Abstract:
:Radio frequency currents in the human body, induced by high-frequency and medium-frequency high-power broadcast antennas, were studied theoretically and experimentally. An analytical formula was derived to calculate the foot currents in a grounded semispheroidal model of the human body. The model agrees within 30% with the results given by the standard formula presented by Gandhi on the basis of measurements with humans. Near 100 kHz, the model predicts a decrease of 14% of the current dissipated in the human body, which is due to the beta relaxation of the cells. The effect of the body and foot-contact impedances were studied with the aid of a simplified equivalent circuit which showed that the body impedance does not considerably affect the foot current below 10 MHz. The normalized foot currents measured in front of the broadcast antennas were within 30% agreement of the currents calculated with the Gandhi formula from the electric fields measured at a height of 1 m. The foot currents are induced by vertical electric fields for both medium-frequency and high-frequency antennas in spite of a strong horizontal component in the latter case. The distance at which the occupational exposure limit of 200 mA was exceeded in the worst (maximum coupling) case was 50 m for the high-frequency antenna and < 14 m for the medium-frequency antenna. In the latter case, the radio frequency shocks resulting from touching ungrounded metallic bodies impose a practical limit to about 40 m.
journal_name
Health Physjournal_title
Health physicsauthors
Jokela K,Puranen L,Gandhi OPdoi
10.1097/00004032-199403000-00001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-03-01 00:00:00pages
237-44issue
3eissn
0017-9078issn
1538-5159journal_volume
66pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
HEALTH PHYSICS文献大全abstract::This paper summarizes an environmental radionuclide baseline study undertaken for the Department of National Defence in Canada. The purpose of the project was to establish levels of radionuclides present in the environment around areas where nuclear propelled vessels may be berthed. Specifically, this report describes...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199907000-00008
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::With present-day rapid increases in the applications of radiofrequency microwave radiation in research, medicine, defense, communications, and industry, it has become necessary to have simple inexpensive portable radiofrequency microwave field strength meters for health and safety surveys around operating equipment. T...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199702000-00018
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article an overview of the historical development of light water reactor health physics programs is presented. Operational health physics programs have developed and matured as experience in operating and maintaining light water reactors has been gained. Initial programs grew quickly in both size and complexit...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004032-200506000-00011
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the recent upsurge in worldwide terrorism, the prospects for a radiation terrorism event have greatly increased. Current recommendations regarding recovery from such an event specify that decisions about the extent of radiological cleanup will be dependent upon stakeholder acceptance of the risk levels. The case ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000457
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Instrumentation and application methodologies for rapidly and accurately estimating individual ionizing radiation dose are needed for on-site triage in a radiological/nuclear event. One such methodology is an in vivo X-band, electron paramagnetic resonance, physically based dosimetry method to directly measure the rad...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000874
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 3H concentration in Japanese human tissue samples is reported in this paper. Four brain, 10 liver, and nine lung samples from 11 cases were collected from Akita Prefecture in northern Japan from January to July 1986. The median of free-water 3H concentration was similar in these tissues and agreed well with the co...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198910000-00006
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experience gained during a field training exercise with a Medical Reserve Corps unit on the screening of large groups of individuals for possible contamination with radioactive material revealed that while exercise participants were generally attentive to the proper use of protective equipment and detectors, they tend...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000324204.28443.ae
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of diseases with x rays began within months of Roentgen's discovery, and within four years x rays were being used successfully for the treatment of skin cancers. Deep-seated cancers began to be treated successfully in the 1920's with the advent of "deep" x-ray units and, especially, once supervoltage therapy...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004032-199511000-00004
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of plutonium deposition in man within the range of 190 Bq by inhalation from about 12 yr ago is reported. An estimate of systemic burden was made based on analyses of urine and faeces and the models of Langham, Beach/Dolphin, and Durbin while the individual was alive. This estimate was compared with autopsy fin...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198404000-00008
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reported here are results of a 1982 national survey in France to establish the collective effective dose equivalent associated with the main types of radiological examinations practiced annually in this country (except nuclear medicine, C.T. scans, dental radiology and mass chest screening). This report describes the ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198804000-00002
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent advances in wireless technologies have lead to an increase in wireless instrumentation present in healthcare centers. This paper presents an analytical method for characterizing electric field (E-field) exposure within these environments. The E-field levels of the different wireless communications systems have ...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e31828e5c15
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Databases are being created that contain verified and updated dosimetry and worker history information for workers at the Mayak Production Association. Many workers had significant external and internal exposures, particularly during the early years (1948-1952) of operation. These dosimetric and worker history data ar...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200007000-00012
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the present study was to assess the lung cancer risk induced by exposures to radon progeny of people living in some areas of Transylvania, Romania. Indoor radon concentrations were measured in 667 dwellings of Stei area, Cluj, Bistrita-Nasaud, Sibiu, and Alba counties. Measurements were performed usin...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e3181c03cde
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large-scale radiological incident would result in an immediate critical need to assess the radiation doses received by thousands of individuals to allow for prompt triage and appropriate medical treatment. Measuring absorbed doses of ionizing radiation will require a system architecture or a system of platforms that...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000348001.60905.c0
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This survey measured radiofrequency (RF) fields from wireless local area networks (WLANs) using Wi-Fi technology against a background of RF fields in the environment over the frequency range 75 MHz-3 GHz. A total of 356 measurements were conducted at 55 sites (including private residences, commercial spaces, health ca...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000248117.74843.34
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data on lung cancer mortality rates vs. average radon concentration in homes for 1,601 U.S. counties are used to test the linear-no threshold theory. The widely recognized problems with ecological studies, as applied to this work, are addressed extensively. With or without corrections for variations in smoking prevale...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199502000-00002
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The radionuclide vector in the release plume from the destroyed unit 4 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant was assessed. Emphasis was laid on radionuclides relevant for the internal dose, including those with short half-lives, and on the radionuclide vector in the 30-km zone where practically no data in air or foodst...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200202000-00002
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study on absorption of radon by different edible oils of plant origins produced and used in India was conducted in order to identify efficient radon-absorbing oils. A comparative study of radon absorption by edible oils of India with that of olive oil, which is known as a good absorber of radon, was also carried out...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0b013e3181c9f7be
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Internationally, the upper limit of acceptable individualized risk from occupational exposure for nuclear industry workers is determined by the death probability 10(-3) y(-1). The same risk value of 10(-3) y(-1) is established by the radiation safety standards currently in force in Russia. The United Nations Scientifi...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000346702.02932.7d
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was motivated by the efforts to evaluate radiation risk for leukemia incidence in the Techa River cohort, where the main bone marrow dose contributors were Sr (bone-seeking beta emitters). Energy deposition in bone marrow targets was evaluated by simulating radiation particle transport using computational p...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001127
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Everyone will agree that specialized computer programs have done away with the many tedious tasks associated with manually keeping track of radioisotopes. Enhanced electronic programs have virtually cut the time of managing radioisotopes. Agriculture and Agri-Food, Canada's (AAFC) program for the management of radiois...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.HP.0000308501.32700.f1
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The life-time tumor dose-response relationships observed in beagles injected with 226Ra or fed 90Sr at the University of California, Davis, provide a basis for understanding the induction of bone cancer for these bone-seeking radionuclides and for scaling to people. In these studies 385 dogs were exposed to graded dos...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-198306001-00002
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human beings have always suffered and have incurred irreparable damages from different disasters. The most logical way to deal with disaster is to be comprehensively prepared. In line with this, the readiness of hospitals in the vicinity of nuclear centers is of great importance, as this could lead to reduced injuries...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001234
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many reports discuss plant growth stimulation by exposure of seeds or plants to low doses of ionizing radiation. The reported effects include increased height, weight, growth rate, flowering and yield. The magnitude of the effect(s) is usually small, being about 10% of control values; and the effects often are not rep...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004032-198705000-00012
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The photon interaction parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient (μ/ρ), effective atomic number (Z eff) and effective electron density (N el) must be identical for the phantom material and their tissue. In the present study, the μ/ρ, Z eff, and N el for muscle, breast, lung tissue have been computed, and their s...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000038
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper broadly examines the historical development of radiation protection in medical practice through an examination of the interactions of those concerned with radiation protection and medical practice with emphasis on the last half century and on the role played by health physicists and the Health Physics Socie...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199511000-00014
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Following critiques of multiple personal contamination events from entries into the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source Transfer Bay, it was considered that the most likely causes for contamination were personal protective clothing doffing errors or moisture (sweat) allowing contamina...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000001275
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Program Area Committee 5 of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) focuses its activities on environmental radiation and radioactive waste issues. The Committee completed a number of reports in these subject areas, most recently NCRP Report No. 175, Decision Making for Late-Phase Recovery...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/HP.0000000000000418
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Time-dependent chemical compositions for 13N and 15O induced in the air atmosphere of a high energy electron accelerator room have been studied using a computer simulation method. A radiation chemistry model was developed to describe the chemical reactions of 13N and 15O species with the air molecules and their radiol...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-199804000-00007
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Field surveys were carried out at sixteen pulp and paper mills in the United States--seven kraft process, two sulfite process, and seven recycling process mills--for the presence of naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM) in precipitates and scales. NORM was detected at three of the kraft mills, one sulfite mi...
journal_title:Health physics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004032-200304000-00011
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00