Cloning of casbene synthase cDNA: evidence for conserved structural features among terpenoid cyclases in plants.

abstract：:In Arabidopsis thaliana, biosynthesis of the essential thiol antioxidant, glutathione (GSH), is plastid-regulated, but many GSH functions, including heavy metal detoxification and plant defense activation, depend on cytosolic GSH. This finding suggests that plastid and cytosol thiol pools are closely integrated and we...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Maughan SC,Pasternak M,Cairns N,Kiddle G,Brach T,Jarvis R,Haas F,Nieuwland J,Lim B,Müller C,Salcedo-Sora E,Kruse C,Orsel M,Hell R,Miller AJ,Bray P,Foyer CH,Murray JA,Meyer AJ,Cobbett CS

更新日期：2010-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Human mitochondria contain their own genome, mitochondrial DNA, that is expressed in the mitochondrial matrix. This genome encodes 13 vital polypeptides that are components of the multisubunit complexes that couple oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The inner mitochondrial membrane that houses these complexes compris...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zorkau M,Albus CA,Berlinguer-Palmini R,Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZMA,Lightowlers RN

更新日期：2021-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive flexibility depends on a fast neural learning mechanism for enhancing momentary relevant over irrelevant information. A possible neural mechanism realizing this enhancement uses fast spiking interneurons (FSIs) in the striatum to train striatal projection neurons to gate relevant and suppress distracting cor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Banaie Boroujeni K,Oemisch M,Hassani SA,Womelsdorf T

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Associative memory of the mollusc Hermissenda crassicornis, previously correlated with changes of specific K+ currents, protein phosphorylation, and increased synthesis of mRNA and specific proteins, is here shown to be accompanied by macroscopic alteration in the structure of a single identified neuron, the medial ty...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alkon DL,Ikeno H,Dworkin J,McPhie DL,Olds JL,Lederhendler I,Matzel L,Schreurs BG,Kuzirian A,Collin C

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:G proteins are activated when they associate with G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), often in response to agonist-mediated receptor activation. It is generally thought that agonist-induced receptor-G protein association necessarily promotes G protein activation and, conversely, that activated GPCRs do not interact w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okashah N,Wright SC,Kawakami K,Mathiasen S,Zhou J,Lu S,Javitch JA,Inoue A,Bouvier M,Lambert NA

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacteriophage T4-encoded RegB endoribonuclease is produced during the early stage of phage development and targets mostly (but not exclusively) the Shine-Dalgarno sequences of early genes. In this work, we show that the degradation of RegB-cleaved mRNAs depends on a functional T4 polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Durand S,Richard G,Bontems F,Uzan M

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete primary structure of the purple membrane protein bacteriorhodopsin, which contains 248 amino acid residues, has been determined. Methods used for separation of the hydrophobic fragments included gel permeation and reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography in organic solvents. The amino acid sequen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khorana HG,Gerber GE,Herlihy WC,Gray CP,Anderegg RJ,Nihei K,Biemann K

更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic pheomelanins from enzymic oxidation of the 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) derivative 5-S-cysteinyldopa have been examined by ESR spectroscopy. These alkalisoluble polymers contain a novel kind of free radical that is spectroscopically distinct from that found in eumelanins. Delocalization of the unpaired ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sealy RC,Hyde JS,Felix CC,Menon IA,Prota G,Swartz HM,Persad S,Haberman HF

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human T cell leukemia virus I basic leucine zipper protein (HTLV-1 HBZ) maintains chronic viral infection and promotes leukemogenesis through poorly understood mechanisms involving interactions with the KIX domain of the transcriptional coactivator CBP and its paralog p300. The KIX domain binds regulatory proteins...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang K,Stanfield RL,Martinez-Yamout MA,Dyson HJ,Wilson IA,Wright PE

更新日期：2018-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Fragment screens for new ligands have had wide success, notwithstanding their constraint to libraries of 1,000-10,000 molecules. Larger libraries would be addressable were molecular docking reliable for fragment screens, but this has not been widely accepted. To investigate docking's ability to prioritize fragments, a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teotico DG,Babaoglu K,Rocklin GJ,Ferreira RS,Giannetti AM,Shoichet BK

更新日期：2009-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Rearrangements of the RET receptor tyrosine kinase gene generating RET/PTC oncogenes are specific to papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most frequent thyroid tumor. Here, we show that the RET/PTC1 oncogene, when exogenously expressed in primary normal human thyrocytes, induces the expression of a large set of gene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Borrello MG,Alberti L,Fischer A,Degl'innocenti D,Ferrario C,Gariboldi M,Marchesi F,Allavena P,Greco A,Collini P,Pilotti S,Cassinelli G,Bressan P,Fugazzola L,Mantovani A,Pierotti MA

更新日期：2005-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The final step in hydrocarbon biosynthesis involves loss of CO from a fatty aldehyde. This decarbonylation is catalyzed by microsomes from Botyrococcus braunii. Among the several detergents tested for solubilizing the decarbonylase, octyl beta-glucoside (0.1%) was found to be the most effective and released 65% of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dennis M,Kolattukudy PE

更新日期：1992-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Stearic acid is toxic for T lymphocytes in vitro but has little effect on B lymphocytes. To investigate the molecular basis for this difference, purified murine T and B lymphocytes were compared for their abilities to incorporate and metabolize stearic acid. Unstimulated T and B cells incorporated identical amounts of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buttke TM,Van Cleave S,Steelman L,McCubrey JA

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome engineering in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) holds great promise for biomedical research and regenerative medicine. Recently, an RNA-guided, DNA-cleaving interference pathway from bacteria [the type II clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) pathway] h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hou Z,Zhang Y,Propson NE,Howden SE,Chu LF,Sontheimer EJ,Thomson JA

更新日期：2013-09-24 00:00:00

abstract：:UDP-xylose is a sugar donor required for the synthesis of diverse and important glycan structures in animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. Xylose-containing glycans are particularly abundant in plants and in the polysaccharide capsule that is the major virulence factor of the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bar-Peled M,Griffith CL,Doering TL

更新日期：2001-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a lethal weapon used by many bacteria to kill eukaryotic predators or prokaryotic competitors. Killing by the T6SS results from repetitive delivery of toxic effectors. Despite their importance in dictating bacterial fitness, systematic prediction of T6SS effectors remains challen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liang X,Moore R,Wilton M,Wong MJ,Lam L,Dong TG

更新日期：2015-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In a recently discovered class of oncogenes, GTPase-inhibiting mutations constitutively activate alpha subunits of signal-transducing guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins). Somatic mutations in a subclass of endocrine tumors are found in the arginine-179 codon of the alpha subunit of Gi2 (alpha i2), creatin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pace AM,Wong YH,Bourne HR

更新日期：1991-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Tregs are essential for maintaining peripheral tolerance, and thus targeting these cells may aid in the treatment of autoimmunity and cancer by enhancing or reducing suppressive functions, respectively. Before these cells can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes, it is necessary to understand how they maintain tolera...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pabbisetty SK,Rabacal W,Volanakis EJ,Parekh VV,Olivares-Villagómez D,Cendron D,Boyd KL,Van Kaer L,Sebzda E

更新日期：2016-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Higher acenes have drawn much attention as promising organic semiconductors with versatile electronic properties. However, the nature of their ground state and electronic excited states is still not fully clear. Their unusual chemical reactivity and instability are the main obstacles for experimental studies, and the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang Y,Davidson ER,Yang W

更新日期：2016-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:IFN-gamma is well known as the signature cytokine of CD4+ T helper 1, CD8+, and natural killer cells, but recent studies demonstrate that antigen-presenting cells, in particular dendritic cells (DCs), are another potent source for this proinflammatory cytokine. T-bet, a transcription factor that controls IFN-gamma exp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lugo-Villarino G,Maldonado-Lopez R,Possemato R,Penaranda C,Glimcher LH

更新日期：2003-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss or reduction in function of tumor suppressor genes contributes to tumorigenesis. Here, by allelic DNA copy number analysis using single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping array and mass spectrometry, we report homozygous deletion in glioblastoma multiformes at chromosome 13q21, where DACH1 gene is located. We fou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Watanabe A,Ogiwara H,Ehata S,Mukasa A,Ishikawa S,Maeda D,Ueki K,Ino Y,Todo T,Yamada Y,Fukayama M,Saito N,Miyazono K,Aburatani H

更新日期：2011-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecules of transfer RNA (tRNA) typically contain four stems composed of Watson-Crick (W-C) base pairs and infrequent mispairs such as G-U and A-C. The latter mispairs are fundamental units of RNA secondary structure found in nearly every class of RNA and are nearly isomorphic to W-C pairs. Therefore, they often subs...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McClain WH

更新日期：2006-03-21 00:00:00

abstract：:AvrXa7 is a member of the avrBs3 avirulence gene family, which encodes proteins targeted to plant cells by a type III secretion apparatus. AvrXa7, the product of avrXa7, is also a virulence factor in strain PXO86 of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Avirulence and virulence specificities are associated with the central r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang B,Zhu W,Johnson LB,White FF

更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Combined intracellular and microfluorometric recording techniques were used to evaluate whether the inhibition by cholinergic or adrenergic transmitters of the Ca2(+)-activated potassium current (IAHP) in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells was mediated by an alteration of depolarization-induced change in cytosolic free C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Knöpfel T,Vranesic I,Gähwiler BH,Brown DA

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The multiwavelength anomalous diffraction (MAD) method for phase evaluation is now widely used in macromolecular crystallography. Successful MAD structure determinations have been carried out at the K or L absorption edges of a variety of elements. In this study, we investigate the anomalous scattering properties of u...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu Y,Ogata CM,Hendrickson WA

更新日期：2001-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper is about an algorithm, FlexTree, for general supervised learning. It extends the binary tree-structured approach (Classification and Regression Trees, CART) although it differs greatly in its selection and combination of predictors. It is particularly applicable to assessing interactions: gene by gene and g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang J,Lin A,Narasimhan B,Quertermous T,Hsiung CA,Ho LT,Grove JS,Olivier M,Ranade K,Risch NJ,Olshen RA

更新日期：2004-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The actions of various opioids were examined on calcium action potentials in the cell somata of guinea pig myenteric neurones and on the release of acetylcholine at synapses onto these cells. The opioids morphine, normorphine, and [D-Ala2, MePhe4, Met5(O)]enkephalin-ol caused membrane hyperpolarizations resulting from...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cherubini E,North RA

更新日期：1985-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Achieving long-term pancellular expression of a transferred gene at therapeutic level in a given hematopoietic lineage remains an important goal of gene therapy. Advances have recently been made in the genetic correction of the hemoglobinopathies by means of lentiviral vectors and large locus control region (LCR) deri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Imren S,Payen E,Westerman KA,Pawliuk R,Fabry ME,Eaves CJ,Cavilla B,Wadsworth LD,Beuzard Y,Bouhassira EE,Russell R,London IM,Nagel RL,Leboulch P,Humphries RK

更新日期：2002-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of human monocyte-macrophages to as little as 50 microliters of cultured medium from lymphocytes stimulated by concanavalin A (Con A) resulted in a dramatic decrease in the activities of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor pathway, the LDL-dextran sulfate pathway, and the scavenger receptor pathway. Th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fogelman AM,Seager J,Haberland ME,Hokom M,Tanaka R,Edwards PA

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inability to perceive and coordinate both internal and external signals that function to regulate cellular growth and proliferation is a hallmark of oncogenic transformation. To examine the effects of the v-mos oncogene on distinct signal transduction pathways, the 6m2 cell line was used, in which expression of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hamilton BJ,DeFranco D

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00