Abstract：
:A system for evaluating quality factors, Q, based on the microdosimetric distribution of the radiation field of interest has been set up; it makes use of a specific quality function (SQF) to obtain--given microdosimetric spectra--values for Q. The advantages of a system based on lineal energy are well recognized. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that spectra in 1-microm diameter tissue-equivalent spherical volumes reproduce correctly (in the sense of this formalism) measured RBE values, and thus a proportional counter would be usable as a practical instrument for radiation protection. All specific quality functions, q(y), available to date have been calculated from in vitro cellular data. To extend this approach to radiations of interest in space activities we have recently obtained a new function q(y) for in vivo radiogenic neoplasia using data on the Harderian gland of the mouse. These data were obtained for charged particles and energies relevant to space exposures. Furthermore, we introduce a new procedure that allows one to obtain--here with the use of microdosimetric distributions for the Hiroshima-Nagasaki radiation fields--risk factors scaled from the A-bomb survivorship results. We apply these concepts to particles and energies representing the galactic spectrum. We estimate that for a trip to Mars (450 d) the excess lifetime cancer mortality due to galactic cosmic ray (GCR) radiation is 0.037. This is about 50% lower than the risk coefficient obtained with the aid of standard (LET-based) quality factors.
journal_name
Health Physjournal_title
Health physicsauthors
Zaider Mdoi
10.1097/00004032-199606000-00010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-01 00:00:00pages
845-51issue
6eissn
0017-9078issn
1538-5159journal_volume
70pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
HEALTH PHYSICS文献大全abstract：:Coyote fecal samples were collected near a radioactive waste leaching pond and a solid radioactive waste disposal facility and analyzed for radioactivity. Elevated concentrations of 137Cs, 90Sr and 238Pu in the samples from the liquid radioactive waste leaching area were attributed to coyotes ingesting contaminated po...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-198210000-00003
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A model system was developed previously for disposal of solid laboratory waste that is both radioactive and heat sensitive, e.g., HIV. A double polypropylene bag with charcoal vent filter and absorbent was designed to meet requirements for both steam sterilization and disposal as solid radioactive waste. Earlier work ...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-199107000-00015
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By testing industry standard techniques for radon progeny evaluation on air sample filters, a new technique is developed to evaluate transuranic activity on air filters by curve fitting the decay curves. The industry method modified here is simply the use of filter activity measurements at different times to estimate ...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-200401000-00010
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uptake of 226Ra, 232Th, 230Th, and 228Th from water, sediment, and diet sources to bone and muscle of white suckers (Catostomus commersoni) was studied in sixteen lakes in the uranium-mining district of Ontario, Canada. Fish tissues did not increase linearly with environmental concentrations. The best relationship app...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-199709000-00007
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The most effective countermeasure for radioiodine contamination of milk is to provide dairy animals with uncontaminated feed, with the added advantage that it will be effective for other radionuclides in the fallout. Another effective response is to process the milk into storable dairy products for an appropriate leng...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-199611000-00005
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have simulated the head geometry of a Varian Clinac 2100C/2300C medical accelerator in a Monte Carlo calculation to produce photoneutrons and transport them through the head shielding into a typical therapy room (modeled by a test cell at Varian Associates). The fast neutron leakage fluence and energy spectra have ...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-199801000-00005
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two-cell mouse embryos were exposed in vitro to tributyl phosphate, x rays, or a combination of both. In-vitro development of the embryos was followed microscopically (cleavage to four- and eight-cell embryos, formation of morulae and blastocysts, and hatching of blastocysts). Effects on proliferation were estimated b...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-198712000-00009
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laser safety filter materials must be evaluated at various levels up to the maximum irradiances likely to be encountered, since the absorber may exhibit nonlinear properties. Extreme care is necessary around short-duration lasers due to extremely high peak irradiances in the beam. This is especially true for visible a...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-198607000-00007
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calculations of Committed Effective Dose Equivalent (CEDE) due to inhalation using four of the five methods suggested in the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide 8.34 (1992a) were performed to determine if any significant differences in the calculated value of the CEDE exist for typical power p...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-199411000-00004
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Low-level radioactive waste containing liquid scintillation fluid and known amounts of 14C and 3H has been incinerated in a modified pathological incinerator with the incinerator effluent, refractory surface and ash being monitored. The study relates the activity monitored to that incinerated and discusses how this re...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-198610000-00006
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following a radiation emergency, evacuated, sheltered or other members of the public would require monitoring for external and/or internal contamination and, if indicated, decontamination. In addition, the potentially-impacted population would be identified for biodosimetry/bioassay or needed medical treatment (chelat...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/HP.0b013e31821dd9a2
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An attempt was made to test the hypothesis (McLeod et al. 1987; Smith et al. 1987) that a certain combination of direct current and alternating current magnetic field exposures at room temperature results in an increase in motility of a marine diatom (Amphora coffeaeformis) to a maximum value. Diatom motility increase...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-199403000-00011
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In November 2007, the Wisconsin Division of Public Health Hospital Disaster Preparedness Program State Expert Panel on Radiation Emergencies issued a report titled The Management of Patients in a Radiological Incident. Gundersen Lutheran Health System was selected to conduct a demonstration project to implement the re...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/HP.0b013e3181de4270
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uranium concentration in drinking water samples collected from some areas of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh has been measured using a laser induced fluorimetry technique. The sources of water comprise hand pumps and tube wells. Uranium concentration in the water samples from Punjab varies from 1.39 +/- 0.16 to 98.25 +/- ...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.HP.0000202233.64500.89
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were performed with 30 11 cm × 42.5 cm × 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) detectors to better understand their positional response. Spectra were collected using 0.02 to 0.15 MBq point sources of Am, Cs, Co, and Ba positioned on lines parallel and perpendicular to the long axis of the crystal along both the narrow and wide d...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/HP.0000000000001051
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiation exposure of the biota in the shoreline area of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant Cooling Pond was assessed to evaluate radiological consequences from the decommissioning of the Cooling Pond. This paper addresses studies of radioactive contamination of the terrestrial faunal complex and radionuclide concentra...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/HP.0b013e3182242e02
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The exposure of German aircraft crews to cosmic radiation varies both with solar activity and operational factors of airline business. Data come from the German central dose registry and cover monthly exposures of up to 37,000 German aircraft crewmembers that were under official monitoring. During the years 2004 to 20...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/HP.0000000000000150
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is readily apparent, as the Department of Energy Office of Environmental Management proceeds in remediating its vast network of contaminated nuclear weapons facilities, that final cleanup at many facilities will not be performed to a level allowing unrestricted use of the facility. Instead, these facilities must re...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-200311000-00005
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The apparent risk of childhood leukemia resulting from paternal pre-conception radiation exposure found among children of the Sellafield (West Cumbria, UK) workforce is compared with the apparent risk in a number of other epidemiological studies. In particular, the extent of the incompatibility of the leukemia pre-con...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00004032-199503000-00001
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The concentrations of natural alpha-emitting isotopes of thorium (228Th, 230Th and 232Th) have been determined in 22 sets of human tissue samples obtained at autopsy from Grand Junction, CO and in 10 sets from Washington, DC. Tissues included lung, pulmonary lymph nodes, liver, kidney, bone, a few gonads, spleen and t...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-198306001-00018
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Assumptions supporting a chronic aqueous release methodology are inappropriate for estimating dose from accidental discharges. A method of modeling acute or accidental releases is being developed for predicting maximum individual dose. Standardization of consumption rates and usage factors for acute aqueous releases i...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-199206000-00011
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haemopoietic stem cell assays allow investigation of local radiation damage at any time after contamination. These techniques were used to determine the relative effectiveness of 241Am and 226Ra in inducing damage in various cortical and trabecular bone marrow sites. Male Balb/c mice were injected with either 230 or 6...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-198306001-00054
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to their high stability and accumulation over time, translocations are currently the cytogenetic marker of choice for radiation dose estimation following protracted radiation overexposures or overexposures that occurred up to several decades in the past (environmental/occupational/medical exposures). In the course...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/HP.0b013e31824645fb
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Western Canada, there are many plants that process natural gas to remove impurities (CO2, H2S, H2O) and recover natural gas liquids (propane, butane, etc.). Trace quantities of 222Rn present in the inlet stream are concentrated in streams rich with propane. Potential hazards to plant operators include direct inhala...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-199007000-00016
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fetal radiation dose estimates were calculated for women who received oral administrations of 59Fe at Vanderbilt University in the 1940's. A similar dosimetry analysis was performed by Dyer and Brill in 1972; the availability of recently developed physical models of the pregnant female at different stages of gestation...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-199705000-00004
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This commentary evaluates two sets of guidelines for human exposure to radiofrequency (RF) energy, focusing on the frequency range above the "transition" frequency at 3-10 GHz where the guidelines change their basic restrictions from specific absorption rate to incident power density, through the end of the RF band at...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/HP.0000000000000671
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the recent upsurge in worldwide terrorism, the prospects for a radiation terrorism event have greatly increased. Current recommendations regarding recovery from such an event specify that decisions about the extent of radiological cleanup will be dependent upon stakeholder acceptance of the risk levels. The case ...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/HP.0000000000000457
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:²²²Rn (radon) and ²²⁰Rn (thoron) progeny are known to interfere with determining the presence of long-lived transuranic radionuclides, such as plutonium and americium, and require from several hours up to several days for conclusive results. Methods are proposed that should expedite the analysis of air samples for det...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/HP.0b013e31824641a8
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Manipulations of lethally-irradiated animals, such as for administration of pharmaceuticals, blood sampling, or other laboratory procedures, have the potential to induce stress effects that may negatively affect morbidity and mortality. To investigate this in a murine model of the hematopoietic acute radiation syndrom...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/HP.0000000000000354
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The natural radioactivity in some rock samples in Ikogosi-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria, has been measured using a very sensitive gamma spectroscopic system consisting of a 76 mm x 76 mm NaI(TI) scintillation detector system coupled to a versatile Canberra Series 10 plus multichannel analyzer. The average concentrations...
journal_title：Health physics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00004032-200008000-00013
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
