Emergency care centers--an efficient method for mitigation of consequences after a dirty bomb attack.

abstract：:The potential harm to a population exposed to radiation from a nuclear accident, such as the one that recently occurred at the Chernobyl plant in the Soviet Union, is of concern to many individuals. The average dose to a population is a useful index of harm (IH) only for linear, nonthreshold-type, quantal (i.e., all-o...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Scott BR

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey of 222Rn levels in 453 houses of physics professors from 101 universities in 42 states (plus the District of Columbia) was carried out with 1-y exposures of nuclear track detectors, accompanied by an extensive questionnaire. The geometric mean concentration was 38 Bq/m3 (1.03 pCi/l), the standard deviation wa...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cohen BL

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper examines in humans the proposition emanating from studies in beagles that initial retention of radium varies in proportion to the calcium addition rate at the time of intake. Human calcium addition rates were scaled from those in beagles, the relative calcium accretion rates in the two species at equivalent...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Parks NJ,Keane AT

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human beings have always suffered and have incurred irreparable damages from different disasters. The most logical way to deal with disaster is to be comprehensively prepared. In line with this, the readiness of hospitals in the vicinity of nuclear centers is of great importance, as this could lead to reduced injuries...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ghaedi H,Nasiripour AA,Tabibi SJ,Assadi M

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Timely achievement of uranium series' secular equilibrium is not always feasible. Our objective is to mathematically justify methods for early uranium series gamma spectroscopy measurements that can accurately predict naturally occurring radioactive material equilibrium activities long before equilibrium is establishe...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Wilson CA 4th,Matthews KL 2nd,Hamideh AM,Wang WH

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes an environmental radionuclide baseline study undertaken for the Department of National Defence in Canada. The purpose of the project was to establish levels of radionuclides present in the environment around areas where nuclear propelled vessels may be berthed. Specifically, this report describes...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Waller EJ,Cole D

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Determining the consumption of milk contaminated with 131I, resulting from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests conducted at the Nevada Test Site, by the United States population during the 1950s constitutes one part of the methodology used by the National Cancer Institute to assess radiation exposures to Americans. In o...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Dreicer M,Bouville A,Wachholz BW

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While it is implicitly recognized that the benefits of diagnostic imaging far outweigh any theoretical radiogenic risks, quantitative estimates of the benefits are rarely, if ever, juxtaposed with quantitative estimates of risk. This alone - expression of benefit in purely qualitative terms versus expression of risk i...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Zanzonico PB

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer death rates from the Beaumont-Hague "canton," where a nuclear facility is located, were compared with those for the Manche "département." No significant increase was found in cancer deaths during 1970-1982 for leukemias and in 1975-1982 for all other types of malignant tumors. ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Dousset M

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experience gained during a field training exercise with a Medical Reserve Corps unit on the screening of large groups of individuals for possible contamination with radioactive material revealed that while exercise participants were generally attentive to the proper use of protective equipment and detectors, they tend...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Emery RJ,Sprau DD,Morecook RC

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The average absorbed dose due to DNA-bound 3H in a cell nucleus was estimated by a Monte Carlo simulation for a model nucleus which was assumed to be spheroidal. The shape of the cell nucleus was found to be of minor importance in determining the average absorbed dose. The volume of the cell nucleus was the major dose...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Saito M,Ishida MR,Streffer C,Molls M

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this statement, the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) presents its principles for protection against adverse health effects from exposure to non-ionizing radiation. These are based upon the principles for protection against ionizing radiation of the International Commission for ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors：

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three models for the biodistribution and dosimetry of 82Rb-chloride were reviewed and a proposal is made for the best dosimetry for this agent to be adopted. Data from three proposed biokinetic models for 82Rb-chloride were used to calculate dose estimates for the compound, and the results were compared. The blood con...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Stabin MG

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radio frequency currents in the human body, induced by high-frequency and medium-frequency high-power broadcast antennas, were studied theoretically and experimentally. An analytical formula was derived to calculate the foot currents in a grounded semispheroidal model of the human body. The model agrees within 30% wit...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Jokela K,Puranen L,Gandhi OP

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radon exposure is associated with an increased incidence of lung cancer, and elevated levels may be found in as many as 1 out of 15 homes. The U.S. EPA recommends testing homes for radon and mitigating over the advisory level of 4 picocuries per liter (4 pCi L(-1), or 148 Bq m(-3)). A sample population from a list of ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Riesenfeld EP,Marcy TW,Reinier K,Mongeon JA,Trumbo CW,Wemple BE,Kaminsky DA

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A critical review of the literature on the biokinetics of inhaled mercury vapor was performed as part of an accident analysis for the Spallation Neutron Source to be built at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It was concluded that current models for inhaled mercury vapor do not accurately describe the distribution or res...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Leggett RW,Munro NB,Eckerman KF

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing audience knowledge is often set as a primary objective of risk communication efforts. But is it worthwhile focusing risk communication strategies solely on enhancing specific knowledge? The main research questions tackled in this paper were: (1) if prior audience knowledge related to specific radiation risk...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Perko T,Zeleznik N,Turcanu C,Thijssen P

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beagle dogs were given subcutaneous implants of plutonium in their forepaws to mimic hand wounds received by workers accidentally contaminated with plutonium. Ten dogs received 9.46 +/- 0.43 mu Ci of plutonium oxide, and eight dogs received 1.25 +/- 0.60 mu Ci of plutonium nitrate. Surviving dogs were sacrificed at 8 ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Dagle GE,Bristline RW,Lebel JL,Watters RL

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal absorption of 99mTc given as pertechnetate (TcO4-) was studied in female goats and swine. In goats given TcO4- orally, only a small fraction of the given radioactivity was found in milk (x = 0.1% of dose) and urine (x = 1.2% of dose). These figures were not substantially changed by pre-treatment with I....

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Jones BE

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations and the organ distribution patterns of 228Th, 230Th and 232Th in two 9-y-old dogs of our beagle colony were determined. The dogs were exposed only to background environmental levels of Th isotopes through ingestion (food and water) and inhalation as are humans. The organ distribution patterns of the...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Singh NP,Zimmerman CJ,Taylor GN,Wrenn ME

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sources of outdoor and indoor atmospheric radon are examined. The variation of outdoor atmospheric radon with time of day, time of year, altitude and geographic location is quantitatively assessed. Average values of outdoor atmospheric radon concentrations are examined and it is estimated that the mean value for n...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gesell TF

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Human Monitoring Laboratory (HML) has had a number of BOMAB phantoms built over the years. Upon characterization, it has been found that the dimensions of the phantoms are always slightly different. This study has looked at the effect of these small variances in dimensions of the phantoms and compared the results ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kramer GH,Hauck BM,Dang S,Capello K

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The escaping radioactivity from Greek coal power plants (CPP) was studied. For the case studied the radioactivity is due to the uranium series. The major part (99%) escapes as very fine particles, while the rest is fly ash. The total escaping 226Ra activity is of the order of 40 Ci/yr. The particulate dispersion of fl...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Papastefanou C,Charalambous S

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After the release of radioactive materials from a large radiological dispersal device (e.g., dirty bomb), improvised nuclear detonation, or nuclear power plant accident, up to hundreds of square miles may be contaminated. A portion of this area will be evacuated; however, people living in the portion that is not evacu...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Snyder E,Drake J,Cardarelli J,Hall K,Szabo J,Demmer R,Lindberg M,Riggs K,James R

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Medical University of South Carolina is currently participating in clinical trials of 131I radiolabeled Anti-B1 antibody for treatment of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Under current South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control regulatory guidelines,; these patients are required to be admitted to the hos...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ryan MT,Spicer KM,Frei-Lahr D,Samei E,Frey GD,Hargrove H,Bloodworth G

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thyroids from mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) were collected in New Mexico, Colorado, Wyoming and Idaho and 129I/127I atom ratios were determined. Iodine-129/127 atom ratios were significantly (P less than 0.005) different among states. Ratios in Wyoming and Idaho control thyroids were significantly (P less than 0.05)...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Markham OD,Hakonson TE,Whicker FW,Morton JS

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Instrumentation and application methodologies for rapidly and accurately estimating individual ionizing radiation dose are needed for on-site triage in a radiological/nuclear event. One such methodology is an in vivo X-band, electron paramagnetic resonance, physically based dosimetry method to directly measure the rad...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Swarts SG,Sidabras JW,Grinberg O,Tipikin DS,Kmiec MM,Petryakov SV,Schreiber W,Wood VA,Williams BB,Flood AB,Swartz HM

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measurements of the gross beta activity of snow samples from four Alpine glaciers contaminated by radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl nuclear accident and a gamma-spectrum analysis of selected samples are reported. The results are discussed with respect to possible risks to the population from using meltwater from ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ambach W,Rehwald W,Blumthaler M,Eisner H,Brunner P

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With possibilities for radiation terrorism and intensified concerns about nuclear accidents since the recent Fukushima Daiichi event, the potential exposure of large numbers of individuals to radiation that could lead to acute clinical effects has become a major concern. For the medical community to cope with such an ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Swartz HM,Flood AB,Williams BB,Dong R,Swarts SG,He X,Grinberg O,Sidabras J,Demidenko E,Gui J,Gladstone DJ,Jarvis LA,Kmiec MM,Kobayashi K,Lesniewski PN,Marsh SD,Matthews TP,Nicolalde RJ,Pennington PM,Raynolds T,Sal

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Following critiques of multiple personal contamination events from entries into the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source Transfer Bay, it was considered that the most likely causes for contamination were personal protective clothing doffing errors or moisture (sweat) allowing contamina...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Schwahn SO,Foster ND

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00