Sensitivity of effective radiating area measurement for therapeutic ultrasound transducers to variations in hydrophone scanning technique.

abstract：:Low-dose radiation is widely used across the world for the diagnosis of many diseases by means of a variety of imaging technologies. However, the harmful effects of exposure to low-dose radiation during medical examination remain controversial. The authors studied the effects of medical diagnostic low-dose x rays (i.e...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Tungjai M,Phathakanon N,Rithidech KN

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the recent upsurge in worldwide terrorism, the prospects for a radiation terrorism event have greatly increased. Current recommendations regarding recovery from such an event specify that decisions about the extent of radiological cleanup will be dependent upon stakeholder acceptance of the risk levels. The case ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Jorgensen TJ

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A radioactive particulate release experiment to produce a near-field ground deposition representative of small-scale venting from an underground nuclear test was conducted to gather data in support of treaty capability development activities. For this experiment, a CO2-driven "air cannon" was used to inject (140)La, a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Keillor ME,Arrigo LM,Baciak JE,Chipman V,Detwiler RS,Emer DF,Kernan WJ,Kirkham RR,MacDougall MR,Milbrath BD,Rishel JP,Seifert A,Seifert CE,Smart JE

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A review is given of the classical theory of cluster formation to see whether it is a useful description of the behaviour of unattached radioactive particles. Special attention is given to the predictions concerning the size of the clusters, their growth, and their dependency on humidity and other trace gases. The the...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Raes F

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A mathematical model describing the dynamics of lymphopoiesis in mammals continuously exposed to ionizing radiation has been developed. It is based on the theory of chalone regulation of hematopoiesis. The model comprises a system of nine differential equations. Results from the model were compared with our experiment...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Zukhbaya TM,Smirnova OA

更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Uranium concentration in drinking water samples collected from some areas of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh has been measured using a laser induced fluorimetry technique. The sources of water comprise hand pumps and tube wells. Uranium concentration in the water samples from Punjab varies from 1.39 +/- 0.16 to 98.25 +/- ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Rani A,Singh S

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A high-pressure ion chamber filled with 2.5825 X 10(5) kg m-2 argon as used to measure the dose rates of several sites of interest in an attempt to evaluate the dose rates contributed by cosmic rays. Observation sites included two water reservoirs deeper than 110 m, Mount Ali which is higher than 2500 m, airliners fly...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Weng PS,Chen CF

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cosmic rays make a significant, but not normally a dominant, contribution to the radiation dose of people all over the world. However, doses rise with altitude and the earth's magnetic field means that latitude also becomes important. Solar activity imposes a further, time dependent, variation. This article gives more...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kendall GM

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most effective countermeasure for radioiodine contamination of milk is to provide dairy animals with uncontaminated feed, with the added advantage that it will be effective for other radionuclides in the fallout. Another effective response is to process the milk into storable dairy products for an appropriate leng...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Howard BJ,Voigt G,Segal MG,Ward GM

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ISABELLE is a high-intensity 400-GeV proton-storage ring under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The radiation-protection problems encountered in its design are in many ways similar to those at high-energy fixed-target facilities: both the laboratory personnel nearby and the public several kilomete...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gollon PJ,Casey WR

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A complete, historical dataset is presented of radionuclide resuspension-factors. These data span six orders of magnitude in time (ranging from 0.1 to 73,000 d), encompass more than 300 individual values, and combine observations from events on three continents. These data were then used to derive improved, empirical ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Maxwell RM,Anspaugh LR

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The combined expertise of radiation epidemiologists and laboratory experimentalists is required to accurately define health risks from exposure to a low/very low radiation dose. Although stochastic risk can be estimated when a known threshold dose is exceeded, risk must be inferred from data transference at sub-thresh...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Dainiak N

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Western Canada, there are many plants that process natural gas to remove impurities (CO2, H2S, H2O) and recover natural gas liquids (propane, butane, etc.). Trace quantities of 222Rn present in the inlet stream are concentrated in streams rich with propane. Potential hazards to plant operators include direct inhala...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Drummond I,Boucher P,Bradford B,Evans H,McLean J,Reczek E,Thunem H

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Multi-Agency Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual (MARSSIM) provides a coherent, technically defensible process for establishing that exposed surfaces satisfy site cleanup requirements. Unfortunately, many sites have complications that challenge a direct application of MARSSIM. Example complications incl...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Johnson R,Durham L,Rieman C

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Brown coal unusually rich in uranium is burnt in a coal-fired power plant that lies inside the confines of a small industrial town named Ajka, Hungary, and has been operational since 1943. The 238U (226Ra) activity discharged to the atmosphere per unit electrical energy produced was about 330-400 GBq (GW y)(-1), which...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Papp Z,Dezsö Z

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A nationwide radon survey was conducted to provide data on the annual average indoor radon concentration in Korean homes. This survey also provided data on the variation of radon concentration with season, house type, and building age. The arithmetic mean (AM) of annual radon concentration in Korean homes was 53.4 +/-...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kim CK,Lee SC,Lee DM,Chang BU,Rho BH,Kang HD

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Normalised Specific Activity (NSA), a quantity which relates the concentration of a contaminant per unit mass of vegetation to its daily rate of ground deposition, has been used as the basis for determining interception factors and retention half-lives for radioactive contaminants deposited on grain and leafy vege...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Simmonds JR,Linsley GS

更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Laser safety filter materials must be evaluated at various levels up to the maximum irradiances likely to be encountered, since the absorber may exhibit nonlinear properties. Extreme care is necessary around short-duration lasers due to extremely high peak irradiances in the beam. This is especially true for visible a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lyon TL,Marshall WJ

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The longterm behavior of 137Cs in milk of a Bavarian farm (farm A) deposited as a consequence of the Chernobyl accident has been followed from April 1986 until August 1994. On the basis of activity measurements in milk and feed, transfer coefficients for the different seasons have been estimated in order to see any ch...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Voigt G,Rauch F,Paretzke HG

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was motivated by the efforts to evaluate radiation risk for leukemia incidence in the Techa River cohort, where the main bone marrow dose contributors were Sr (bone-seeking beta emitters). Energy deposition in bone marrow targets was evaluated by simulating radiation particle transport using computational p...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Shishkina EA,Timofeev YS,Volchkova AY,Sharagin PA,Zalyapin VI,Degteva MO,Smith MA,Napier BA

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Pakistan Research Reactor-I (PARR-I) is a swimming pool type research reactor originally designed and built for a thermal power of 5 MW using High Enriched Uranium (HEU) fuel. In 1990-1991 the reactor was redesigned, partially decommissioned and recommissioned to operate with Low Enriched Uranium (LEU) fuel at a t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ali A,Orfi SD,Manzur H,Aslam M

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expressions are derived in three cases for the expectation and uncertainty of body burdens and doses calculated from a linear model of environmental transport and human metabolism in terms of expectation and uncertainty in inputs of discrete, stochastic random variables. Three cases are compared to determine the relat...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kercher JR,Robison WL

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Following critiques of multiple personal contamination events from entries into the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source Transfer Bay, it was considered that the most likely causes for contamination were personal protective clothing doffing errors or moisture (sweat) allowing contamina...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Schwahn SO,Foster ND

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Weathering of fuel particles and the subsequent leaching of radionuclides causes 90Sr mobility in Chernobyl soils to increase with time after deposition. Studies of 90Sr speciation in soils collected in 1995 and 1996 from the Chernobyl 30-km exclusion zone have been used to calculate rates of fuel particles dissolutio...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kashparov VA,Oughton DH,Zvarich SI,Protsak VP,Levchuk SE

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was carried out to determine the level of potentially off-damaging infrared (IR) radiation in the iron and steel industry. Determinations of IR radiation were made in different positions in many types of processes. Forging was found to give the highest radiant exposure to the eyes, while workers in electros...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lydahl E,Glansholm A,Levin M

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The destruction of the Unit 4 reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant resulted in the generation of radioactive contamination and radioactive waste at the site and in the surrounding area (referred to as the Exclusion Zone). In the course of remediation activities, large volumes of radioactive waste were generate...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Napier BA,Schmieman EA,Voitsekovitch O

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the process of decommissioning a tritium-handling laboratory, direct-immersion and water-extraction methods for measuring tritium contamination in concrete were compared to a heating-cooling method. For this evaluation, concrete pieces chipped from contaminated concrete walls and floors were used. The direct-immers...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kawano T,Kuroyanagi M,Tabei T

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan (FRERP) directs the Department of Energy (DOE) to maintain a viable, timely, and fully documented response option capable of supporting the responsible Lead Federal Agency in the event of a radiological emergency impacting any state or United States territory (e.g., CON...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Tighe RJ,Riland CA,Hopkins RC

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The National Ignition Facility (NIF) has been designed to accommodate some challenging radiological conditions. The high prompt neutron source (up to 1.6 × 10(19) neutrons per shot) results in the need for significant fixed shielding. Concrete shielding approximately 2 m thick is used for the primary (target bay) shie...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kohut TR,Brereton SJ,Khater H

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soil permeability to air can increase substantially with measurement length scale. We tested the hypothesis that the scale effect could resolve large model underpredictions of radon and soil-gas entry into two experimental basement structures located in natural sandy-loam soil at a field site in Ben Lomond, CA. Previo...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Garbesi K,Robinson AL,Sextro RG,Nazaroff WW

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00