The Neglected Side of the Coin: Quantitative Benefit-risk Analyses in Medical Imaging.

abstract：:This review/commentary addresses recent thermal and electromagnetic modeling studies that use image-based anthropomorphic human models to establish the local absorption of radiofrequency energy and the resulting increase in temperature in the body. The frequency range of present interest is from 100 MHz through the tr...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Foster KR,Ziskin MC,Balzano Q,Bit-Babik G

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dissolution characteristics of mixed-oxide nuclear fuels are important considerations for prediction of biological behavior of inhaled particles. Four representative industrial mixed-oxide powders were obtained from fuel fabrication enclosures. Studies of the dissolution of Pu, Am and U from aerosol particles of these...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Eidson AF,Mewhinney JA

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The threat of radiation exposure from warfare or radiation accidents raises the need for appropriate animal models to study the acute and chronic effects of high dose rate radiation exposure. The goal of this study was to assess the late development of fibrosis in multiple organs (kidney, heart, and lung) in survivors...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Unthank JL,Miller SJ,Quickery AK,Ferguson EL,Wang M,Sampson CH,Chua HL,DiStasi MR,Feng H,Fisher A,Katz BP,Plett PA,Sandusky GE,Sellamuthu R,Vemula S,Cohen EP,MacVittie TJ,Orschell CM

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey of 222Rn levels in 453 houses of physics professors from 101 universities in 42 states (plus the District of Columbia) was carried out with 1-y exposures of nuclear track detectors, accompanied by an extensive questionnaire. The geometric mean concentration was 38 Bq/m3 (1.03 pCi/l), the standard deviation wa...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cohen BL

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The radionuclide vector in the release plume from the destroyed unit 4 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant was assessed. Emphasis was laid on radionuclides relevant for the internal dose, including those with short half-lives, and on the radionuclide vector in the 30-km zone where practically no data in air or foodst...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Mück K,Pröhl G,Likhtarev I,Kovgan L,Meckbach R,Golikov V

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple approximation for estimating the centerline gamma absorbed dose rates due to a continuous Gaussian plume was developed. To simplify the integration of the dose integral, this approach makes use of the Gaussian cloud concentration distribution. The solution is expressed in terms of the I1 and I2 integrals whic...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Overcamp TJ,Fjeld RA

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper summarizes an environmental radionuclide baseline study undertaken for the Department of National Defence in Canada. The purpose of the project was to establish levels of radionuclides present in the environment around areas where nuclear propelled vessels may be berthed. Specifically, this report describes...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Waller EJ,Cole D

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of high background radiation (HBR) on mortality. A cohort of 31,604 men and women aged 30-74 y living in the study area in Guangdong Province, China, was followed during the period 1979-1998. The information on deaths and migrations of cohort members was collected by vis...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Tao Z,Akiba S,Zha Y,Sun Q,Zou J,Li J,Liu Y,Yuan Y,Tokonami S,Morishoma H,Koga T,Nakamura S,Sugahara T,Wei L

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radiostrontium isotopes (Sr, Sr, and Sr) are major fission by-products in nuclear reactors, in radiological events, and in environmental radioactive contamination. A method to analyze Sr and Sr in water has been developed using gradient elution with dilute hydrochloric acid and cation exchange resin, followed by carbo...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Nguyen DM,Moody WA,Williamson JA

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cosmic rays make a significant, but not normally a dominant, contribution to the radiation dose of people all over the world. However, doses rise with altitude and the earth's magnetic field means that latitude also becomes important. Solar activity imposes a further, time dependent, variation. This article gives more...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kendall GM

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The analysis of uranium in water samples can be very helpful for providing guidelines to the general public regarding necessary remedial measures. A fission-track technique has been applied for the estimation of the uranium concentration in drinking water collected from natural springs of Muzaffarabad and hilly areas ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Akram M,Khattak NU,Qureshi AA,Iqbal A,Tufail M,Qureshi IE

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Open-faced and diffusion-barrier charcoal canisters were individually exposed to a fixed temperature, humidity, and radon concentration in a chamber for a period of 7 d. The radon progeny activity in the canister under study was measured every 3 h. A total of 15 runs were made for the open-faced canisters and nine run...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Luetzelschwab JW,Hastings L,Ellis SM

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following the attacks of 11 September 2001, emergency preparedness within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, as well as at the Department of Defense and other federal agencies, received higher visibility, new mandates and increased funding. Emergency deployment teams increased the frequency of drills to...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Grace MB,Cliffer KD,Moyer BR,Coleman CN,Prasher JM,Hatchett R,Mercier J,Manning RG,Bader JL,Disbrow GL,Kovacs GR

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes a program of laboratory and field studies undertaken to assess the health impact of radioactive debris from the re-entry of the Soviety nuclear-powered satellite, Cosmos 954, on 24 January 1978. It was estimated that about one-quarter of the reactor core descended over Canada's Northwest Territori...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Tracy BL,Prantl FA,Quinn JM

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The data presented show early results from a longitudinal survey of "therapeutic" ultrasonic instrument performance in clinical physiotherapy. Previous studies undertaken in North America and the United Kingdom have shown that these units tend not to be scientifically tested and recalibrated, and have been found to ha...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Fyfe MC,Parnell SM

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Internationally, the upper limit of acceptable individualized risk from occupational exposure for nuclear industry workers is determined by the death probability 10(-3) y(-1). The same risk value of 10(-3) y(-1) is established by the radiation safety standards currently in force in Russia. The United Nations Scientifi...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ivanov VK,Tsyb AF,Panfilov AP,Agapov AM,Kaidalov OV,Korelo AM,Maksioutov A,Chekin SY,Kashcheyeva PV

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Everyone will agree that specialized computer programs have done away with the many tedious tasks associated with manually keeping track of radioisotopes. Enhanced electronic programs have virtually cut the time of managing radioisotopes. Agriculture and Agri-Food, Canada's (AAFC) program for the management of radiois...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ritchot N,Santary W

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elsewhere in this issue, Robin Elliott outlined a successful program for performing annual radiation safety management program audits. The results of such audits provide a useful means of evaluating and correcting deficiencies or weaknesses in a radiation safety program. At our institution we also perform an annual au...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Miller KL,Erdman MC

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A critical review of the literature on the biokinetics of inhaled mercury vapor was performed as part of an accident analysis for the Spallation Neutron Source to be built at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It was concluded that current models for inhaled mercury vapor do not accurately describe the distribution or res...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Leggett RW,Munro NB,Eckerman KF

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aims of this study were to develop and improve the sensitivity of an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer and to demonstrate its functionality for dosimetry in measuring ESR signals from radiation-exposed fingernails. The newly-developed spectrometer was a lightweight (22 kg) one-box ESR device with a resona...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Suzuki H,Tamukai K,Yoshida N,Ohya H,Kato K,Anzai K,Swartz HM

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mixed radioactive and chemical wastes generated by biomedical research were characterized, and various treatment methods for reducing their volume were evaluated. These wastes consist primarily of organic solvents used in the extraction and purification of radiolabeled biomolecules that are contaminated with low level...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Linins I,Klein RC,Gershey EL

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large-scale radiological incident would result in an immediate critical need to assess the radiation doses received by thousands of individuals to allow for prompt triage and appropriate medical treatment. Measuring absorbed doses of ionizing radiation will require a system architecture or a system of platforms that...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Grace MB,Moyer BR,Prasher J,Cliffer KD,Ramakrishnan N,Kaminski J,Coleman CN,Manning RG,Maidment BW,Hatchett R

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The radioactive gas 41Ar has been produced at high concentration by neutron activation near the reactor core in the Kyoto University Research Reactor. A pipe line for an exhaust stream, so-called sweep gas, was fabricated at the construction of the reactor in 1964 in order to exhale 41Ar from the facilities above to t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Fukui M

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review summarizes the current state of research on possible health effects of Wi-Fi (a commercial name for IEEE 802.11-compliant wireless networking). In response to public concerns about health effects of Wi-Fi and wireless networks and calls by government agencies for research on possible health and safety issu...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Foster KR,Moulder JE

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is pointed out that induction of lung cancer by exposure to Rn daughters, applied at high doses to miners and at low doses to exposures in homes, provides a very stringent and sensitive test of the linear, no-threshold dose-response relationship for high-LET radiation, because this relationship predicts that a subs...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cohen BL

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With possibilities for radiation terrorism and intensified concerns about nuclear accidents since the recent Fukushima Daiichi event, the potential exposure of large numbers of individuals to radiation that could lead to acute clinical effects has become a major concern. For the medical community to cope with such an ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Swartz HM,Flood AB,Williams BB,Dong R,Swarts SG,He X,Grinberg O,Sidabras J,Demidenko E,Gui J,Gladstone DJ,Jarvis LA,Kmiec MM,Kobayashi K,Lesniewski PN,Marsh SD,Matthews TP,Nicolalde RJ,Pennington PM,Raynolds T,Sal

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Power-frequency (50/60 Hz) magnetic fields produced by electric blankets are estimated from data on blanket design using a three-dimensional computer model. Maximum, minimum, and volume-average fields within human forms are presented as a function of blanket type and a number of geometric factors including body size, ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Florig HK,Hoburg JF

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1980, the NCRP formed Scientific Committee 66 with an assignment to address the subject of "biological effects of ultrasound and exposure criteria." It was recognized that the primary source of exposure to ultrasound was through medical applications and, especially, through procedures employing diagnostic ultrasoun...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Nyborg WL

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simultaneous detection of gross alpha and beta radioactivity was studied using gas proportional counting. This measurement is a part of a method mandated by US Environmental Protection Agency to screen for alpha and beta radioactivity in drinking water. Responses of a gas proportional detector to alpha and beta part...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Semkow TM,Parekh PP

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-level radioactive waste containing liquid scintillation fluid and known amounts of 14C and 3H has been incinerated in a modified pathological incinerator with the incinerator effluent, refractory surface and ash being monitored. The study relates the activity monitored to that incinerated and discusses how this re...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hamrick PE,Knapp SJ,Parker MG,Watson JE Jr

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00