Abstract:
:Two patients receiving low dose methotrexate, one with rheumatoid arthritis and the other with pityriasis rubra pilaris, developed disseminated histoplasmosis and Mycobacterium avium intracellulare pneumonia, respectively. Twenty-three cases of opportunistic infection in patients receiving low dose methotrexate have been reported previously, with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia being the most common infection (10 of 23, 43%). Patients receiving low dose methotrexate are at risk for opportunistic infection despite normal leukocyte counts.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
LeMense GP,Sahn SAdoi
10.1164/ajrccm.150.1.8025760subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-07-01 00:00:00pages
258-60issue
1eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970journal_volume
150pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Normoxic lung ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) leads to oxidative injury of the pulmonary tissue. We analyzed angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in perfused rat lungs upon I/R in order to assess the endothelial injury produced. I/R led to a time-dependent increase in ACE activity in the perfusate, from 145+/-14 mU to 252+/...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.4.96-12116
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) on cough threshold in patients with digestive symptoms but free from respiratory involvement. Of 57 consecutive subjects referred for 24-h esophageal pH monitoring because of digestive reflux symptoms, 29 patients free from respiratory...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.2.7842220
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relaxation was examined in diaphragm muscle strips of cardiomyopathic Syrian hamsters and control hamsters. Isotonic lengthening velocity and isometric tension decay were analyzed over the load continuum in response to twitch. For each load level (P), we measured the maximum extent of shortening (deltaL), the peak len...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.5.9154860
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:IL-9 is a pleiotropic cytokine that has multiple effects on structural as well as numerous hematopoietic cells, which are central to the pathogenesis of asthma. OBJECTIVES:The contribution of IL-9 to asthma pathogenesis has thus far been unclear, due to conflicting reports in the literature. These earlier st...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200909-1462OC
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dysfunction of the muscles of ambulation contributes to exercise intolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Men with COPD have high prevalence of low testosterone levels, which may contribute to muscle weakness. We determined effects of testosterone supplementation (100 mg of testosterone enanthate i...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200305-617OC
更新日期:2004-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Retrospective studies have suggested that combination antibiotic therapy for severe bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia may reduce mortality. We assessed this issue in a prospective, multicenter, international observational study of 844 adult patients with bacteremia due to Streptococcus pneumoniae. The effect of combin...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1164/rccm.200311-1578OC
更新日期:2004-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Men have higher prevalence rates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than women, which has been attributed to the historically higher rates of cigarette smoking in males. However, the increased rates of cigarette smoking in females within the last several decades have been associated with steadily increasi...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.6.2003112
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:When subclavian access is not possible, controversy exists between the internal jugular and femoral sites for the choice of central-venous access in intensive care unit patients. OBJECTIVES:To compare infection and colonization rates of short-term jugular and femoral catheters. METHODS:Using data from two m...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.201303-0460OC
更新日期:2013-11-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Defective efferocytosis (phagocytic clearance of apoptotic cells) in the airway may perpetuate inflammation via secondary necrosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We have previously reported that low-dose azithromycin improved alveolar macrophage (AM) phagocytic function in vitro. OBJECTIVES...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200711-1666OC
更新日期:2008-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Morphologic changes in pulmonary muscular arteries may modify the mechanisms that regulate the pulmonary vascular tone and contribute to maintaining an adequate ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) matching in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To analyze the relationships between the abnormalities of...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.149.2.8306040
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been treated simultaneously with isoniazid and rifampin. As a consequence of this combined therapy, strains resistant only to rifampin were rarely recovered. However, recently there has been an increasing number of reports describing HIV-positive patie...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564140
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human neutrophil elastase (HNE), an enzyme secreted by activated neutrophils, can bind to and degrade extracellular matrix including human lung elastin. This protease is believed to play an important role in several destructive processes including pulmonary emphysema. In this study, we hypothesized that an alveolar ma...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.160.3.9806047
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Activin-A is up-regulated in various respiratory disorders. However, its precise role in pulmonary pathophysiology has not been adequately substantiated in vivo. OBJECTIVES:To investigate in vivo the consequences of dysregulated Activin-A expression in the lung and identify key Activin-A-induced processes th...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201105-0784OC
更新日期:2012-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important regulators of diverse biological functions. Their role in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains to be explored.Objectives: To elucidate the role of TYKRIL (tyrosine kinase receptor-inducing lncRNA) as a regulator of p53/ PDGFRβ (platelet-derive...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201910-2041OC
更新日期:2020-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Loss of lung elastic recoil causing hyperinflation with increased TLC and decreased diffusing capacity and expiratory airflow are physiologic hallmarks of emphysema. We studied lung mechanics in 10 patients (seven men and three women) aged 69 +/- 9 yr (mean +/- SD) who had fixed, severe expiratory airflow limitation w...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.3.9801045
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of nutritional status in the prognosis of subjects with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was studied in a cohort of Canadian men and women followed for 3 to 5 yr. A total of 348 subjects who were recruited for a study of negative pressure ventilation were evaluated for lung function and body weigh...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.3.8630580
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasingly recognized as a multicomponent disease with systemic consequences and effects on quality of life. Single measures such as lung function provide a limited reflection of how the disease affects patients. Composite measures have the potential to accoun...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200902-0271OC
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition in which continuous bronchodilation may have clinical advantages. This study evaluated salmeterol, a beta-agonist bronchodilator with a duration of action substantially longer than that of short-acting beta-agonists, compared with ipratropium, an anticholiner...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.163.5.9903053
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a life-shortening condition. The European Society of Cardiology and European Respiratory Society and the REVEAL (North American Registry to Evaluate Early and Long-Term PAH Disease Management) risk score calculator (REVEAL 2.0) identify thresholds to predict 1-year m...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201909-1771OC
更新日期:2020-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Most patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) die from right heart failure. Beta-adrenergic receptor blockade reduces mortality by about 30% in patients with left-sided systolic heart failure, but is not used in PAH. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of the adrenergic receptor blocker carvedilol on ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201003-0335OC
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brush cells, also termed tuft, caveolated, multivesicular, and fibrillovesicular cells, are part of the epithelial layer in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts. The cells are characterized by the presence of a tuft of blunt, squat microvilli (approximately 120-140/cell) on the cell surface. The microvilli cont...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/rccm.200502-203WS
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is controversial whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the absence of hypoxemic lung disease. To investigate this further we measured awake pulmonary hemodynamics, pulmonary gas exchange, and small airways function in 32 patients with OSA (apnea- hypopnea index, mean +/- SE, 46...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.5.9805086
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Immediate graft performance after lung transplantation is associated with short- and long-term clinical outcomes. However, the biologic mechanism that determines outcomes is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the impact of cell death signals at 24 and 48 hours after lung transplantation on short...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201510-2115OC
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans exhibit an acute inflammatory response in the lungs after controlled laboratory exposure to ozone. The present study was designed to test whether biomarkers of inflammation are detectable in humans exposed to ozone and associated copollutants under natural conditions outdoors. Bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.154.5.8912760
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the host-defense against human tuberculosis (TB) is controversial. Although experimental evidence indicates that NO may play an important role in controlling TB, its expression in human tuberculous lungs has not been systematically characterized. We therefore investigated the expressio...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.2201023
更新日期:2002-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) has recently been noted to function as a pulmotrophic factor for lung regeneration. The present study was conducted to determine if HGF would be induced in a rat model of pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, which was established by occlusion of the left lung, and to examine the s...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.162.2.9908064
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of the hemodynamic effects of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (n-CPAP) in normal subjects have had conflicting results. The largest study (n = 19) found no effect of up to 15 cm H2O on heart rate (HR), cardiac stroke volume (SV), or cardiac index. We hypothesized that n-CPAP, by increasing intrathora...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.149.6.8004320
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tracheal and lung parenchymal SP-LI (substance P-like immunoreactivity) and VIP-LI (vasoactive intestinal peptide-like immunoreactivity) content was measured in HPLC-purified tissue extracts from patients with and without asthma. We detected significantly less SP-LI in tracheal tissue from asthmatic than from nonasthm...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.151.2.7531100
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently described surgical approaches to the treatment of emphysema, including buttressed stapled volume reduction and laser coagulation, are associated with variable clinical outcomes. We examined objective preoperative factors as predictors of response to treatment in patients enrolled in a randomized trial of stap...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.155.4.9105070
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Decision analysis was used to compare three alternative strategies for a 6-mo course of treatment for tuberculosis: directly observed drug therapy (DOT), self-administered fixed-dose combination drug therapy, and self-administered conventional individual drug therapy. Estimates of effectiveness were obtained from the ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.154.4.8887600
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00