Abstract:
:In order to study the metabolic responses of humans consuming a diet moderately high in cholesterol content, we carried out a long-term sterol balance study, up to 25 weeks in duration. Two subjects, one normocholesterolemic and one hypercholesterolemic, were given, in sequence, a very low cholesterol diet and then a diet containing 1000 mg cholesterol per day. The plasma lipids, lipoproteins, cholesterol absorption and synthesis, and fecal steroid excretion were then measured during the different dietary periods (10-14 weeks of a very low cholesterol diet and 11 weeks of a moderately high cholesterol diet). During the high cholestrol dietary period, the plasma cholesterol level increased from 280 to 427 mg/dl for Subject 1 and from 123 to 166 mg/dl for Subject 2. The low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol increased from 215 to 318 mg/dl and from 76 to 112 mg/dl. The high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol also increased. Of the possible compensatory mechanisms against cholesterol overloading from the diet, two mechanisms were partially effective: cholesterol biosynthesis decreased (feedback inhibition) and bile acid excretion increased. Cholesterol absorption remained unchanged after the high cholesterol diet and was not a compensatory mechanism despite earlier assumptions that it might be. In spite of these compensatory mechanisms, the cholesterol feeding led to a 44% increase in the plasma cholesterol levels of these subjects. The predominant component of the plasma cholesterol increase was in the cholesterol transported by LDL and with presumably greater atherogenicity as a result. In the hypercholesterolemic subject, the LDL/HDL ratio increased and there was a net storage of cholesterol in the body. Storage of cholesterol did not occur in the normal subject.
journal_name
J Lipid Resjournal_title
Journal of lipid researchauthors
Lin DS,Connor WEsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-11-01 00:00:00pages
1042-52issue
8eissn
0022-2275issn
1539-7262journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Apolipoprotein (apo)E is well established as a secreted protein that plays an important role in systemic lipoprotein metabolism and vascular wall homeostasis. Recently, endogenous expression of apoE in adipocytes has been shown to play an important role in adipocyte lipoprotein metabolism and gene expression consisten...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M011809
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas antibipolar drug administration to rats reduces brain arachidonic acid turnover, excessive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) signaling is thought to contribute to bipolar disorder symptoms and may increase arachidonic acid turnover in rat brain phospholipids. To determine whether chronic NMDA would increase brain ar...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M700406-JLR200
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum triglyceride (TG) levels are increased in extremely obese individuals, indicating abnormalities in lipid metabolism and insulin resistance. We carried out a genome scan for serum TG in 320 nuclear families segregating extreme obesity and normal weight. Three hundred eighty-two Marshfield microsatellite markers (...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M400391-JLR200
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyl transferase (DHAP-AT), alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase (alkyl-DHAP-synthase), and glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) activities were investigated under optimal assay conditions using highly purified organelle preparations. The data presented clearly indicate that GPAT...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Solid-phase extraction (SPE) methods are easy, rapid, and reliable. Their growing popularity is in part due to their operational simplicity and cost reduction in solvents, and partly because they are easier to automate. Sphingolipids are implicated in various cellular events such as growth, differentiation, and apopto...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Niacin, the first antidyslipidemic drug, has been at the center stage of lipid research for many decades before the discovery of statins. However, to date, despite its remarkable effects on lipid profiles, the clinical outcomes of niacin treatment on cardiac events is still debated. In addition to its historically wel...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.S092007
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sphingolipids are ubiquitous components of eukaryotic cells that regulate various cellular functions. In many cell types, a fraction of sphingolipids contain 2-hydroxy fatty acids, produced by fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H), as the N-acyl chain of ceramide [hydroxyl fatty acid (hFA)-sphingolipids]. FA2H is highly exp...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M800666-JLR200
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophage infiltration of white adipose tissue (WAT) is implicated in the metabolic complications of obesity. The precipitating event(s) and function(s) of macrophage infiltration into WAT are unknown. We demonstrate that >90% of all macrophages in WAT of obese mice and humans are localized to dead adipocytes, where ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M500294-JLR200
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::HDL cholesterol levels are decreased in Crohn's disease, a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-driven chronic inflammatory condition involving the gastrointestinal tract. ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), one of several liver X receptor (LXR) target genes, is a cell surface transporter that mediates the...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M002410
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enzymes associated with glycerolipid biosynthesis were examined in microsomal fractions of liver and adipose tissue obtained from swine of various ages. Generally, liver glycerophosphate acyltransferase, phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, diglyceride acyltransferase, and choline phosphotransferase activities were substan...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simplified method for the preparation of the Dittmer-Lester spray for the detection of phospholipids on thin-layer chromatograms is described. ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1968-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of monoacylglycerides of long-chain fatty acids to human serum albumin has been examined using monooleoylglycerol as the ligand. Binding was investigated using changes in tryptophan fluorescence and also the displacement of a variety of well-studied fluorescent ligands from human serum albumin (HSA). Monoo...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Palmitoleic acid is a minor monounsaturated fatty acid in the human diet and in blood plasma. Because macadamia oil is at least one potentially large source of palmitoleic acid, we tested its effect on plasma lipid levels against two other dietary fatty acids, oleic acid and palmitic acid. The dietary adjustments, thr...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for direct profiling and determination of adrenal cholesteryl ester composition. Cholesteryl adrenate and cholesteryl cervonate, which are not commercially available, were synthesized as markers. Lipid extracts of rat adrenal homogena...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The direct effect of apolipoprotein (apo) E on cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) activity was studied using lipoproteins from a subject with apoE deficiency (Atherosclerosis. 1991. 88: 15-20) as a model system. The transfer of cholesteryl ester (CE) from discoidal bilayer particles (DBP) to very low density li...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An amino group of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is considered as a target for nonenzymatic glycation, and the potential involvement of lipid glycation in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications has generated interest. However, unlike an early glycation product of PE (Amadori-PE), the occurrence and roles of advance...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.D004564
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymph fistula rats with either biliary fistula or pancreaticobiliary fistula were used to measure coenzyme A-independent mucosal cholesterol esterifying activity in the presence and absence of pancreatic exocrine secretion. Efficiency of pancreatic diversion was verified to minimize contamination of mucosal homogenate...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of arachidonic acid (AA) found in the epidermis is not known. Two possibilities exist: either de novo synthesis within the epidermal keratinocyte, or transport of AA formed at distant tissue sites. The current study examined the ability of cultured murine and human keratinocytes to metabolize exogenously ad...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (C3G) (CAS number 7084-24-4), a typical anthocyanin pigment that exists in the human diet, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of C3G on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mastitis and the molecular mechanisms have not been investigated. In this study, we ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M047340
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown previously that low density lipoprotein (LDL) subjected to vortexing forms self-aggregates that are avidly phagocytosed by macrophages. That phagocytic uptake is mediated by the LDL receptor. We now show that LDL self-aggregation is strongly inhibited (80-95%) by the presence of high density lipoprotein ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipoprotein electrophoresis on agarose gel has been modified to allow estimation of the absolute quantity of each fraction. The reproducibility of the method is illustrated by 12 determinations in a single day on serum from one normal subject: mean total dye uptake was 302 +/- 9 (sd "corrected dye units," and the perc...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1971-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since spheroidal HDL particles (sHDL) are highly dynamic, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are useful for obtaining structural models. Here we use MD to simulate sHDL with stoichiometries of reconstituted and circulating particles. The hydrophobic effect during simulations rapidly remodels discoidal HDL containing ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M039206
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eubacterium sp. 144 dehydroxylated 16 alpha-hydroxy-progesterone; however, the expected intermediate, delta 16-progesterone, did not accumulate to significant concentrations in the culture medium. Moreover, the final end product of this biotransformation, 17 alpha-progesterone, was produced at a very slow rate. It was...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of eight Delta(24)-steroids and nine C-24 saturated steroids were examined. NMR spectra allow unambiguous assignment of the biologically important Delta(24)-bond; introduction of a Delta(24)-bond causes the appearance of peaks at Delta 1.60 and 1.68 associ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1968-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) interacts with HDL particles and facilitates the transfer of phospholipids from triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins to HDL. Overexpressing human PLTP in mice increases the susceptibility to atherosclerosis. In human plasma, high-active and low-active forms of PLTP exist. To ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M800080-JLR200
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional ideas concerning the unidirectional movement of triacylglycerol from intestinal lumen to lymph with sn-2-monoacylglycerol being the major glyceride-glycerol precursor were challenged by our finding that steady state specific activities of radiolabeled triacylglycerol (glyceryl moiety) in the intestinal mu...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector b (Cideb), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)- and lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein, has been shown to play a critical role in maintaining hepatic lipid homeostasis by promoting the lipidation and maturation of VLDL particles. Here, we observed that Cideb is expressed in the jej...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M046482
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a previous study, it was shown that the peroxisomal fraction of rat liver, isolated by Percoll gradient centrifugation of a light mitochondrial fraction, was able to catalyze conversion of 3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-trihydroxy-5 beta-cholestanoic acid (THCA) into cholic acid (Pedersen, J. I., and J. Gustafsson, 198...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation has been proposed to impair HDL function and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). We investigated the effects of inflammation mediated by zymosan, a yeast glucan, on multiple steps along the RCT pathway in vivo and ex vivo. Acute inflammation with 70 mg/kg zymosan impaired RCT to plasma, liver, and feces ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M011122
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vivo single-voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 4.7T and ex vivo high-resolution proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR-NMR) at 500 MHz were used to study the composition of adipose tissues in Zucker obese and Zucker lean rats. Lipid composition was characterized by unsaturation and polyunsaturation ...
journal_title:Journal of lipid research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1194/jlr.M011825
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00