests that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) signaling in vascular cells can have antiatherogenic consequences, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. TNFalpha is released by free cholesterol-loaded apoptotic macrophages, and the clearance of these cells by phagocytic macrophages may help to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gerbod-Giannone MC,Li Y,Holleboom A,Han S,Hsu LC,Tabas I,Tall AR

更新日期：2006-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Active matter, both synthetic and biological, demonstrates complex spatiotemporal self-organization and the emergence of collective behavior. A coherent rotational motion, the vortex phase, is of great interest because of its ability to orchestrate well-organized motion of self-propelled particles over large distances...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Han K,Kokot G,Tovkach O,Glatz A,Aranson IS,Snezhko A

更新日期：2020-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Using an antibody highly specific for D-serine conjugated to glutaraldehyde, we have localized endogenous D-serine in rat brain. Highest levels of D-serine immunoreactivity occur in the gray matter of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, anterior olfactory nucleus, olfactory tubercle, and amygdala. Localizations of D-ser...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schell MJ,Molliver ME,Snyder SH

更新日期：1995-04-25 00:00:00