Abstract:
:The content of calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (CGRP-LI) in motoneurons was studied in four motor pools supplying muscles in the rat hind limb subserving different types of motor activity. The motor pools were identified by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase or fluorophore-conjugated dextran amines, which were injected into the soleus, tibialis anterior, lateral gastrocnemius, or abductor digiti minimi muscles. After processing for immunohistochemistry, a semiquantitative evaluation was carried out to estimate the proportion of strongly, intermediately, and weakly labeled motoneurons, as well as motoneurons totally lacking CGRP staining. This revealed a considerable diversity in the intensity of CGRP labeling even for motoneurons in the same motoneuron pool. Thus, strongly labeled cells, as well as cells devoid of CGRP label, were found in all four motoneuron pools. However, a difference was found in the distribution of motoneurons innervating muscles with a dominant composition of fast and slow motor units, respectively, in that a larger fraction of the latter type lacked CGRP-LI. Moreover, generally motoneurons in the small motor units of the abductor digiti minimi muscle displayed weaker staining, and a larger proportion of cells was totally devoid of CGRP-LI (16%) compared with larger motor units of the other three muscles (1-10%). Small-sized cells within the gamma-motoneuron size range were weakly stained or, more frequently, totally devoid of CGRP label (50%) as compared to larger cells, presumably representing alpha-motoneurons (1-16%). Five days after axotomy all four studied motoneuron pools displayed stronger CGRP labeling than corresponding unlesioned pools. However, a considerable variation in CGRP labeling persisted also among axotomized motoneurons. These results indicate that motoneurons normally display a great variation in CGRP-LI levels, but that motoneurons of small and slow-twitch motor units in general have lower levels than motoneurons of large and fast-twitch motor units, respectively. After axotomy, CGRP-LI increases in lesioned motoneuron pools compared with normal, but in a fraction of the axotomized motoneurons the increase seems to be discrete or even absent. The possible physiological implications of these findings are discussed.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Piehl F,Arvidsson U,Hökfelt T,Cullheim Sdoi
10.1007/BF00227109subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
291-303issue
2eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
96pub_type
杂志文章abstract::An economical method of computing the source densities underlying human scalp-recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) is used to investigate the topography of "evaluation potentials" elicited when a subject assess the outcome of a goal-directed activity. No sign of a generative focus was observed in frontal locations...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00235821
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During normal postnatal development, there is an overproduction and subsequent partial elimination of the callosal projections of cortical areas 17 and 18 in the cat. In the present study, we investigated how neonatal splitting of the optic chiasm affects this process. Our results indicate that neonatal splitting of t...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00242013
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of fatigue, induced by a 60-s maximal isometric force production with the index finger, on multi-finger coordination and force production by the other fingers of the hand. Finger forces were measured during single- and multi-finger maximal voluntary force production (MVC) at two sites, the middl...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210100698
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual information regarding limb location can override proprioceptive information when there is conflict between the two-a phenomenon referred to as visual capture. In three experiments, we employed the "mirror illusion," in which the perceived location of one's hand is influenced by the visual information specified ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-010-2445-6
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol exposure can reduce adult proliferation and/or neurogenesis, but its impact on the ultimate neurogenic precursors, neural stem cells (NSCs), has been poorly addressed. Accordingly, the impact of voluntary consumption of alcohol on NSCs in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle was examined in t...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3958-1
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::(1) The responses of CA1 pyramidal cells to short glutamate pulses (10-50 ms) delivered at sensitive spots in the apical dendrites have been analysed by intracellular recording. (2) The glutamate pulses elicited stable depolarizing responses in a dose- and frequency-dependent manner. (3) When a single action potential...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228178
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Movement sequences such as typing or tapping display important interactions among finger movements arising from anticipatory motion (preparing for upcoming events) and coupling (non-independence among fingers). We examined pianists' finger tapping for the influence of cognitive chunking processes and biomechanical cou...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0760-8
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to navigate efficiently, animals can benefit from internal representations of their moment-to-moment orientation. Head-direction (HD) cells are neurons that discharge maximally when the head of a rat is oriented in a specific ("preferred") direction in the horizontal plane, independently from position or ongo...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210000365
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the flight of Spacelab-1 a series of vestibular experiments was performed on the crew by a group of European investigators. Control experiments were carried out on the same subjects pre- and postflight. The tests included caloric stimulation of the ears, threshold measurements of response to linear acceleration...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237739
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3007-x
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In convergent strabismus (esotropia) the spatial asynchrony of the two eye inputs unbalances the interocular interactions, leading to the functional advantage of the nondeviated eye and the inhibition of the esotropic eye. It may be argued that the strabismic suppression, if it is the effect of inhibitory interactions...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1190-x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two distinct areas of cerebellar cortex, vermal lobule VII and the dorsal paraflocculus (DPFl) receive visual input. To help understand the visuomotor functions of these two regions, we compared their afferent and efferent connections using the tracers wheatgerm agglutinin horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) and biotinil...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0661-x
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::At a descriptive level, prehension movements can be partitioned into three components ensuring, respectively, the transport of the arm to the vicinity of the target, the orientation of the hand according to object tilt, and the grasp itself. Several authors have suggested that this analytic description may be an opera...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228557
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under free-viewing conditions, the leftward stimulus features are frequently overestimated (pseudoneglect). This asymmetry could reflect the operation of: (a) spatial attention mechanisms in the right hemisphere (RH) or, (b) stimulus-specific activation. To test these propositions, we attempted to induce a stimulus-sp...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0303-8
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The developing lateral geniculate complex was excised from fetal albino rats at 18 days of gestation and implanted into the occipital cortex of host animals at 5 days of postnatal age. Groups of host animals were sacrificed at 10, 20 and 30 days following this procedure. The transplant tissue of selected animals was s...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00235864
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemi-seesaw nystagmus (hemi-SSN) is a jerk-waveform nystagmus with conjugate torsional and disjunctive vertical components. Halmagyi et al. in Brain 117(Pt 4):789-803 (1994), reported hemi-SSN in patients with unilateral lesions in the vicinity of the Interstitial Nucleus of Cajal (INC) and suggested that an imbalance...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-010-2376-2
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biceps femoris (BF) muscle is divided into three neuromuscular compartments defined by the innervation patterns of the main nerve branches (English and Weeks 1987). The goals of this study were i) to determine how different regions of the biceps femoris muscle are activated in the intact cat during a broad range o...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00229406
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor control tasks like stance or object handling require sensory feedback from proprioception, vision and touch. The distinction between tactile and proprioceptive sensors is not frequently made in dynamic motor control tasks, and if so, mostly based on signal latency. We previously found that force control tasks en...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3341-z
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuronal responsiveness to three-dimensional (3D) motion in cat posteromedial lateral suprasylvian (PMLS) cortex was studied using a computer-controlled, stereoscopic 3D graphic display capable of reproducing the major visual cues for natural 3D motion, including motion disparity, size, texture, and shading change...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050509
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human sensorimotor synchronization is flexible but subject to temporal constraints. Previous research has shown that musicians tend to lose synchrony with target tones in an isochronous sequence when the sequence rate exceeds 8-10 Hz, presumably because phase correction ceases to function. The present study investigat...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-010-2462-5
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1034-8
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reports of spatial interactions between current and upcoming elements in a movement sequence could be due to intentional planning of a "global" action sequence (i.e., strategic effects), or to unintentional motor planning arising from merely paying attention to upcoming target objects (i.e., interference effects). The...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4511-6
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in the direction of the line of sight (gaze) allow successive sampling of the visual environment. Saccadic eye movements accomplish this goal when the head does not move. Medium-lead burst neurons (MLBs) in the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) discharge a high frequency burst of action potentials ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2823-8
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The startle reaction (SR) is usually understood as an involuntary reaction to an unexpected sensory input. However, there is evidence that the mechanisms involved in the SR contribute also to the execution of actions that we consider voluntary. We need to exert a fine control of the motor output, which usually involve...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1402-0
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A wealth of evidence implicates the crossed descending projection from the superior colliculus (SC) in orientation and approach behaviours directed towards novel, non-noxious stimuli. In our preceding paper, we identified a population of nociceptive neurones in the rat SC that have axons that project to the contralate...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00231781
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies suggest that recreational use of cocaine is associated with significant impairments in the same cognitive control functions that are affected by chronic use. Here we tested whether recreational cocaine use can impact the emergence and resolution of response conflict in conflict-inducing tasks. Recreatio...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3724-9
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subjects exposed to a rotating environment that perturbs their postural sway show adaptive changes in their voluntary spatially directed postural motion to restore accurate movement paths but do not exhibit any obvious learning during passive stance. We have found, however, that a variable known to characterize the de...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3815-7
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was conducted to visualize the ultrastructural features of vestibular efferent boutons in the oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau. The crista ampullaris of the horizontal semicircular canal was processed for and examined by routine transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrate that such boutons ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 更正并重新发布的文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-004-1898-x
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual stimulation alone is sufficient to produce visually induced postural reactivity (VIPR). While some studies have shown that VIPR increases with the velocity of a moving visual stimulus, others have shown that it decreases with the temporal frequency of an oscillating visual stimulus. These results seem contradic...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3592-3
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many age-related degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) increasingly appear to have similarities in their underlying causes. By applying knowledge between disorders, and in particular between degenerative diseases of different components of the CNS (e.g. the eye and the brain), we can begin to eluci...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-4078-7
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00