Abstract：
:The retinoblastoma gene product (the RB protein) is phosphorylated in a cell cycle-dependent manner and this modification is believed to be important for cells to progress through the cell cycle. We found that purified cdk2 (cyclin-dependent kinase/cell division kinase 2) can phosphorylate the RB protein in vitro at the sites phosphorylated in the cell. The timing of activation of cdk2 in the cell cycle was similar to that of the onset of phosphorylation of the RB protein. The kinase coprecipitated with the RB protein also exhibited a similar substrate specificity to cdk2 and a similar time course of activation during the cell cycle. We further showed that cdk2 formed a complex with the RB protein in vitro and that its formation was not competitively inhibited by the simian virus 40 large T antigen. These observations suggest that cdk2 or a cdk2-related protein is involved in the cell cycle-dependent phosphorylation of the RB protein.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Akiyama T,Ohuchi T,Sumida S,Matsumoto K,Toyoshima Kdoi
10.1073/pnas.89.17.7900keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-09-01 00:00:00pages
7900-4issue
17eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A human lambdaV (Mcg) and a human lambdaII (Vil) myeloma protein have identical sequences in their first hypervariable segments although they differ at 21 positions throughout the variable region. If a different structural gene is responsible for each subgroup, the findings favor insertion of information for the hyper...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.72.12.5107
更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate transporters are essential for recovery of the neurotransmitter glutamate from the synaptic cleft. Crystal structures in the outward- and inward-facing conformations of a glutamate transporter homolog from archaebacterium Pyrococcus horikoshii, sodium/aspartate symporter GltPh, suggested the molecular basis ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1616413114
更新日期：2017-02-14 00:00:00
abstract：:We have transferred the human gene for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT, EC 2.4.2.8; IMP:pyrophosphate phosphoribosyltransferease) via isolated metaphase chromosomes from human HeLa S3 cells into murine A9 cells which lack functional murine HPRT activity, using the technique of McBride and Ozer (Pr...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.72.5.1792
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both plants and animals require the activity of proteins containing nucleotide binding (NB) domain and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains for proper immune system function. NB-LRR proteins in plants (NLR proteins in animals) also require conserved regulation via the proteins SGT1 and cytosolic HSP90. RAR1, a protein sp...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0904877106
更新日期：2009-06-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) selectively degrades the monomer of amyloidogenic peptides and contributes to clearance of amyloid β (Aβ). Thus, IDE retards the progression of Alzheimer's disease. IDE possesses an enclosed catalytic chamber that engulfs and degrades its peptide substrates; however, the molecular mechan...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1304575110
更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells recognize lipid antigens presented by CD1d and play a central role in regulating immunity and inflammation in peripheral tissues. However, the mechanisms which govern iNKT cell homeostasis after thymic emigration are incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate that microsomal t...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1701428114
更新日期：2017-09-26 00:00:00
abstract：:The human intestine is densely populated by a microbial consortium whose metabolic activities are influenced by, among others, bifidobacteria. However, the genetic basis of adaptation of bifidobacteria to the human gut is poorly understood. Analysis of the 2,214,650-bp genome of Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010, a stra...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1011100107
更新日期：2010-11-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic sleep deprivation perturbs the circadian clock and increases susceptibility to diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and cancer. Increased inflammation is one of the common underlying mechanisms of these diseases, thus raising a hypothesis that circadian-oscillator components may regulate immune response. Here w...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1209965109
更新日期：2012-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:In higher eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are essential subcellular organelles for energy production, cell signaling, and the biosynthesis of biomolecules. The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome is indispensable for mitochondrial function because it encodes protein subunits of the electron transport chain and a full set ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1911252116
更新日期：2019-09-03 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine whether the human pituitary contains a previously unidentified, nonprolactin (non-hPRL), non-growth-hormone (non-hGH) factor capable of stimulating mammary development, we tested the effects of whole human pituitary extract (hPE) and pituitary extracts depleted of hPRL and hGH ("stripped hPE") in hypophys...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.84.22.8110
更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cofactor composition and electron-transfer kinetics of the reaction center (RC) from a magnesium chelatase (bchD) mutant of Rhodobacter sphaeroides were characterized. In this RC, the special pair (P) and accessory (B) bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) -binding sites contain Zn-BChl rather than BChl a. Spectroscopic meas...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0812719106
更新日期：2009-05-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Repetitive brain stimulation protocols induce plasticity in the stimulated site in brain slice models. Recent evidence from network models has indicated that additional plasticity-related changes occur in nonstimulated remote regions. Despite increasing use of brain stimulation protocols in experimental and clinical s...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1320223111
更新日期：2014-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Although anatomy is often the first step in assigning functions to neural structures, it is not always clear whether architecturally distinct regions of the brain correspond to operational units. Whereas neuroarchitecture remains relatively static, functional connectivity may change almost instantaneously according to...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1514415112
更新日期：2015-10-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Ascorbic acid metabolism is associated with a number of mechanisms known to be involved in host resistance to malignant disease. Cancer patients are significantly depleted of ascorbic acid, and in our opinion this demonstrable biochemical characteristic indicates a substantially increased requirement and utilization o...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.73.10.3685
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Silicate melts at the top of the transition zone and the core-mantle boundary have significant influences on the dynamics and properties of Earth's interior. MgSiO3-rich silicate melts were among the primary components of the magma ocean and thus played essential roles in the chemical differentiation of the early Eart...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0802667105
更新日期：2008-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Although adaptor ADAP (FYB) and its binding to SLP-76 has been implicated in TcR-induced "inside-out" signaling for LFA-1 activation in T cells, little is known regarding its role in LFA-1-mediated "outside-in" signaling. In this study, we demonstrate that ADAP and SLP-76-ADAP binding are coupled to LFA-1 costimulatio...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0900510106
更新日期：2009-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Two differentiation antigens of spermatogenesis in the mouse are defined by monoclonal antibodies from hybridomas produced between the myeloma P3-X63Ag8 and spleen lymphocytes immunized with syngeneic testis cells. These antigens are on testis cells, and not liver, kidney, brain, spleen, or whole ovary. They are speci...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.76.1.363
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluorescence photobleaching recovery and immunofluorescence methods have been used to study the lateral mobility and topographical distribution of a major cell surface glycoprotein (CSP). Both endogenous CSP and fluorescent-labeled exogenous CSP bind to the cell surface in a fibrillar pattern and are immobile on the e...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.74.7.2909
更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A central tenet in understanding the biological effects of ionizing radiation has been that the initially affected cells were directly damaged by the radiation. By contrast, evidence has emerged concerning "bystander" responses involving damage to nearby cells that were not themselves directly traversed by the radiati...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0505020102
更新日期：2005-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Phototropin is a blue light photoreceptor for tropic responses, relocation of chloroplasts, and stomata opening in plants. Phototropin has two chromophoric domains named light-oxygen-voltage-sensing (LOV) 1 and 2 in the N-terminal half, and a serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinase motif in the C-terminal half. Conc...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0506402102
更新日期：2005-09-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Coagulation factor V is a high molecular weight plasma glycoprotein that participates as a cofactor in the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin by factor Xa. A phage lambda gt11 Hep G2 cell cDNA expression library was screened by using an affinity-purified antibody to human factor V, and 11 positive clones were isola...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.83.18.6800
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primitive neurohypophyseal nonapeptide oxytocin (OXT) has established functions in parturition, lactation, appetite, and social behavior. We have shown that OXT has direct actions on the mammalian skeleton, stimulating bone formation by osteoblasts and modulating the genesis and function of bone-resorbing osteocla...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1913611116
更新日期：2019-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Two-component histidine kinases recently have been found in eukaryotic organisms including fungi, slime molds, and plants. We describe the identification of a gene, COS1, from the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans by using a PCR-based screening strategy. The sequence of COS1 indicates that it encodes a homolog o...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.95.12.7069
更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00
abstract：:MicroRNAs are predicted to regulate approximately 30% of all human genes by targeting sequences in their 3' UTR. Polymorphisms in 3' UTR of several genes have been reported to affect gene expression, but the mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that 829C-->T, a naturally occurring SNP, near the miR-...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0706217104
更新日期：2007-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：:What drives scientists' position taking on matters where empirical answers are unavailable or contradictory? We examined the contentious debate on whether to limit experiments involving the creation of potentially pandemic pathogens. Hundreds of scientists, including Nobel laureates, have signed petitions on the debat...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.1613580114
更新日期：2017-06-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about genetic regulation of the development of white matter. This knowledge is critical in understanding the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental syndromes associated with altered cognition as well as in elucidating the genetics of normal human cognition. The hemideletion of approximately 25 genes on ...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0704311104
更新日期：2007-09-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The stability of an immunogen against enzymatic degradation is considered an important factor for the design of synthetic vaccines. For our studies, we have selected an epitope from the tandem-repeat unit of the high-molecular-weight MUC2 mucin glycoprotein, which can be underglycosylated in case of colon cancer. In t...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0407677102
更新日期：2005-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Thymidine dinucleotide (pTpT) stimulates melanogenesis in mammalian pigment cells and intact skin, mimicking the effects of UV irradiation and UV-mimetic DNA damage. Here it is shown that, in addition to tanning, pTpT induces a second photoprotective response, enhanced repair of UV-induced DNA damage. This enhanced re...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.94.23.12627
更新日期：1997-11-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiosperms are the largest and most successful clade of land plants with >250,000 species distributed in nearly every terrestrial habitat. Many phylogenetic studies have been based on DNA sequences of one to several genes, but, despite decades of intensive efforts, relationships among early diverging lineages and sev...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.0709121104
更新日期：2007-12-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Several cDNA clones encoding the human immunoglobulin G receptor CD16 were isolated from human lung or peripheral blood leukocyte cDNA libraries. Nucleotide sequence comparisons revealed that the cDNAs could be divided into two groups. cDNA clones in one group encode a protein that terminates 4 amino acids after the p...
journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1073/pnas.86.13.5079
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
