137Cs exposure in the Marshallese populations: an assessment based on whole-body counting measurements (1989-1994).

abstract：:Quantification of the biologically relevant dose is required for the establishment of cause-and-effect between radiation detriment or burden and important biological outcomes. Most epidemiological studies of unanticipated radiation exposure fail to establish cause and effect because of an inability to construct a vali...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Pass B,Baranov AE,Kleshchenko ED,Aldrich JE,Scallion PL,Gale RP

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method is presented to determine the uncertainties in the reported dose due to incorporated plutonium for the Mayak Worker Cohort. The methodology includes errors generated by both detection methods and modeling methods. To accomplish the task, the method includes classical statistics, Monte Carlo, perturbation, and...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Krahenbuhl MP,Bess JD,Wilde JL,Vostrotin VV,Suslova KG,Khokhryakov VF,Slaughter DM,Miller SC

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:RESRAD-RECYCLE is a computer code designed by Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) to be used in making decisions about the disposition of radioactively contaminated materials and scrap metals. It implements a pathway analysis methodology to evaluate potential radiation exposures resulting from the recycling of contamina...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cheng JJ,Kassas B,Yu C,Amish J,LePoire D,Chen SY,Williams WA,Wallo A,Peterson H

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The somatic-mutation theory of carcinogenesis has received strong scientific support from results of recent studies on tumor-suppressor genes. We anticipated that people among the high risk for cancer group, either through exposure to various ionizing radiations or by virtue of unique genotypes, would also manifest in...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Akiyama M,Umeki S,Kusunoki Y,Kyoizumi S,Nakamura N,Mori T,Ishikawa Y,Yamakido M,Ohama K,Kodama T

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The National Ignition Facility (NIF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) in California is currently in operation with the goal to demonstrate fusion energy gain for the first time in the laboratory-also referred to as "ignition." Based on these demonstration experiments, the Laser Inertial Fusion Ener...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Reyes S,Dunne M,Kramer K,Anklam T,Havstad M,Mazuecos AL,Miles R,Martinez-Frias J,Deri B

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentration of 220Rn in the exhaled breath of workers currently employed in a Th plant was measured using a double filter system. The results are expressed in terms of the equivalent activity of 224Ra freely emanating 220Rn at the mouth. Measurements performed on 176 subjects, without isolating them from day-to-...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Mayya YS,Prasad SK,Nambiar PP,Kotrappa P,Somasundaram S

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Cameco lung counter has been recalibrated using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory torso phantom using an extended lung set (i.e., longer than the original set). The previous calibration had used the Japanese Atomic Energy Research Institute torso phantom. The new calibration had lower counting efficiencie...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kramer GH,Hauck B,Allen SA

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goal of the laser safety officer and any laser safety program is to prevent a laser accident from occurring, in particular, one that causes an injury to a person's eyes. Most laser safety courses "in-house commercial" discuss laser accidents, causes, and types of injury. Many do not address appropriate actions to ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Barat K

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radiation doses to workers at the Manhattan Engineer District (MED) and Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) sites due to external irradiation during 1940-1960 are reviewed. Categorized radiation dose data were available from AEC annual reports for some years. Annual individual radiation dose data for nine MED/AEC sites for...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Strom DJ,Smith MH,Swinth KL,Pettengill HJ

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Timely achievement of uranium series' secular equilibrium is not always feasible. Our objective is to mathematically justify methods for early uranium series gamma spectroscopy measurements that can accurately predict naturally occurring radioactive material equilibrium activities long before equilibrium is establishe...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Wilson CA 4th,Matthews KL 2nd,Hamideh AM,Wang WH

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The operational radiation protection issues associated with the Z-Machine accelerator located at Sandia National Laboratories are large: a variety of materials can be placed into the machine; these materials can be subjected to a variety of nuclear reactions, producing a variety of activation products. Without full un...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Culp T

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphoid lineage recovery and involution after exposure to potentially lethal doses of ionizing radiation have not been well defined, especially the long-term effects in aged survivors and with regard to male/female differences. To examine these questions, male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to lethal radiation ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Wu T,Plett PA,Chua HL,Jacobsen M,Sandusky GE,MacVittie TJ,Orschell CM

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cosmic rays make a significant, but not normally a dominant, contribution to the radiation dose of people all over the world. However, doses rise with altitude and the earth's magnetic field means that latitude also becomes important. Solar activity imposes a further, time dependent, variation. This article gives more...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kendall GM

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flows in lung bifurcations are complicated by geometry, and it is recognized that accurate lung dosimetric models require realistic calculations of the flow and particle deposition patterns. A computational fluid dynamics study of flow and particle concentration has been carried out for a lung bifurcation based on the...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kinsara AA,Tompson RV,Loyalka SK

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experience gained during a field training exercise with a Medical Reserve Corps unit on the screening of large groups of individuals for possible contamination with radioactive material revealed that while exercise participants were generally attentive to the proper use of protective equipment and detectors, they tend...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Emery RJ,Sprau DD,Morecook RC

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo L-band electron paramagnetic resonance tooth dosimetry is a newly developed and very promising method for retrospective biodosimetry in individuals who may have been exposed to significant levels of ionizing radiation. The present study aimed to determine the relationships among enamel thickness, enamel area, ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Umakoshi M,Yamaguchi I,Hirata H,Kunugita N,Williams BB,Swartz HM,Miyake M

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The combined expertise of radiation epidemiologists and laboratory experimentalists is required to accurately define health risks from exposure to a low/very low radiation dose. Although stochastic risk can be estimated when a known threshold dose is exceeded, risk must be inferred from data transference at sub-thresh...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Dainiak N

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For emergency preparedness and response with respect to nuclear power plant accidents, the concept of Emergency Care Centers has been developed in Germany. This setup aims at monitoring contamination, to decontaminate if needed, assess the dose, and perform an initial medical evaluation of people who might have been a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Miska H

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-six white male workers who did the original plutonium research and development work at Los Alamos have been examined periodically over the past 50 y to identify possible health effects from internal plutonium depositions. Their effective doses range from 0.1 to 7.2 Sv with a median value of 1.25 Sv. As of the e...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Voelz GL,Lawrence JN,Johnson ER

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The (90)Sr and (137)Cs activities of soil, plant, and milk samples from the village of Dolon, located close to the Semipalatinsk Nuclear Test Site in Kazakhstan, were determined. The areal deposition at the nine sampling sites is in the range of <500 to 6,100 Bq m(-2) and 300 to 7,900 Bq m-2 for (90)Sr and (137)Cs, re...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gastberger M,Steinhäusler F,Gerzabek MH,Hubmer A,Lettner H

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper presents the WNA's worldwide nuclear industry overview on the anticipated growth of the front-end nuclear fuel cycle from uranium mining to conversion and enrichment, and on the related key health, safety, and environmental (HSE) issues and challenges. It also puts an emphasis on uranium mining in new produ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Saint-Pierre S,Kidd S

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations of natural alpha-emitting isotopes of thorium (228Th, 230Th and 232Th) have been determined in 22 sets of human tissue samples obtained at autopsy from Grand Junction, CO and in 10 sets from Washington, DC. Tissues included lung, pulmonary lymph nodes, liver, kidney, bone, a few gonads, spleen and t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ibrahim SA,Wrenn ME,Singh NP,Cohen N,Saccomano G

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new modification of the prior human lung compartment plutonium model, Doses-2005, has been described. The modified model was named "Mayak Worker Dosimetry System-2008" (MWDS-2008). In contrast to earlier models developed for workers at the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA), the new model more correctly describ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Khokhryakov VV,Khokhryakov VF,Suslova KG,Vostrotin VV,Vvedensky VE,Sokolova AB,Krahenbuhl MP,Birchall A,Miller SC,Schadilov AE,Ephimov AV

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The application of occupational limits (ELs) in the outdoor laser environment requires an understanding of the radiometric methods required to evaluate field exposures with respect to the ELs. The limiting aperture required to adequately specify the EL must always be kept in mind. Since all exposure limits are defined...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Sliney DH

更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study is to support retrospective dose estimation for epidemiological studies by providing estimates of historical absorbed organ doses to the brain, lens of the eye, salivary glands, and thyroid from intraoral dental radiographic examinations performed from 1940 to 2009. We simulated organ doses t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Fontana RC,Pasqual E,Miller DL,Simon SL,Cardis E,Thierry-Chef I

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper details the construction of a 137Cs gamma calibration curve that has been established for dicentric assay and the testing and validation of the curve through biological dosimetry in three situations of suspected workplace overexposure that arose accidentally or through negligence or lack of appropriate safe...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hadjidekova V,Hristova R,Ainsbury EA,Atanasova P,Popova L,Staynova A

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nineteen UF6/UO2F2 inhalation studies were undertaken in purebred, female beagle dogs (N = 16) to examine inter alia, (a) the possible relations of exposure, whole body, lung and renal uranium levels to excretion rates; (b) the threshold U6+ dose and renal concentration for renal injury; (c) the distribution and reten...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Morrow P,Gelein R,Beiter H,Scott J,Picano J,Yuile C

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several soil samples of Bangalore region were analyzed for the concentrations of Ra, Th, and K by gamma ray spectrometry. The concentration of Ra varied in the range 7.7-111.6 Bq kg with a mean value of 26.2 Bq kg, Th in the range 16.7-98.7 Bq kg with a mean of 53.1 Bq kg, and that of K in the range 151.8-1424.2 Bq kg...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Prasad NG,Nagaiah N,Ashok GV,Karunakara N

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The revised standard for sampling effluent air from stacks and ducts of the nuclear industry places limits on the non-uniformity of velocity and contaminant profiles at the sampling location; namely, the coefficients of variation must not exceed 20% over an area that encompasses at least the center 2/3 of the cross se...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： McFarland AR,Gupta R,Anand NK

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for medical x-ray procedures are being implemented currently in the Netherlands. By order of the Dutch Healthcare Inspectorate, a survey has been conducted among 20 Dutch hospitals to investigate the level of implementation of the Dutch DRLs in current radiological practice. It turns...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Bijwaard H,Valk D,de Waard-Schalkx I

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00