Tracheal gas insufflation: catheter effectiveness determined by expiratory flush volume.

abstract：:Patients in whom acid-fast bacilli smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis was newly diagnosed were randomized to receive 400 mg moxifloxacin, 300 mg isonaizid, or 600 mg rifampin daily for 5 days. Sixteen-hour overnight sputa collections were made for the 2 days before and for 5 days of monotherapy. Bactericidal activi...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Gosling RD,Uiso LO,Sam NE,Bongard E,Kanduma EG,Nyindo M,Morris RW,Gillespie SH

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The impact of asthma on chronic lung function deficits is well known. However, there has been little study of ethnic differences in these asthma-associated deficits. OBJECTIVES:To examine whether there are ethnic differences in the effects of asthma on children's lung function. METHODS:We evaluated the impa...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Zhang Y,McConnell R,Gilliland F,Berhane K

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most data about the course of occupational asthma after removal from exposure are based upon the longitudinal assessment of employees exposed to substances inducing late asthmatic reactions in bronchial provocation tests. It was the aim of this study to describe the course of immediate-type occupational asthma after a...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Merget R,Reineke M,Rueckmann A,Bergmann EM,Schultze-Werninghaus G

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Theophylline is well-established in the management of asthma, and there is some evidence of an antiinflammatory effect in asthma. It is not known whether theophylline affects inflammatory markers such as sputum eosinophils and exhaled nitric oxide (NO) in patients with mild asthma not receiving inhaled steroid therapy...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Lim S,Tomita K,Caramori G,Jatakanon A,Oliver B,Keller A,Adcock I,Chung KF,Barnes PJ

更新日期：2001-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Normoxic lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) leads to oxidative injury of the pulmonary tissue. We analyzed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in perfused rat lungs upon I/R in order to assess the endothelial injury produced. I/R led to a time-dependent increase in ACE activity in the perfusate, from 145+/-14 mU to 252+/...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Atochina EN,Muzykantov VR,Al-Mehdi AB,Danilov SM,Fisher AB

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The forced oscillation technique (FOT) and interrupter technique are particularly attractive for pediatric use as they require only passive cooperation from the patient. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of these methods for detecting airway obstruction and its reversibility in 118 children (3-16 yr) with as...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Delacourt C,Lorino H,Fuhrman C,Herve-Guillot M,Reinert P,Harf A,Housset B

更新日期：2001-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Phthalates are used widely in consumer products. Exposure to several phthalates has been associated with respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function. Associations between children's phthalate exposures and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (Fe(NO)), a biomarker of airway inflammation, have not been examine...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Just AC,Whyatt RM,Miller RL,Rundle AG,Chen Q,Calafat AM,Divjan A,Rosa MJ,Zhang H,Perera FP,Goldstein IF,Perzanowski MS

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Regional hypoventilation in bronchoconstricted patients with asthma is spatially associated with reduced perfusion, which is proposed to result from hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). OBJECTIVES:To determine the role of HPV in the regional perfusion redistribution in bronchoconstricted patients with a...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kelly VJ,Hibbert KA,Kohli P,Kone M,Greenblatt EE,Venegas JG,Winkler T,Harris RS

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite several codes of research ethics, the issuance of comprehensive rules regarding informed consent by governmental agencies, and numerous writings on the subject of informed consent, many commentators still question the quality of the informed consent process in clinical research. A major concern is that investi...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Silverman HJ

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to assess the usefulness of sputum analysis in studying plasma-protein exudation and local secretion of proteins in the airways, we measured specific proteins in the sputum sol phase (SSP) and sputum gel phase (SGP) from patients with stable asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Protein leve...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Schoonbrood DF,Lutter R,Habets FJ,Roos CM,Jansen HM,Out TA

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An imbalance of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and the neutrophil chemotactic factor IL-8 and inhibitors (e.g., soluble TNF receptors and IL-1ra) in the lung during the first week of life may contribute to prolonged pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Disod...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Viscardi RM,Hasday JD,Gumpper KF,Taciak V,Campbell AB,Palmer TW

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Levels of oleic acid (OA) are elevated in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). OA is also widely used to provoke edema, by unknown mechanisms, in experimental models of ARDS. We investigated the impact of intravascularly applied OA on epithelial lining f...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Vadász I,Morty RE,Kohstall MG,Olschewski A,Grimminger F,Seeger W,Ghofrani HA

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Defining the biogeography of bacterial populations in human body habitats is a high priority for understanding microbial-host relationships in health and disease. The healthy lung was traditionally considered sterile, but this notion has been challenged by emerging molecular approaches that enable comprehensi...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Charlson ES,Bittinger K,Haas AR,Fitzgerald AS,Frank I,Yadav A,Bushman FD,Collman RG

更新日期：2011-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Diesel motor exhaust is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as probably carcinogenic to humans. The epidemiologic evidence is evaluated as limited because most studies lack adequate control for potential confounders and only a few studies have reported on exposure-response relationsh...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Olsson AC,Gustavsson P,Kromhout H,Peters S,Vermeulen R,Brüske I,Pesch B,Siemiatycki J,Pintos J,Brüning T,Cassidy A,Wichmann HE,Consonni D,Landi MT,Caporaso N,Plato N,Merletti F,Mirabelli D,Richiardi L,Jöckel KH,Ah

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dobutamine has been proposed as a means of disclosing a pathologic oxygen supply (DO2) dependency in critically ill patients. Like other catecholamines, however, dobutamine might increase cellular metabolism, so that oxygen consumption (VO2) would increase regardless of the presence or absence of a supply dependency. ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： De Backer D,Moraine JJ,Berre J,Kahn RJ,Vincent JL

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:In the absence of active tuberculosis, a positive tuberculin skin test (TST) or interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) result defines latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, although test results may vary depending on immunodeficiency. OBJECTIVES:This study compared the performance of TST and IGRAs in f...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Sester M,van Leth F,Bruchfeld J,Bumbacea D,Cirillo DM,Dilektasli AG,Domínguez J,Duarte R,Ernst M,Eyuboglu FO,Gerogianni I,Girardi E,Goletti D,Janssens JP,Julander I,Lange B,Latorre I,Losi M,Markova R,Matteelli A,M

更新日期：2014-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Silicosis is characterized by fibrosing nodular lesions that may eventually develop into progressive massive fibrosis (PMF). Cytokines (interleukin-1beta [IL-1beta], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] and growth factors insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1] platelet-derived growth factor [PDGF]) have been implicat...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Jagirdar J,Begin R,Dufresne A,Goswami S,Lee TC,Rom WN

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In unilateral lung injury, application of global positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) may cause overdistension of normal alveoli and redistribution of blood flow to diseased lung areas, thereby worsening oxygenation. We hypothesized that selective application of tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) will recruit the inju...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Blanch L,Van der Kloot TE,Youngblood AM,Murias G,Naveira A,Adams AB,Romero PV,Nahum A

更新日期：2001-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Patients of Hispanic origin with cystic fibrosis (CF) are the largest growing minority, representing 8.5% of patients with CF in the United States. No national survival analysis of this group has ever been undertaken. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to determine whether Hispanic ethnicity within the CF population is ass...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Rho J,Ahn C,Gao A,Sawicki GS,Keller A,Jain R

更新日期：2018-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Rationale: Tidal expiratory flow limitation (tidal-EFL) is not completely avoidable by applying positive end-expiratory pressure and may cause respiratory and hemodynamic complications in ventilated patients with lungs prone to collapse. During spontaneous breathing, expiratory diaphragmatic contraction counteracts ti...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Pellegrini M,Gudmundsson M,Bencze R,Segelsjö M,Freden F,Rylander C,Hedenstierna G,Larsson AS,Perchiazzi G

更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:FVC has emerged as a standard primary endpoint in clinical trials evaluating novel therapies for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, it has recently been proposed that all-cause mortality or a composite comprised of all-cause mortality and all-cause nonelective hospitalization be adopt...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： King TE Jr,Albera C,Bradford WZ,Costabel U,du Bois RM,Leff JA,Nathan SD,Sahn SA,Valeyre D,Noble PW

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Immediate graft performance after lung transplantation is associated with short- and long-term clinical outcomes. However, the biologic mechanism that determines outcomes is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the impact of cell death signals at 24 and 48 hours after lung transplantation on short...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hashimoto K,Besla R,Zamel R,Juvet S,Kim H,Azad S,Waddell TK,Cypel M,Liu M,Keshavjee S

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Patients with severe asthma (SA) are less responsive to the beneficial effects of corticosteroid (CS) therapy, and relative CS insensitivity has been shown in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) from patients with SA. OBJECTIVES:We investigated whether there was a defect in the actions of the glucocorticoid re...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Chang PJ,Michaeloudes C,Zhu J,Shaikh N,Baker J,Chung KF,Bhavsar PK

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eotaxin, a selective chemoattractant for eosinophils, induces lung eosinophilia and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) when administered intratracheally to interleukin-5 (IL-5) transgenic mice. We determined whether these effects of eotaxin were mediated through the production of cysteinyl-leukotrienes. IL-5 transgen...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hisada T,Salmon M,Nasuhara Y,Chung KF

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The sympathetic nervous system has been reported to be activated in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). OBJECTIVES:We investigated the prognostic significance of muscle sympathetic nervous system activity (MSNA) in PAH. METHODS:Thirty-two patients with PAH were included in the study and underwent a measu...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Ciarka A,Doan V,Velez-Roa S,Naeije R,van de Borne P

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is characterized by a Th2 immune response. Mouse models suggest a critical role for the Th2 chemokines thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) in ABPA. OBJECTIVES:To determine whether serum levels of TARC and MDC ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hartl D,Latzin P,Zissel G,Krane M,Krauss-Etschmann S,Griese M

更新日期：2006-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:When subclavian access is not possible, controversy exists between the internal jugular and femoral sites for the choice of central-venous access in intensive care unit patients. OBJECTIVES:To compare infection and colonization rates of short-term jugular and femoral catheters. METHODS:Using data from two m...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Timsit JF,Bouadma L,Mimoz O,Parienti JJ,Garrouste-Orgeas M,Alfandari S,Plantefeve G,Bronchard R,Troche G,Gauzit R,Antona M,Canet E,Bohe J,Herrault MC,Schwebel C,Ruckly S,Souweine B,Lucet JC

更新日期：2013-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) results in atrophy of the human diaphragm. The autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP) contributes to skeletal muscle proteolysis, but its contribution to diaphragmatic protein degradation in mechanically ventilated patients is unknown. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the autophagy pa...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hussain SN,Mofarrahi M,Sigala I,Kim HC,Vassilakopoulos T,Maltais F,Bellenis I,Chaturvedi R,Gottfried SB,Metrakos P,Danialou G,Matecki S,Jaber S,Petrof BJ,Goldberg P

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is controversial whether mutations in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator intrinsically dysregulate inflammation. We characterized passage 2 human tracheobronchial epithelial cell cultures morphologically and physiologically and determined whether cytokine production or nuclear factor-kappaB activat...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Becker MN,Sauer MS,Muhlebach MS,Hirsh AJ,Wu Q,Verghese MW,Randell SH

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ventilation style influences lung injury and the amount of large-aggregate biophysically active surfactant in adult lungs. We asked how positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) would influence clinical responses and surfactant pools in surfactant-treated preterm lambs ventilated for 7 h with tidal volumes (VT) of 10 m...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Michna J,Jobe AH,Ikegami M

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00