The Effects of Radiation and Emitted Light Transport on the Positional Response of 11 cm × 42.5 cm × 5.5 cm NaI(Tl) Detectors.

abstract：:Depleted uranium was first used on a large scale as a major component of munitions and armaments employed by the U.S. armed forces during the Gulf War in 1991. In response to concern that exposure to depleted uranium may have been a cause of health problems suffered by returning veterans of that war, an already existi...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： McDiarmid MA,Engelhardt SM,Oliver M

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of the spatial and temporal distribution of microscopic radiation doses lead to potentially important questions regarding conventional approaches to radiation protection. The short ranges of alpha-particle and Auger-electron emissions from radionuclides lead to uncertainties in assessing their hazards. The con...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Goodhead DT

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The destruction of the Unit 4 reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant resulted in the generation of radioactive contamination and radioactive waste at the site and in the surrounding area (referred to as the Exclusion Zone). In the course of remediation activities, large volumes of radioactive waste were generate...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Napier BA,Schmieman EA,Voitsekovitch O

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing audience knowledge is often set as a primary objective of risk communication efforts. But is it worthwhile focusing risk communication strategies solely on enhancing specific knowledge? The main research questions tackled in this paper were: (1) if prior audience knowledge related to specific radiation risk...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Perko T,Zeleznik N,Turcanu C,Thijssen P

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mathematical simulations and benchmark measurements were performed to assess the impact that normal variations in human calcium content have on in vivo K x-ray fluorescence measurements of lead in bone. Four sets of cortical bone tissue simulants were fabricated containing from 20.8% to 23.8% calcium (by weight) for m...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lodwick CJ,Lodwick JC,Spitz HB

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of x-ray generators for diagnostic radiology in the medical sector in Cameroon, Central Africa, is wide spread and on the increase in recent times. Regulatory control of x-ray machines used in medical sector has been achieved in the Littoral Region of Cameroon by means of notification and authorization systems...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Beyala Ateba JF,Simo A,Moyo Ndontchueng M,Sabouang JF

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An analysis and evaluation of 241Am in the whole body of a donor to the U.S. Transuranium Registry (USTR) is presented in five parts. The USTR donor's pertinent medical history, autopsy findings and antemortem evaluations of intake and systemic burden are described in Parts I and II. The donor was a 49-yr-old male Cau...

journal_title：Health physics

authors：

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Röntgen's description of his discovery of x rays was convincing and comprehensive. The response of the scientific community and public was immediate and intense. In contrast, the discovery of radioactivity was a muddled affair that excited little interest. While it would prove far more revolutionary than that of x ray...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Frame PW

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution and behavior of Cs in the soil-plant systems at some upland sites in Northeastern Italy, Scotland, and Norway have been investigated. From the limited range of samples taken, there appears to be no dominant physicochemical control on the plant availability of Cs. The presence of micaceous minerals or ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Livens FR,Horrill AD,Singleton DL

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The deployment of a radiological dispersal device (RDD) is likely to result in relatively low radiation exposure of the targeted population, insufficient to cause a severe radiation detriment. Nevertheless, due to atmospheric dispersion of the radioactive material, an urban area equaling several city blocks could be a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Steinhausler F

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large amounts of radioiodines were released into the atmosphere during the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant on 26 April 1986. In order to investigate whether the thyroid cancers observed among children in Belarus could have been caused by radiation exposures from the Chernobyl accident, a team of Belarusi...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Gavrilin Y,Khrouch V,Shinkarev S,Drozdovitch V,Minenko V,Shemiakina E,Ulanovsky A,Bouville A,Anspaugh L,Voillequé P,Luckyanov N

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined the suitability of optically stimulated recombination luminescence in quartz for low-level dosimetry of recent events such as radiation accidents. Minimum detectable doses were determined for both fired and unfired quartz. Using a single aliquot technique, good detection of doses on the order of 0.01 Gy ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Godfrey-Smith DI,Haskell EH

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While much of the language used to express the concepts of radiation protection works effectively, there are many ill-chosen names and phrases and much jargon that permeate our professional speech and writing. From the oxymoron "internal exposure" to the "snarl word" "decay," there is much room for improvement. This e...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Strom DJ,Watson CR

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three statistical control chart methods were investigated to determine the one with the highest detection probability and the best average run length (ARL). The three control charts include the Shewhart control chart of count data, cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis of count data (Poisson CUSUM), and CUSUM analysis of ti...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Luo P,Devol TA,Sharp JL

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Radioactive seed localization procedures, using I seeds of typical activity 3.7 MBq and higher, are performed to localize nonpalpable lesions in the breast for surgical excision and pathology analysis. This study evaluated the use and dosimetry of I seeds of activity <3.7 MBq in radioactive seed localization procedure...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Brost E,Prather A,Naik H,Jafari ME

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work involving the decommissioning of a former ceramic manufacturing facility licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for activities involving depleted uranium oxide has uncovered the presence of unexpected high levels of natural radioactivity in non-licensed zirconium oxide powders also used in the same ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lischinsky J,Vigliani MA,Allard DJ

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Open-faced and diffusion-barrier charcoal canisters were individually exposed to a fixed temperature, humidity, and radon concentration in a chamber for a period of 7 d. The radon progeny activity in the canister under study was measured every 3 h. A total of 15 runs were made for the open-faced canisters and nine run...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Luetzelschwab JW,Hastings L,Ellis SM

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using a series of daily measurements of 125I in the drinking water of North Surrey, England, from November 1988 through May 1990, the accumulated activities in the thyroids of adults drinking such water were calculated on the assumption that the fraction of ingested iodine taken up by the thyroid was f = 0.3 and the t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Bowlt C,Howe JR

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The International Commission on Radiological Protection system of radiological protection is based on three pillars: science, ethical and social values, and experience. As far as ethics and the protection of humans are concerned, the system combines the values of beneficence/non-maleficence, prudence, justice, and dig...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lochard J

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gamma-ray spectra were measured from Scottish heather honey samples gathered from hive locations with associated airborne gamma-ray survey data. The honeys all contained radiocesium, with activity concentrations ranging from 43-680 Bq kg(-1) 137Cs, and 134Cs/137Cs ratios consistent with Chernobyl deposition. Activity ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Fisk S,Sanderson DC

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The frequency of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (hprt) mutations has been determined in the peripheral T-lymphocytes of 18 workers at the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing installation with cumulative recorded radiation doses of about 500 mSv or more in comparison with a matched control group of 18 worke...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cole J,Arlett CF,Green MH,Holdsworth D,Tawn EJ,Bridges BA

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper demonstrates the utility of a portable alpha Continuous Air Monitor (CAM) as a bench top scalar counter for multiple sample types. These include using the CAM to count fixed air sample filters and radiological smears. In counting radiological smears, the CAM is used very much like a gas flow proportional co...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hayes RB,Peña AM,Goff TE

更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monte Carlo simulation techniques using a Monte Carlo N-Particle code (MCNP5) analyzed six Source Production & Equipment Co., Inc., Se industrial radiography sources to determine an appropriate air kerma rate constant for Se, factoring in source encapsulation and compared to a theoretical approximation. Based on this ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： H Currier B,Munro JJ 3rd,Medich DC

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-six white male workers who did the original plutonium research and development work at Los Alamos have been examined periodically over the past 50 y to identify possible health effects from internal plutonium depositions. Their effective doses range from 0.1 to 7.2 Sv with a median value of 1.25 Sv. As of the e...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Voelz GL,Lawrence JN,Johnson ER

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is pointed out that induction of lung cancer by exposure to Rn daughters, applied at high doses to miners and at low doses to exposures in homes, provides a very stringent and sensitive test of the linear, no-threshold dose-response relationship for high-LET radiation, because this relationship predicts that a subs...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cohen BL

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An addition has been made to an existing software program for calculating shielding thicknesses of barriers for megavoltage radiation therapy beams. This addition calculates the shielding thicknesses required for the roof of a single-story building when adjacent, multi-level buildings are occupied. ...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Biggs PJ

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A significant portion of the cost for D&D is related to low-level waste disposal, decontamination, and final radiological survey. For that reason, a careful cost-benefit analysis must be performed weighing the cost of decontaminating and radiologically surveying the building media for release against the cost of dispo...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Barroso J,Roberts S

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The radionuclide contents of conventional natural raw building materials, coal ash and slag, and finished building products have been determined using gamma-ray spectrometry. Results of brick measurements in their original geometry and in crushed form are compared. The radioactive concentrations in cement and sand, mo...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Man CK,Lau SY,Au SC,Ng WK

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of 239Pu in a human whole body is reported. The body contained 246 Bq of 239Pu of which 130 Bq (52.8%) was found in the lungs and associated lymph nodes. Of the remaining 116 Bq (47.2%) that constituted the systemic deposition, 51.2 Bq (44%) were in the skeleton, 48.6 Bq (42%) in the liver, and the re...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： McInroy JF,Kathren RL,Voelz GL,Swint MJ

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Just two years have passed since the Tokyo Electric Power Company-Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) accident, a multidimensional disaster that combined to destroy the local infrastructure on which the safety system depended and gave a serious impact to the world. Countermeasures including evacuation, shelter...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Yamashita S

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00