Potent immunogenicity of the B subunits of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin: receptor binding is essential and induces differential modulation of lymphocyte subsets.

abstract：:Frame-shift mutations at microsatellites occur as a time-dependent function of polymerase errors followed by failure of postreplicational mismatch repair. A cell-culture system was developed that allows identification of intermediate mutant cells that carry the mutation on a single DNA strand after the initial DNA pol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gasche C,Chang CL,Natarajan L,Goel A,Rhees J,Young DJ,Arnold CN,Boland CR

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Electromyographic recordings from individual identified ankle muscles of the 7-day chick embryo (stage 31) were used to determine the organization of motor output at a developmental stage shortly after the onset of spontaneous motility in the leg. During spontaneous motility of the embryo, the electromyographic record...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bekoff A,Stein PS,Hamburger V

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The retinoblastoma gene product (the RB protein) is phosphorylated in a cell cycle-dependent manner and this modification is believed to be important for cells to progress through the cell cycle. We found that purified cdk2 (cyclin-dependent kinase/cell division kinase 2) can phosphorylate the RB protein in vitro at t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Akiyama T,Ohuchi T,Sumida S,Matsumoto K,Toyoshima K

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epigenetic markers, such as histone acetylation and DNA methylation, determine chromatin organization. In eukaryotic cells, metabolites from organelles or the cytosol affect epigenetic modifications. However, the relationships between metabolites and epigenetic modifications are not well understood in plants. We found...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang L,Wang C,Liu X,Cheng J,Li S,Zhu JK,Gong Z

更新日期：2019-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:We report here that component members of the keratin intermediate filament (IF) type I and type II gene families of sheep are closely linked but apparently the two families are not. Nine genes, accounting for up to half of the keratin IF gene repertoire, were mapped in four cosmid clones and the linkage between the ge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Powell BC,Cam GR,Fietz MJ,Rogers GE

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gamma delta (γδ) T cells represent a major IL-17 committed T-cell population (γδT17 cells) in the mouse dermis. Following exposure to the inflammatory agent imiquimod (IMQ) the Vγ4(+) subset of γδT cells produce IL-17 in the skin and expand rapidly in draining lymph nodes (LNs). Local IMQ treatment in humans is known ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ramírez-Valle F,Gray EE,Cyster JG

更新日期：2015-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Earlier studies have shown that the DNA of herpes simplex virus 1 consists of two covalently linked components, L and S, each flanked by inverted repeats. The two components can invert, and viral DNA extracted from infected cells or virions consists of equimolar concentrations of four populations differing solely in t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poffenberger KL,Tabares E,Roizman B

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Better understanding myelination of peripheral nerves would benefit patients affected by peripheral neuropathies, including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Little is known about the role the Golgi compartment plays in Schwann cell (SC) functions. Here, we studied the role of Golgi in myelination of peripheral nerves in m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baba T,Alvarez-Prats A,Kim YJ,Abebe D,Wilson S,Aldworth Z,Stopfer MA,Heuser J,Balla T

更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Brain function depends on adaptive self-organization of large-scale neural assemblies, but little is known about quantitative network parameters governing these processes in humans. Here, we describe the topology and synchronizability of frequency-specific brain functional networks using wavelet decomposition of magne...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bassett DS,Meyer-Lindenberg A,Achard S,Duke T,Bullmore E

更新日期：2006-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Combined intracellular and microfluorometric recording techniques were used to evaluate whether the inhibition by cholinergic or adrenergic transmitters of the Ca2(+)-activated potassium current (IAHP) in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells was mediated by an alteration of depolarization-induced change in cytosolic free C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knöpfel T,Vranesic I,Gähwiler BH,Brown DA

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Probasin, a rat prostatic protein, is statistically related to members of a protein family that includes serum, cellular, and nuclear proteins. In vivo, probasin appears both in the secretions and in the nucleus of prostatic epithelial cells. Using primer extension and S1 nuclease protection assays we detected only on...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spence AM,Sheppard PC,Davie JR,Matuo Y,Nishi N,McKeehan WL,Dodd JG,Matusik RJ

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about how genetic variation and epigenetic marks interact to shape differences in behavior. The foraging (for) gene regulates behavioral differences between the rover and sitter Drosophila melanogaster strains, but the molecular mechanisms through which it does so have remained elusive. We show that th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Anreiter I,Kramer JM,Sokolowski MB

更新日期：2017-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The plant viruses alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and brome mosaic virus (BMV) each divide their genetic information among three RNAs while tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) contains a single genomic RNA. Amino acid sequence comparisons suggest that the single proteins encoded by AMV RNA 1 and BMV RNA 1 and by AMV RNA 2 and BMV R...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haseloff J,Goelet P,Zimmern D,Ahlquist P,Dasgupta R,Kaesberg P

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are certain genes on the sex chromosome of Drosophila for which the female contains twice as many copies as the male. Some of the genes in this group produce the same phenotype in each sex despite the dosage difference and are said, therefore, to manifest dosage compensation. The structural genes for glucose-6-p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seecof RL,Kaplan WD,Futch DG

更新日期：1969-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In higher eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are essential subcellular organelles for energy production, cell signaling, and the biosynthesis of biomolecules. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome is indispensable for mitochondrial function because it encodes protein subunits of the electron transport chain and a full set ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu W,Boyd RM,Tree MO,Samkari F,Zhao L

更新日期：2019-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Diabetes mellitus is characterized by either the inability to produce insulin (type 1 diabetes) or as insensitivity to insulin secreted by the body (type 2 diabetes). In either case, the body is unable to move blood glucose efficiently across cell membranes to be used. This leads to a variety of local and systemic det...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alipio Z,Liao W,Roemer EJ,Waner M,Fink LM,Ward DC,Ma Y

更新日期：2010-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Aryloxyphenoxypropionates, inhibitors of the plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) of grasses, also inhibit Toxoplasma gondii ACC. Clodinafop, the most effective of the herbicides tested, inhibits growth of T. gondii in human fibroblasts by 70% at 10 microM in 2 days and effectively eliminates the parasite in 2-4 days ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zuther E,Johnson JJ,Haselkorn R,McLeod R,Gornicki P

更新日期：1999-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：:A compact, well-organized, and natural motif, stabilized by three disulfide bonds, is proposed as a basic scaffold for protein engineering. This motif contains 37 amino acids only and is formed by a short helix on one face and an antiparallel triple-stranded beta-sheet on the opposite face. It has been adopted by scor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vita C,Roumestand C,Toma F,Ménez A

更新日期：1995-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Many bacteria use N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signals to coordinate the behavior of individual cells in a local population. The successful infection of eukaryotic hosts by bacteria seems to depend particularly on such AHL-mediated "quorum-sensing" regulation. We have used proteome analysis to show that a eukaryoti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mathesius U,Mulders S,Gao M,Teplitski M,Caetano-Anolles G,Rolfe BG,Bauer WD

更新日期：2003-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper shows that proteins display an unexpectedly wide range of behaviors in buffers containing moderate (0.1-10 mM) concentrations of SDS (complete unfolding, formation of stable intermediate states, specific association with SDS, and various kinetic phenomena); capillary electrophoresis provides a convenient me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gudiksen KL,Gitlin I,Whitesides GM

更新日期：2006-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the factors that shape macroevolutionary patterns in functional traits is a central goal of evolutionary biology. Alternative strategies of sexual reproduction (inbreeding vs. outcrossing) have divergent effects on population genetic structure and could thereby broadly influence trait evolution. However,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Campbell SA,Kessler A

更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:We induced an essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by culture in medium with 20% (vol/vol) delipidated fetal calf serum. EFAD, reflected by decreased cellular linoleic acid (18:2 omega 6) and arachidonic acid (20:4 omega 6) and emergence of the oleic acid derivative 5,8,11-e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lerner R,Lindström P,Berg A,Johansson E,Rosendahl K,Palmblad J

更新日期：1995-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well established that the medial-temporal lobe (MTL) is critical for recognition memory. The MTL is known to be composed of distinct structures that are organized in a hierarchical manner. At present, it remains controversial whether lower structures in this hierarchy, such as perirhinal cortex, support memory f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bowles B,Crupi C,Mirsattari SM,Pigott SE,Parrent AG,Pruessner JC,Yonelinas AP,Köhler S

更新日期：2007-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The N-terminal 392 amino acids of the Drosophila kinesin alpha subunit (designated DKH392) form a dimer in solution that releases only one of its two tightly bound ADP molecules on association with a microtubule, whereas a shorter monomeric construct (designated DKH340) releases > or = 95% of its one bound ADP on asso...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hackney DD

更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:In contrast with speciation in terrestrial organisms, marine plankton frequently display gradual morphological change without lineage division (e.g., phyletic gradualism or gradual evolution), which has raised the possibility that a different mode of evolution dominates within pelagic environments. Here, we reexamine ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hull PM,Norris RD

更新日期：2009-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:During an investigation of the role of ions in growth regulation, it was found that ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA) inhibits DNA synthesis about 10-fold in cultures of chick embryo cells, while ethylene glycol bis(beta-amino ethyl ether)-N,N'-tetraacetate has no effect. RNA synthesis is only slightly inhibited by...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rubin H

更新日期：1972-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Murine mammary tumor virus (MMTV) expression is analyzed in a T-lymphoid cell line (T1M1) sensitive to the killing effect of glucocorticoids and in two of its variants, one resistant (T1M1r) and one supersensitive (T1M1ss) to glucocorticoid-induced lymphocytolysis. In the T1M1 line, MMTV is expressed and induced appro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mermod JJ,Bourgeois S,Defer N,Crépin M

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A hitherto unknown Neoproterozoic orogenic system, the Saharides, is described in North Africa. It formed during the 900-500-Ma interval. The Saharides involved large subduction accretion complexes occupying almost the entire Arabian Shield and much of Egypt and parts of the small Precambrian inliers in the Sahara inc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Şengör AMC,Lom N,Zabcı C,Sunal G,Öner T

更新日期：2020-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The bidirectional self-assembly of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV, common or U1 strain) has been studied extensively in vitro. Foreign single-stranded RNA molecules containing the TMV origin-of-assembly sequence (OAS, 75-432 nt in length) are also packaged by TMV coat protein (CP) in vitro to form helical pseudovirus parti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hwang DJ,Roberts IM,Wilson TM

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) is a classical nonhomologous end-joining (cNHEJ) factor. Loss of DNA-PKcs diminished mature B cell class switch recombination (CSR) to other isotypes, but not IgG1. Here, we show that expression of the kinase-dead DNA-PKcs (DNA-PKcsKD/KD ) severely compr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crowe JL,Shao Z,Wang XS,Wei PC,Jiang W,Lee BJ,Estes VM,Alt FW,Zha S

更新日期：2018-08-21 00:00:00