Development of a rapidly deployed Department of Energy emergency response element.

abstract：:Improved health effects models have been developed for assessing the early effects, late somatic effects and genetic effects that might result from low-LET radiation exposures to populations following a major accident in a nuclear power plant. All the models have been developed in such a way that the dynamics of popul...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Evans JS,Moeller DW

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For the purpose of improving retrospective internal thyroid dose estimations for children and adolescents following the Chernobyl accident, age- and gender-dependent thyroid masses have been estimated for the children of Kiev and Zhytomyr oblasts, which are two of the most contaminated regions of Northern Ukraine. For...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Likhtarov I,Kovgan L,Masiuk S,Chepurny M,Ivanova O,Gerasymenko V,Boyko Z,Voillequé P,Antipkin Y,Lutsenko S,Oleynik V,Kravchenko V,Tronko M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neyman-Pearson principles are briefly discussed and 95% confidence intervals of the form [0, ##.##] are presented. Use is made of the fact that the probability of the difference of two random variables, each with a Poisson distribution, can be expressed in terms of modified Bessel functions of integral order and eleme...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Potter WE

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radioactive sources have been inadvertently incorporated into consignments of scrap metal in various locations throughout the world. In 1990, a 3.7 GBq 137 Cs source, due for transfer from a Scottish industrial establishment to one in England, was mistakenly included in a scrap consignment destined for Irish Steel, a ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： O'Grady JO,Hone C,Turvey FJ

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Manipulations of lethally-irradiated animals, such as for administration of pharmaceuticals, blood sampling, or other laboratory procedures, have the potential to induce stress effects that may negatively affect morbidity and mortality. To investigate this in a murine model of the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrom...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Plett PA,Sampson CH,Chua HL,Jackson W,Vemula S,Sellamuthu R,Fisher A,Feng H,Wu T,MacVittie TJ,Orschell CM

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Internal exposure due to inhalation of aerosols depends on the ratio of aerodynamic shape factor (χ) to aerosol mass density (ρ). Inhaled aerosol parameters may differ from the default ρ and χ values provided by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, which are adopted for the assessment of internal e...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Zhang B,Sheng W,Xu M,Zhang Y,Lei JY,Ma HC

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A dosimetry system for computed tomography (CT) examinations, named WAZA-ARI, is being developed to accurately assess radiation doses to patients in Japan. For dose calculations in WAZA-ARI, organ doses were numerically analyzed using average adult Japanese male (JM) and female (JF) phantoms with the Particle and Heav...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Takahashi F,Sato K,Endo A,Ono K,Ban N,Hasegawa T,Katsunuma Y,Yoshitake T,Kai M

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An empirical expression of cavity theory for electron fields is developed in a fashion similar to Burlin's general theory of cavity ionization for photons. It incorporates a term that relates the absorbed dose ratio in the cavity and material medium to the differences in electron scattering. This new expression correl...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ogunleye OT,Paliwal BR

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experience gained from involvement in a number of emergency response activities since September 2001 in Texas indicated that the likely roles of statewide medical reserve corps units typically included aspects such as crowd control, registration and tracking, and information management. The need for training specifica...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Emery RJ,Sprau DD,Morecook RC,Herbold J

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dose rates from contaminated soil and hot particles have been calculated for several organs of a reference human. The calculation was performed using the computer code QAD-CGGP, a point kernel code employing combinatorial geometry for the representation of the human phantom. QAD uses buildup factors based on the geome...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Tsoulfanidis N,Phillips K

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The data presented show early results from a longitudinal survey of "therapeutic" ultrasonic instrument performance in clinical physiotherapy. Previous studies undertaken in North America and the United Kingdom have shown that these units tend not to be scientifically tested and recalibrated, and have been found to ha...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Fyfe MC,Parnell SM

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In situ recovery or in situ leach (ISR/ISL) uranium facilities, also referred to in the past as "uranium solution mining" have operated since the late 1960s in the US and in recent years have accounted for over 70% of US production and, internationally, approximately half of worldwide uranium supplies. Note that throu...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Brown SH

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A low-background phoswich detector is used to detect small amounts of 147Pm--a pure beta-emitting nuclide--present in the liver of an occupational worker. The assessment was based on the measurement of bremsstrahlung radiation produced by the beta particles in the tissue. Computer programs based on Monte Carlo techniq...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Bhati S

更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The processes of uranium extraction, purification, and manufacture involve the risk of chemical intoxication. Acute uranium poisoning elicits renal failure which in turn may lead to death. Great efforts have been put into the search for a protective agent for acute uranium poisoning. Several chelating agents such as E...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ubios AM,Braun EM,Cabrini RL

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Due to their high stability and accumulation over time, translocations are currently the cytogenetic marker of choice for radiation dose estimation following protracted radiation overexposures or overexposures that occurred up to several decades in the past (environmental/occupational/medical exposures). In the course...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Beinke C,Meineke V

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objectives of this research were (1) to analyze the transfers of 137Cs and 60Co in a retention pond, with emphasis on aquatic insects and (2) to determine if detectable concentrations of these radionuclides are exported by emerging aquatic insects. We analyzed the radionuclide concentrations in the following compo...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Voshell JR Jr,Eldridge JS,Oakes TW

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To validate a model for radon transport in soil, measurements of diffusive radon transport under well-defined and controlled conditions have been made in a homogeneous column of dry sand with an air-filled volume on top. This volume simulates a crawl space. The measurements concern time-dependent diffusive transport w...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： van der Spoel WH,van der Graaf ER,de Meijer RJ

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple method based on inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was developed to identify exposure to depleted uranium by measuring the isotopic composition of uranium in urine. Exposure to depleted uranium results in a decreased percentage of 235U in urine samples causing measurements to vary between n...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ejnik JW,Carmichael AJ,Hamilton MM,McDiarmid M,Squibb K,Boyd P,Tardiff W

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate any connection between high radon concentrations and low-infiltration houses, we have concurrently measured the 222Rn concentration and the infiltration rate in U.S. houses. Three housing surveys have been undertaken: one in "energy-efficient" houses located throughout the U.S. and two in "conventional" h...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Nero AV,Boegel ML,Hollowell CD,Ingersoll JG,Nazaroff WW

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last 50 years several radiation accidents occurred in which industrial radiographers and others suffered severe radiation injuries from inadvertent contact with radiation sources. Such accidents involving acute localized injuries are characterized by a severe initial reaction progressing through erythema to ski...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lefaix JL,Daburon F

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many, the thought of terrorists detonating a dirty bomb--a radiological dispersal device--is frightening. However, the radiation health risks from such an occurrence are small. For most people directly involved, the exposure would have an estimated lifetime health risk that is comparable to the health risk from sm...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ring JP

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The deployment of a radiological dispersal device (RDD) is likely to result in relatively low radiation exposure of the targeted population, insufficient to cause a severe radiation detriment. Nevertheless, due to atmospheric dispersion of the radioactive material, an urban area equaling several city blocks could be a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Steinhausler F

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calculations of Committed Effective Dose Equivalent (CEDE) due to inhalation using four of the five methods suggested in the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide 8.34 (1992a) were performed to determine if any significant differences in the calculated value of the CEDE exist for typical power p...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Windham JR,Kearfott KJ,Mis FJ

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical efficacy and safety may be compromised if output from ultrasonic therapy transducers differs significantly from the indicated value. Space-averaged effective intensities selected for treatment are a ratio of the emitted ultrasonic power to the effective radiating area (ERA). In this study, ERA measurements fo...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Bly SH,Hussey RG,Kingsley JP,Dickson AW

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intestinal absorption of strontium from an oral test dose was studied in 13 healthy human volunteers using double tracer techniques with two stable strontium isotopes as tracers. Defined amounts of one isotope were administered orally, while tracer amounts of the second isotope were injected intravenously. Two differe...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Höllriegl V,Li WB,Oeh U,Roth P

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To estimate of the dispersion trend of 3H and 14C discharged from the Wolsung Nuclear Power Plants, the present level of 3H and 14C in environmental samples in the vicinity of the Wolsong site was studied. Tree-ring cellulose analyses were carried out for retrospective evaluation of 3H and 14C in the environment aroun...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kim CK,Lee SK,Rho BH,Lee YG

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some preliminary considerations from the management of post-accident situations connected to large scale and high land contamination are presented. The return to normal, or at least acceptable living conditions, as soon as reasonably achievable, and the prevention of the possible emergence of a post-accident crisis is...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lochard J,Prêtre S

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes two nondestructive measurement techniques for determining the radioactivity in a homogeneous organ phantom with an acceptable error and the capability of being traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology. These two techniques are based on a method developed by Robley D. Evans i...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hui TE,Nichols LL,Olsen PC,McDonald JC

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A group of 219 subjects of Slovak adults from both sexes were studied for potassium body content by measuring the whole body activity of naturally occurring 40K using a whole body counter. The average body potassium value is 1.68 +/- 0.33 g kg(-1) body weight for males and 1.60 +/- 0.30 g kg(-1) for females. For both ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lahham A,Fülöp M,Vladár M,Ragan P

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plane shields made of Pb with a water tank behind them were irradiated by 2.5-GeV bremsstrahlung. The longitudinal distribution of the absorbed dose in water was measured using a scintillation counter. The results are compared with Monte Carlo calculations and published depth dose tables. ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ban S,Hirayama H,Miura S

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00