Fractional absorption of ingested uranium in humans.

abstract：:Data on lung cancer mortality rates vs. average radon concentration in homes for 1,601 U.S. counties are used to test the linear-no threshold theory. The widely recognized problems with ecological studies, as applied to this work, are addressed extensively. With or without corrections for variations in smoking prevale...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cohen BL

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The movement through the environment and the toxicity to plants of 99Tc have been studied. However, information is scanty on 99Tc toxicity to mammals even though this is the decisive criterion for assessing the consequences of releases of Tc. A critical tissue could be the thyroid because of its preferential accumulat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gerber GB,Hegela M,Vankerkom J,Kirchmann R,Maisin JR,Lambiet-Collier M

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The technique of electron paramagnetic resonance dosimetry using tooth enamel was established in the late 1960s, and considerable research has been conducted to learn more about the benefits of using human teeth as dosimeters for the purpose of retrospective dose reconstruction. Comparatively few studies have been don...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Harshman A,Johnson T

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is strong evidence that ionizing radiation increases cancer risks at high doses (e.g., >or=1 Gy), and persuasive, if controversial, epidemiological evidence that cancer risks are increased at low doses ( approximately 10 mGy). Discussed here are the issues related to extrapolating radiation risks from low radiat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Brenner DJ

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Databases are being created that contain verified and updated dosimetry and worker history information for workers at the Mayak Production Association. Many workers had significant external and internal exposures, particularly during the early years (1948-1952) of operation. These dosimetric and worker history data ar...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Khokhryakov V,Suslova K,Aladova E,Vasilenko E,Miller SC,Slaughter DM,Krahenbuhl MP

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental releases of tritium oxide at a number of Department of Energy nuclear weapons facilities contribute to a significant portion of environmental dose. Several conversion factors are utilized in the estimation of human impact from these releases, e.g., dispersion coefficients, consumption rates, uptake facto...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hamby DM

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes an investigation into the distribution of radiation doses to workers, undertaken at the request of ICRP Committee 4. Three main questions are considered. Firstly, the distribution of annual doses to workers is described. Doses are generally well below the ICRP dose limits and most are below 15 mSv...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Johnston PD,Brenot J,Kendall GM

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, regulatory emphasis on the prevention of loss, theft and intentional misuse of radioactive materials at academic institutions has forced radiation safety personnel to devote increasing amounts of time and effort to address security issues. NRC regulations require that radioactive materials used or sto...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Farley DV,Normandin RD,Martz MD,Langhorst SM

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unlike detached or semi-detached houses, the main source of indoor radon in high-rise buildings is the building material. Radon released from the building material will be removed by ventilation, either forced or natural, so that its concentration, its progeny's concentration, and the equilibrium between the two will ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Leung JK,Tso MY,Ho CW

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two motivations for studying radiation risk are (1) to quantify the magnitude of risk as an aid to setting radiation protection standards and (2) to understand causality as an aid to assigning compensation for radiation exposed individuals whose disease or death may have been related to radiation exposure. Although it...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cologne J,Cullings H,Furukawa K,Ross P

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate any connection between high radon concentrations and low-infiltration houses, we have concurrently measured the 222Rn concentration and the infiltration rate in U.S. houses. Three housing surveys have been undertaken: one in "energy-efficient" houses located throughout the U.S. and two in "conventional" h...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Nero AV,Boegel ML,Hollowell CD,Ingersoll JG,Nazaroff WW

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A general method for solving first-order compartmental models (recycling and nonrecycling) with any number of radioactive progeny is described and a heuristic proof of the method is provided. The method can be applied to any system where the progeny are assumed to behave isokinetically with the parent, as is the case ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Birchall A,James AC

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Depleted uranium was first used on a large scale as a major component of munitions and armaments employed by the U.S. armed forces during the Gulf War in 1991. In response to concern that exposure to depleted uranium may have been a cause of health problems suffered by returning veterans of that war, an already existi...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： McDiarmid MA,Engelhardt SM,Oliver M

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes an environmental radionuclide baseline study undertaken for the Department of National Defence in Canada. The purpose of the project was to establish levels of radionuclides present in the environment around areas where nuclear propelled vessels may be berthed. Specifically, this report describes...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Waller EJ,Cole D

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Results of systematic long-term measurements of 90Sr and 137Cs in surface seawater, performed at four locations along the Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea, are summarized. Observed trends in annual mean activity concentrations are discussed. 90Sr and 137Cs fallout activities affect seawater activity, the coefficient...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Franić Z,Bauman A

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The U.S. Department of Energy initiated the Radiation Exposure Review Project to provide a critical reexamination of radiation doses to people resulting from testing nuclear devices at the Nevada Test Site. One part of this effort focused on the dose resulting from the ingestion of contaminated food. The PATHWAY radio...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kirchner TB,Whicker FW,Anspaugh LR,Ng YC

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-six white male subjects, who worked with plutonium (239Pu) during World War II at Los Alamos, have been given medical examinations periodically over a period of 42 y to identify potential health effects. Inhalation was the primary mode of Pu exposures. The latest examinations, including urine bioassay and in-vi...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Voelz GL,Lawrence JN

更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The radionuclide vector in the release plume from the destroyed unit 4 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant was assessed. Emphasis was laid on radionuclides relevant for the internal dose, including those with short half-lives, and on the radionuclide vector in the 30-km zone where practically no data in air or foodst...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Mück K,Pröhl G,Likhtarev I,Kovgan L,Meckbach R,Golikov V

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The terrestrial gamma radiation level was determined throughout the Sultanate of Oman over a 3-y period. The dose rate at 1 m above the ground was measured at 512 locations using a compensated Geiger-Miller detector. The activity concentration of soil/rock samples, collected from 112 locations, was determined by gamma...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Goddard CC

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An evaluation of available personnel monitoring data and radium body burden records of dial painters handling an annual average of 1.5 Ci of radium indicates that they received an average of about 2 rem/person whole body exposure, 3 rem to the lungs from radon inhalation and 0.2 rad to the bone from radium body burden...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Simpson RE,Shuman FG,Moghissi AA,Blackburn JA,Bailey ED

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the past 25 years, nuclear and radiological emergencies have occurred that cover much of the range of causes and types that had been anticipated by experts. Experience from response to these emergencies has clearly demonstrated the importance of an efficient response system that includes, among other components, em...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： McKenna T,Buglova E,Kutkov V

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study on absorption of radon by different edible oils of plant origins produced and used in India was conducted in order to identify efficient radon-absorbing oils. A comparative study of radon absorption by edible oils of India with that of olive oil, which is known as a good absorber of radon, was also carried out...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Karunakara N,Al-Azmi D

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uranium concentration in drinking water samples collected from some areas of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh has been measured using a laser induced fluorimetry technique. The sources of water comprise hand pumps and tube wells. Uranium concentration in the water samples from Punjab varies from 1.39 +/- 0.16 to 98.25 +/- ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Rani A,Singh S

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical efficacy and safety may be compromised if output from ultrasonic therapy transducers differs significantly from the indicated value. Space-averaged effective intensities selected for treatment are a ratio of the emitted ultrasonic power to the effective radiating area (ERA). In this study, ERA measurements fo...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Bly SH,Hussey RG,Kingsley JP,Dickson AW

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dicentric chromosome assay (DCA) has been regarded as the gold standard of radiation biodosimetry. The assay, however, requires a 2-d peripheral blood lymphocyte culture before starting metaphase chromosome analyses to estimate biological doses. Other biological assays also have drawbacks with respect to the time ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Suto Y,Gotoh T,Noda T,Akiyama M,Owaki M,Darroudi F,Hirai M

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A system for evaluating quality factors, Q, based on the microdosimetric distribution of the radiation field of interest has been set up; it makes use of a specific quality function (SQF) to obtain--given microdosimetric spectra--values for Q. The advantages of a system based on lineal energy are well recognized. Furt...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Zaider M

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The deployment of a radiological dispersal device (RDD) is likely to result in relatively low radiation exposure of the targeted population, insufficient to cause a severe radiation detriment. Nevertheless, due to atmospheric dispersion of the radioactive material, an urban area equaling several city blocks could be a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Steinhausler F

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dissolution characteristics of mixed-oxide nuclear fuels are important considerations for prediction of biological behavior of inhaled particles. Four representative industrial mixed-oxide powders were obtained from fuel fabrication enclosures. Studies of the dissolution of Pu, Am and U from aerosol particles of these...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Eidson AF,Mewhinney JA

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Everyone will agree that specialized computer programs have done away with the many tedious tasks associated with manually keeping track of radioisotopes. Enhanced electronic programs have virtually cut the time of managing radioisotopes. Agriculture and Agri-Food, Canada's (AAFC) program for the management of radiois...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ritchot N,Santary W

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soils, vegetation, small mammals, and birds were measured for uranium series radionuclides at three sites near the operating Key Lake uranium mill in northern Saskatchewan. Sites, impacted by windblown tailings and mill dust, had significantly higher concentrations of uranium, 226Ra, 210Pb, and 210Po in soils, litter,...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Thomas PA

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00