Abstract:
:In recent years, regulatory emphasis on the prevention of loss, theft and intentional misuse of radioactive materials at academic institutions has forced radiation safety personnel to devote increasing amounts of time and effort to address security issues. NRC regulations require that radioactive materials used or stored in controlled or unrestricted areas be secure from unauthorized removal or be under constant surveillance when in use. This leaves open to interpretation what types of security are required for radioactive materials in restricted areas. Adhering to the goal of keeping exposures As Low As Reasonable Achievable (ALARA), a risk-based system for radioactive materials security in a university setting is proposed based on Annual Limits of Intake (ALI). This system establishes levels of security based on physical form, activity and concentration. Using this system, radiation safety personnel can more effectively establish reasonable security measures for radioactive material consistent with minimizing the realistic potential of serious harm or injury.
journal_name
Health Physjournal_title
Health physicsauthors
Farley DV,Normandin RD,Martz MD,Langhorst SMdoi
10.1097/00004032-200311002-00009keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-11-01 00:00:00pages
S85-8issue
5 Suppleissn
0017-9078issn
1538-5159journal_volume
85pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
HEALTH PHYSICS文献大全abstract::Reconstructed meteorological data are often used in some form of long-term wind trajectory models for estimating the historical impacts of atmospheric emissions. Meteorological data for the straight-line Gaussian plume model are put into a joint frequency distribution, a three-dimensional array describing atmospheric ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200201000-00008
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The life-time tumor dose-response relationships observed in beagles injected with 226Ra or fed 90Sr at the University of California, Davis, provide a basis for understanding the induction of bone cancer for these bone-seeking radionuclides and for scaling to people. In these studies 385 dogs were exposed to graded dos...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198306001-00002
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A general method for solving first-order compartmental models (recycling and nonrecycling) with any number of radioactive progeny is described and a heuristic proof of the method is provided. The method can be applied to any system where the progeny are assumed to behave isokinetically with the parent, as is the case ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199408000-00007
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, data on exposures of humans as well as animals to fission products in plumes emitted by underground Soviet tests have been declassified by the Khazakhstan government and published in English. Similar human intakes of gross fission product mixtures that caused acute prodromal symptoms have not been previously...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000326453.18919.e2
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The many reports and other authoritative documents developed and published by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) have been of great service to the nation and the radiation protection community since its Congressional charter was signed into law 50 y ago. There will be a continuing nee...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000228
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new 241Am lung monitoring system without shielding was devised by using an imaging plate system. The Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's realistic torso phantom containing a 241Am lung was covered by imaging plates sealed in lightproof bags. The imaging plate system displayed 241Am lung images characteristic of...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000258917.88579.a3
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess internal annual dose in the general public in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, 80 duplicate cooked diet samples, equivalent to the food consumed over a 400-d period by one person, were collected from 100 volunteers in Aomori City and the village of Rokkasho during 2006–2010 and were analyzed for 11 radionuclides. T...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e31829ae95f
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consideration of the equilibrium factor F between the concentration of the radon daughters and the concentration of radon is a part of the evaluation of the measurements of radon daughter concentrations in dwellings when applying limits. Measurements of radon, radon daughters and air exchange rates have been carried o...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198308000-00021
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following the tragic events of 11 September 2001, the nation has made significant strides in preparing for disasters and emergencies of all types. Federal funding to state, local, territorial, and tribal public health and healthcare systems has required an all-hazards preparedness approach with special focus on those ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000754
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The broad based mission statements of public institutions whose charters are to educate the public is analyzed so that common threads pertinent to homeland security action items can be correlated with the public education scope. The intent of the coordination is to ensure that the prevention component in addition to t...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200308001-00013
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study reports measurements of the skin surface temperature elevations during localized irradiation (94 GHz) of three species: rat (irradiated on lower abdomen), rhesus monkey (posterior forelimb), and human (posterior forearm). Two exposure conditions were examined: prolonged, low power density microwaves (LPM) a...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200305000-00006
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Marshall Islands were the site of numerous tests of nuclear weapons by the United States. From 1946 to 1958, nuclear devices were detonated at Enewetak and Bikini Atolls. Following the inadvertent contamination of the northern islands downwind of the 1954 Bravo Test, Brookhaven National Laboratory became involved ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199707000-00007
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Throughout 53 years of operations, an estimated 29,300 TBq of tritium were released to the atmosphere at the Livermore site of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL); about 75% of this was released as tritium gas primarily in two accidental releases. A tritium dose reconstruction was undertaken to chronicle bot...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000310998.38314.f3
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radiation safety implications following the administration of 131I for the treatment of Grave's disease to a patient undergoing home-based renal dialysis was investigated. External dose-rate measurements from the patient revealed a peak value at around day 2, post administration. The effective half-life was determ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000221448.21938.36
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two-cell mouse embryos were exposed in vitro to tributyl phosphate, x rays, or a combination of both. In-vitro development of the embryos was followed microscopically (cleavage to four- and eight-cell embryos, formation of morulae and blastocysts, and hatching of blastocysts). Effects on proliferation were estimated b...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198712000-00009
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An evaluation was performed to determine the distribution of radiation dose received by vascular/interventional radiologists, hence forth called radiologists, to their hands and arms during interventional radiology procedures. During 87 patient procedures, measurements were made using thermoluminescent dosimeters to d...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199902001-00011
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan (FRERP) directs the Department of Energy (DOE) to maintain a viable, timely, and fully documented response option capable of supporting the responsible Lead Federal Agency in the event of a radiological emergency impacting any state or United States territory (e.g., CON...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200002001-00007
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assumptions supporting a chronic aqueous release methodology are inappropriate for estimating dose from accidental discharges. A method of modeling acute or accidental releases is being developed for predicting maximum individual dose. Standardization of consumption rates and usage factors for acute aqueous releases i...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199206000-00011
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simultaneous detection of gross alpha and beta radioactivity was studied using gas proportional counting. This measurement is a part of a method mandated by US Environmental Protection Agency to screen for alpha and beta radioactivity in drinking water. Responses of a gas proportional detector to alpha and beta part...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200111000-00011
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sources of outdoor and indoor atmospheric radon are examined. The variation of outdoor atmospheric radon with time of day, time of year, altitude and geographic location is quantitatively assessed. Average values of outdoor atmospheric radon concentrations are examined and it is estimated that the mean value for n...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198308000-00002
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Region of Interest (ROI) Fluoroscopy, an ROI filter is inserted into the x-ray beam in order to decrease the patient exposure in the peripheral part of the field of view. A filter placement device has been designed and constructed for the practical implementation of ROI fluoroscopy. When unmodified spot films are r...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199701000-00020
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possibility of the occurrence of radiation accidents is increasing in the Asian region. However, training/education programs for medical professionals have not been established to improve the medical preparedness for radiation emergencies in the Asian region. As one of the activities for radiation emergency medica...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e3181cd413b
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::While much of the language used to express the concepts of radiation protection works effectively, there are many ill-chosen names and phrases and much jargon that permeate our professional speech and writing. From the oxymoron "internal exposure" to the "snarl word" "decay," there is much room for improvement. This e...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200203000-00010
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of 226Ra-activated markings was specific for military equipment some decades ago and the extent of possible internal exposure of former military personnel due to ingestion of 226Ra is an issue of discussion. Whole- or partial-body counts are not sensitive enough to trace an overexposure due to a possible 226Ra...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e3181d18d2e
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mathematical model describing the dynamics of lymphopoiesis in mammals continuously exposed to ionizing radiation has been developed. It is based on the theory of chalone regulation of hematopoiesis. The model comprises a system of nine differential equations. Results from the model were compared with our experiment...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199107000-00009
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical health physics is the profession dedicated to the protection of healthcare providers, members of the public, and patients from unwarranted radiation exposure. Medical health physicists must be knowledgeable in the principles of health physics and in the applications of radiation in medicine. Advances in medica...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004032-200405000-00001
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mathematical simulations and benchmark measurements were performed to assess the impact that normal variations in human calcium content have on in vivo K x-ray fluorescence measurements of lead in bone. Four sets of cortical bone tissue simulants were fabricated containing from 20.8% to 23.8% calcium (by weight) for m...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e3181f725af
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental releases of tritium oxide at a number of Department of Energy nuclear weapons facilities contribute to a significant portion of environmental dose. Several conversion factors are utilized in the estimation of human impact from these releases, e.g., dispersion coefficients, consumption rates, uptake facto...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199909000-00007
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Field Research Division uses the HYRad-HYSPLIT dispersion model to assess hypothetical accidental releases of airborne radioactive materials at the Idaho National Laboratory in southeastern Idaho. The State of Idaho Department of Environmental Quality Idaho Na...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000907
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work summarizes the measurements and associated environmental dosimetry of reactor-released 137Cs and 134Cs and weapons-produced 137Cs in samples of water, shoreline sediment and fish collected from 1971 to 1980 in the Hudson River Estuary. Trends observed in annual mean concentrations and the resultant dose impl...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198609000-00003
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00