Growth of Toxoplasma gondii is inhibited by aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicides targeting acetyl-CoA carboxylase.

abstract：:An experimental scheme for sequencing large DNA molecules is proposed where DNA strands are replicated, with all nucleotides of a given kind marked with radioactive 32P. The marked strands are affixed to an appropriate substrate and are kept until most 32P atoms decay. The local damage caused by the decay is expected ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kelson I,Nussinov S

更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Exercise promotes longevity and ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance. However, exercise also increases mitochondrial formation of presumably harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS). Antioxidants are widely used as supplements but whether they affect the health-promoting effects of exercise is unkn...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ristow M,Zarse K,Oberbach A,Klöting N,Birringer M,Kiehntopf M,Stumvoll M,Kahn CR,Blüher M

更新日期：2009-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:AvrXa7 is a member of the avrBs3 avirulence gene family, which encodes proteins targeted to plant cells by a type III secretion apparatus. AvrXa7, the product of avrXa7, is also a virulence factor in strain PXO86 of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Avirulence and virulence specificities are associated with the central r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang B,Zhu W,Johnson LB,White FF

更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Fall migratory monarch butterflies, tested for their directional responses to magnetic cues under three conditions, amagnetic, normal, and reversed magnetic fields, showed three distinct patterns. In the absence of a magnetic field, monarchs lacked directionality as a group. In the normal magnetic field, monarchs orie...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Etheredge JA,Perez SM,Taylor OR,Jander R

更新日期：1999-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial adaptation to nutrient limitation and increased population densities is central to survival and virulence. Surprisingly, <3% of Escherichia coli genes are known to play roles specific to the stationary phase. There is evidence that the leucine-responsive regulatory protein (Lrp) may play an important role in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tani TH,Khodursky A,Blumenthal RM,Brown PO,Matthews RG

更新日期：2002-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Vertebrate hematopoietic stem cells are derived from vental mesoderm, which is postulated to migrate to both extra- and intraembryonic positions during gastrula and neurula stages. Extraembryonic migration has previously been documented, but the origin and migration of intraembryonic hematopoietic cells have not been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Detrich HW 3rd,Kieran MW,Chan FY,Barone LM,Yee K,Rundstadler JA,Pratt S,Ransom D,Zon LI

更新日期：1995-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:8-Azido[2-3H]adenine was used as a photoaffinity label for the purine-cytosine transport system. After irradiation in the presence of the photoaffinity label, the cells were converted into protoplasts, their plasma membranes were purified, and the membrane proteins were extracted and separated by NaDodSO4/PAGE. The ra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmidt R,Manolson MF,Chevallier MR

更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides is an important epigenetic regulator common to virtually all mammalian cell types, but recent evidence indicates that during early postnatal development neuronal genomes also accumulate uniquely high levels of two alternative forms of methylation, non-CpG methylation and hydroxymet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kinde B,Gabel HW,Gilbert CS,Griffith EC,Greenberg ME

更新日期：2015-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Jasmonates (JAs) are plant-specific signaling molecules that steer a diverse set of physiological and developmental processes. Pathogen attack and wounding inflicted by herbivores induce the biosynthesis of these hormones, triggering defense responses both locally and systemically. We report on alterations in the tran...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pauwels L,Morreel K,De Witte E,Lammertyn F,Van Montagu M,Boerjan W,Inzé D,Goossens A

更新日期：2008-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic gut inflammatory diseases are associated with disruption of intestinal epithelial barriers and impaired mucosal immunity. HIV-1 (HIV) causes depletion of mucosal CD4+ T cells early in infection and disruption of gut epithelium, resulting in chronic inflammation and immunodeficiency. Although antiretroviral the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crakes KR,Santos Rocha C,Grishina I,Hirao LA,Napoli E,Gaulke CA,Fenton A,Datta S,Arredondo J,Marco ML,Sankaran-Walters S,Cortopassi G,Giulivi C,Dandekar S

更新日期：2019-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Replication of plasmid DNA molecules containing the simian virus 40 (SV40) origin of DNA replication has been reconstituted with seven highly purified cellular proteins plus the SV40 large tumor (T) antigen. Initiation of DNA synthesis is absolutely dependent upon T antigen, replication protein A, and the DNA polymera...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weinberg DH,Collins KL,Simancek P,Russo A,Wold MS,Virshup DM,Kelly TJ

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteins need to be tightly regulated as they control biological processes in most normal cellular functions. The precise mechanisms of regulation are rarely completely understood but can involve binding of endogenous ligands and/or partner proteins at specific locations on a protein that can modulate function. Often,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ludlow RF,Verdonk ML,Saini HK,Tickle IJ,Jhoti H

更新日期：2015-12-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a complex system for switching the mating type of haploid cells, requiring the genome to have three mating-type (MAT)-like loci and a mechanism for silencing two of them. How this system originated is unknown, because the three-locus system is present throughout the family Saccharomycetace...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hanson SJ,Byrne KP,Wolfe KH

更新日期：2014-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a global epidemic manifested mainly by chronic infection. One strategy that HCV employs to establish chronic infection is to use the viral Ser protease NS3/4A to cleave some unknown cellular targets involved in innate immunity. Here we show that the target of NS3/4A is the mitochondrial anti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li XD,Sun L,Seth RB,Pineda G,Chen ZJ

更新日期：2005-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Traits that enable species to persist in ecological environments are often maintained over time, a phenomenon known as niche conservatism. Here we argue that ecological niches function at levels above species, notably at the level of genus for mammals, and that niche conservatism is also evident above the species leve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hadly EA,Spaeth PA,Li C

更新日期：2009-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous research and theory suggest that two stable personality dimensions, extroversion and neuroticism, differentially influence emotional reactivity to a variety of pleasurable phenomena. Here, we use event-related functional MRI to address the putative neural and behavioral associations between humor appreciation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mobbs D,Hagan CC,Azim E,Menon V,Reiss AL

更新日期：2005-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite immense variability across languages, people can learn to understand any human language, spoken or signed. What neural mechanisms allow people to comprehend language across sensory modalities? When people listen to speech, electrophysiological oscillations in auditory cortex entrain to slow ([Formula: see text...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brookshire G,Lu J,Nusbaum HC,Goldin-Meadow S,Casasanto D

更新日期：2017-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:URF13 is a mitochondrially encoded, integral membrane protein found only in maize carrying the cms-T cytoplasm. URF13 is associated with cytoplasmic male sterility, Texas type, and causes susceptibility to the fungal pathogens Bipolaris maydis race T and Phyllosticta maydis. URF13 is predicted to contain three transme...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rhoads DM,Kaspi CI,Levings CS 3rd,Siedow JN

更新日期：1994-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell variants resistant to the cytotoxic effect of mycophenolic acid, an inhibitor of IMP dehydrogenase (IMP:NAD+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.2.1.14), were selected by a one-step procedure from Chinese hamster V79 cells. The frequency of these variants was increased in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with the mutagen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huberman E,McKeown CK,Friedman J

更新日期：1981-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cell-based therapies are attractive for revascularizing and regenerating tissues and organs, but clinical trials of endothelial progenitor cell transplantation have not resulted in consistent benefit. We propose a different approach in which a material delivery system is used to create a depot of vascular progenitor c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Silva EA,Kim ES,Kong HJ,Mooney DJ

更新日期：2008-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Many cell surface receptors are multimeric proteins, composed of several structural domains, some involved in ligand recognition, whereas others are responsible for signal transduction. In most cases, the mechanism of how ligand interaction in the extracellular domains leads to the activation of effector domains remai...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang S,Cao J,Jiang M,Labesse G,Liu J,Pin JP,Rondard P

更新日期：2011-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), and amphiregulin are structurally and functionally related growth regulatory proteins. These secreted polypeptides all bind to the 170-kDa cell-surface EGF receptor, activating its intrinsic kinase activity. However, amphiregulin exhibits dif...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Plowman GD,Whitney GS,Neubauer MG,Green JM,McDonald VL,Todaro GJ,Shoyab M

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A major question in plant physiology is how the large amount of sucrose made in leaves is transported to the rest of the plant. Although physiological, biochemical, and anatomical investigations have been performed in this field, to date there have been very few genetic studies. Using a reverse genetic screen, we have...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gottwald JR,Krysan PJ,Young JC,Evert RF,Sussman MR

更新日期：2000-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Antigen receptor gene assembly is regulated by transcriptional promoters and enhancers, which control the accessibility of gene segments to a lymphocyte-specific V(D)J recombinase. However, it remained unclear whether accessibility depends on the process of transcription itself or chromatin modifications that accompan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sikes ML,Meade A,Tripathi R,Krangel MS,Oltz EM

更新日期：2002-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Initiation and control of replication of the broad-host-range plasmid RK2 requires two plasmid-encoded elements, the replication origin (oriV) and the initiation protein TrfA. Purified TrfA is largely in the form of a dimer; however, only the monomeric form of the protein can bind specifically to the direct repeats (i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Konieczny I,Helinski DR

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:To differentiate roles of androgen receptor (AR) in prostate stromal and epithelial cells, we have generated inducible-(ind)ARKO-TRAMP and prostate epithelial-specific ARKO TRAMP (pes-ARKO-TRAMP) mouse models, in which the AR was knocked down in both prostate epithelium and stroma or was knocked out in the prostate ep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Niu Y,Altuwaijri S,Yeh S,Lai KP,Yu S,Chuang KH,Huang SP,Lardy H,Chang C

更新日期：2008-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Activins and inhibins, members of the type beta transforming growth factor superfamily of growth regulatory proteins, are produced in multiple tissues and affect diverse physiologic processes. Using embryonic stem cell technology, we previously demonstrated that inhibin can function as a gonadal tumor suppressor. In t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matzuk MM,Finegold MJ,Mather JP,Krummen L,Lu H,Bradley A

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:P2X receptors for ATP have a wide range of physiological roles and comprise a structurally distinct family of ligand-gated trimeric ion channels. The crystal structure of a P2X4 receptor, in combination with mutagenesis studies, has provided a model of the intersubunit ATP-binding sites and identified an extracellular...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roberts JA,Allsopp RC,El Ajouz S,Vial C,Schmid R,Young MT,Evans RJ

更新日期：2012-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein kinase A stimulator cAMP can potentiate the ability of progestins to induce the transactivation function of the human progesterone receptor (hPR). We questioned in the present study whether cAMP could functionally cooperate with the progestin antagonist RU486. In T47D human breast cancer cells, RU486 behav...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beck CA,Weigel NL,Moyer ML,Nordeen SK,Edwards DP

更新日期：1993-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The statistics of extrasolar planetary systems indicate that the default mode of planet formation generates planets with orbital periods shorter than 100 days and masses substantially exceeding that of the Earth. When viewed in this context, the Solar System is unusual. Here, we present simulations which show that a p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Batygin K,Laughlin G

更新日期：2015-04-07 00:00:00