ApcMin, a mutation in the murine Apc gene, predisposes to mammary carcinomas and focal alveolar hyperplasias.

abstract：:Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor monomers and noncovalently associated dimers were isolated by sucrose density gradient centrifugation, and their respective binding and autophosphorylation activities were determined. We find that monomers are low-affinity receptors and dimers are high-affinity receptors. In the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Böni-Schnetzler M,Pilch PF

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Shell shape and shell thickness of the intertidal snail Littorina obtusata changed markedly between 1871 and 1984 in northern New England. Shells collected prior to 1900 were high-spired with thin walls, whereas shells collected in 1982-84 were low-spired with thick walls. An intertidal crab (Carcinus maenas) which pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seeley RH

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new model of an autoimmune disease of the neuromuscular junction was obtained by injection of acetylcholine receptor purified from rat denervated muscles into Balb/c mice. Anti-rat, then anti-mouse acetylcholine receptor antibodies, appear in mouse serum during the immunization procedure. Electrophysiological invest...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Granato DA,Fulpius BW,Moody JF

更新日期：1976-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelin basic proteins (MBP) are major constituents of the myelin sheath of oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system, respectively. We previously showed that MBP-related transcripts are present in the bone marrow and the immune system. These mRNAs are transcribe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marty MC,Alliot F,Rutin J,Fritz R,Trisler D,Pessac B

更新日期：2002-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Fatty liver disease (FLD) is a disorder in which accumulation of triglycerides (TGs) in the liver can lead to inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Previously, we identified a variant (I148M) in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) that is strongly associated with FLD, but the mechanistic b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： BasuRay S,Wang Y,Smagris E,Cohen JC,Hobbs HH

更新日期：2019-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Colloquium on the roles of homologous recombination in DNA replication are summarized. Current findings in experimental systems ranging from bacteriophages to mammalian cell lines substantiate the idea that homologous recombination is a system supporting DNA replication ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kuzminov A

更新日期：2001-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid have been attached covalently to the 5' terminus of the deoxynucleotide sequence C-A-C-A-A-T-T-C-C-A-C-A-C-A-A-C (16-mer) via an ethylenediamine linker. In the presence of Fe2+ and dithiothreitol, these reagents bring about the hybridization-depend...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chu BC,Orgel LE

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro assembly of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) from its constituent RNA and protein occurs in two steps: formation of the initial complex by interaction of the 5'-end of TMV-RNA with 20S protein aggregate, and growth of the helical rod by sequential addition of protein subunits.Such a process was also observed in the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ono T,Inoue H,Okada Y

更新日期：1972-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although inappropriate activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway has been implicated in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the role of this signaling in liver carcinogenesis remains unclear. To investigate this issue, we constructed a mutant mouse strain, Apc(lox/lox), in which exon 14 of the tumor-su...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Colnot S,Decaens T,Niwa-Kawakita M,Godard C,Hamard G,Kahn A,Giovannini M,Perret C

更新日期：2004-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We combine direct surface force measurements with thermodynamic arguments to demonstrate that pure ionic liquids are expected to behave as dilute weak electrolyte solutions, with typical effective dissociated ion concentrations of less than 0.1% at room temperature. We performed equilibrium force-distance measurements...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gebbie MA,Valtiner M,Banquy X,Fox ET,Henderson WA,Israelachvili JN

更新日期：2013-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The protein products of T4 bacteriophage genes 41, 43, 45, 44, and 62 have been purified to near homogeneity using an assay which measures their stimulation of DNA synthesis in a crude lysate of Escherichia coli cells in fected by an appropriate mutant phage. When all of these proteins and T4 gene 32 protein are incub...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morris CF,Sinha NK,Alberts BM

更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The primate visual motion system performs numerous functions essential for survival in a dynamic visual world. Prominent among these functions is the ability to recover and represent the trajectories of objects in a form that facilitates behavioral responses to those movements. The first step toward this goal, which c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Albright TD,Stoner GR

更新日期：1995-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to assess whether DNA rearrangement occurs with equal frequency at each of the several J (joining region) elements in the mouse kappa light chain locus, we set out to determine the relative frequency of usage of J kappa segments in populations of B lymphocytes unperturbed by antigenic selection or cloning. To...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wood DL,Coleclough C

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:cDNA array technology has proven to be a powerful way to monitor global changes in gene expression patterns. Here, we present an approach that extends the current utility of cDNA arrays to allow the evaluation of the relative roles of transcription and mRNA turnover in governing gene expression on a global basis, comp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fan J,Yang X,Wang W,Wood WH 3rd,Becker KG,Gorospe M

更新日期：2002-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of the isolated perfused rat liver to differentiate between chylomicrons and remnants with either high or low apoprotein E:C ratios was investigated. Remnants were prepared in hepatectomized rats injected with chylomicrons double-labeled with [3H]cholesterol and 14C-labeled fatty acids. By densitometric sc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Borensztajn J,Kotlar TJ

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein aggregation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, and the mechanism of its progression is poorly understood. Here, we examine the structural and dynamic characteristics of transiently evolving protein aggregates under ambient conditions by directly probing protein surface wat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pavlova A,Cheng CY,Kinnebrew M,Lew J,Dahlquist FW,Han S

更新日期：2016-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Two regioisomers with C3 or D3 symmetry of water-soluble carboxylic acid C60 derivatives, containing three malonic acid groups per molecule, were synthesized and found to be equipotent free radical scavengers in solution as assessed by EPR analysis. Both compounds also inhibited the excitotoxic death of cultured corti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dugan LL,Turetsky DM,Du C,Lobner D,Wheeler M,Almli CR,Shen CK,Luh TY,Choi DW,Lin TS

更新日期：1997-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Iron is an essential nutrient for the survival of most organisms and has played a central role in the virulence of many infectious disease pathogens. Mycobacterial IdeR is an iron-dependent repressor that shows 80% identity in the functional domains with its corynebacterial homologue, DtxR (diphtheria toxin repressor)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Manabe YC,Saviola BJ,Sun L,Murphy JR,Bishai WR

更新日期：1999-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The binned distribution densities of magnitudes in both the complete and the declustered catalogs of earthquakes in the Southern California region have two significantly different branches with crossover magnitude near M = 4.8. In the case of declustered earthquakes, the b-values on the two branches differ significant...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knopoff L

更新日期：2000-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Two differentiation antigens of spermatogenesis in the mouse are defined by monoclonal antibodies from hybridomas produced between the myeloma P3-X63Ag8 and spleen lymphocytes immunized with syngeneic testis cells. These antigens are on testis cells, and not liver, kidney, brain, spleen, or whole ovary. They are speci...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bechtol KB,Brown SC,Kennett RH

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T cells interacting with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) form an "immunological synapse" (IS), a bull's-eye pattern composed of a central supramolecular activation cluster enriched with T cell receptors (TCRs) surrounded by a ring of adhesion molecules (a peripheral supramolecular activation cluster). The mechanism re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaizuka Y,Douglass AD,Varma R,Dustin ML,Vale RD

更新日期：2007-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Sialyl Lewis x (sLe(x)) and sialyl Lewis a (sLe(a)) glycans are expressed on highly metastatic colon cancer cells. They promote extravasation of cancer cells and tumor angiogenesis via interacting with E-selectin on endothelial cells. Recently, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been noted as a critical pheno...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sakuma K,Aoki M,Kannagi R

更新日期：2012-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Acyl-homoserine lactone (acyl-HSL) signaling is thought to mediate quorum sensing in many species of Proteobacteria. The opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses acyl-HSLs to regulate hundreds of genes, including many that code for extracellular virulence factors. The idea that the P. aeruginosa acyl-H...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yarwood JM,Volper EM,Greenberg EP

更新日期：2005-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Fertilization and certain later stages in mammalian embryonic development require fusion between membranes of individual cells. The mechanism of eukaryotic cell-cell fusion is unknown, and no surface molecules required for this process have been unequivocally identified. The role of the sperm surface protein fertilin ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Myles DG,Kimmel LH,Blobel CP,White JM,Primakoff P

更新日期：1994-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptive behavior requires animals to learn from experience. Ideally, learning should both promote choices that lead to rewards and reduce choices that lead to losses. Because the ventral striatum (VS) contains neurons that respond to aversive stimuli and aversive stimuli can drive dopamine release in the VS, it is po...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Taswell CA,Costa VD,Murray EA,Averbeck BB

更新日期：2018-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Although antibodies to HLA play a role in the pathogenesis of diseases processes such as rejection of transplanted organs, the precise mechanisms by which antibodies cause tissue injury are not completely understood. We hypothesized that antibodies to host tissues cause inflammation in part by activating endothelial e...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yamakuchi M,Kirkiles-Smith NC,Ferlito M,Cameron SJ,Bao C,Fox-Talbot K,Wasowska BA,Baldwin WM 3rd,Pober JS,Lowenstein CJ

更新日期：2007-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central regulator of cell growth and proliferation in response to growth factor and nutrient signaling. Consequently, this kinase is implicated in metabolic diseases including cancer and diabetes, so there is great interest in understanding the complete spectrum of mTOR-re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang BT,Ducker GS,Barczak AJ,Barbeau R,Erle DJ,Shokat KM

更新日期：2011-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular basis of bacterial cell morphogenesis remains largely an open question. Here we discover a morphogenic protein, RodZ, which is widely conserved across the bacterial kingdom. In Caulobacter crescentus, RodZ is essential for viability and is involved in all aspects of this organism's complex morphology. De...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alyahya SA,Alexander R,Costa T,Henriques AO,Emonet T,Jacobs-Wagner C

更新日期：2009-01-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatocytes polarize by forming functionally distinct sinusoidal (basolateral) and canalicular (apical) plasma membrane domains. Two distinct routes are used for delivery of membrane proteins to the canaliculus. Proteins having glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors or single transmembrane domains are targeted to the si...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wakabayashi Y,Dutt P,Lippincott-Schwartz J,Arias IM

更新日期：2005-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigate yeast sex chromosome evolution by comparing genome sequences from 16 species in the family Saccharomycetaceae, including data from genera Tetrapisispora, Kazachstania, Naumovozyma, and Torulaspora. We show that although most yeast species contain a mating-type (MAT) locus and silent HML and HMR loci str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gordon JL,Armisén D,Proux-Wéra E,ÓhÉigeartaigh SS,Byrne KP,Wolfe KH

更新日期：2011-12-13 00:00:00