Abstract：
:Niacin, the first antidyslipidemic drug, has been at the center stage of lipid research for many decades before the discovery of statins. However, to date, despite its remarkable effects on lipid profiles, the clinical outcomes of niacin treatment on cardiac events is still debated. In addition to its historically well-defined interactions with central players of lipid metabolism, niacin can be processed by eukaryotic cells to synthesize a crucial cofactor, NAD+ NAD+ acts as a cofactor in key cellular processes, including oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and DNA repair. More recently, evidence has emerged that NAD+ also is an essential cosubstrate for the sirtuin family of protein deacylases and thereby has an impact on a wide range of cellular processes, most notably mitochondrial homeostasis, energy homeostasis, and lipid metabolism. NAD+ achieves these remarkable effects through sirtuin-mediated deacetylation of key transcriptional regulators, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-α, LXR, and SREBPs, that control these cellular processes. Here, we present an alternative point of view to explain niacin's mechanism of action, with a strong focus on the importance of how this old drug acts as a control switch of NAD+/sirtuin-mediated control of metabolism.
journal_name
J Lipid Resjournal_title
Journal of lipid researchauthors
Romani M,Hofer DC,Katsyuba E,Auwerx Jdoi
10.1194/jlr.S092007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-01 00:00:00pages
741-746issue
4eissn
0022-2275issn
1539-7262pii
jlr.S092007journal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:A new series of analogs of triglycerides has been synthesized, in which the glycerol moiety is replaced by each of the three isomeric cyclopentanetriols. For each of the isomeric cyclopentane-1,2,3-triols (1,2,3/0; DL-1,2/3; and 1,3/2), the tris-homoacyl derivatives of octanoic, decanoic, lauric, myristic, palmitic, s...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The common bile acids of rat bile (chenodeoxycholic, hyodeoxycholic, cholic, alpha-muricholic, and beta-muricholic acids) are completely separated by a new thin-layer chromatographic system. ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1968-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When NH(4)OH-NH(4)Cl extracts of adipose acetone powder were applied to agarose gel chromatography columns, two peaks of lipoprotein lipase were eluted. The first activity peak (LPL(a)) was eluted with an elution volume of a protein of molecular weight approximately five times that of the second (LPL(b)). Addition of ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gangliosides and sulfatides (STs) are acidic glycosphingolipids (GSLs) that have one or more sialic acids or sulfate substituents, in addition to neutral sugars, attached to the C-1 hydroxyl group of the ceramide long chain base. TLC is a widely employed and convenient technique for separation and characterization of ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.D046128
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HDL and its major component, apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), play a central role in reverse cholesterol transport. We recently reported the involvement of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor (GPI anchor) in the binding of HDL and apoA-I on human macrophages, and purified an 80 kDa HDL/apoA-I binding protein. In the pre...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M500425-JLR200
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-arachidonylethanolamine (AEA) accumulates during brain injury and postmortem. Because fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) regulates brain AEA content, the purpose of this study was to determine its role in the postmortal accumulation of AEA using FAAH null mice. As expected, AEA content in immediately frozen brain tis...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M400377-JLR200
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipid metabolism plays an important role in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. However, because it is difficult to measure the actual rates of synthesis and degradation of individual lipid species, lipid compositions are often used as a surrogate to evaluate lipid metabolism even though they provide only static s...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.D119000318
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chiral phase high performance liquid chromatographic resolution of sn-1,2(2,3)- and X-1,3-diacylglycerols generated by partial Grignard degradation from natural triacylglycerols was carried out using a chiral column (25 cm x 4.6 mm i.d.) containing (R)-(+)-1-(1-napthyl)ethylamine polymer chemically bonded to 300A wide...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apheresis is a treatment option for patients with severe hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease. It is, however, unknown whether such therapy changes kinetic parameters of lipoprotein metabolism, such as apolipoprotein B (apoB) secretion rates, conversion rates, and fractional catabolic rates (FCR). We studi...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mammalian FA-binding proteins (FABPs) bind long-chain FA with high affinity. The large number of FABP types is suggestive of distinct functions in specific tissues. Multiple experimental approaches have shown that individual FABPs possess both unique and overlapping functions, some of which are based on specific e...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1194/jlr.R800084-JLR200
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammals, the apolipoprotein (apo) A-I gene is expressed predominantly in liver and intestine, while in avian species it is expressed in all tissues. Although liver and intestine are the major sites of chicken apoA-I mRNA synthesis, there are appreciable amounts of apoA-I mRNA in kidney, ovary/testes, brain, lung, s...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate the mobilization of individual fatty acids from human subcutaneous adipose tissue in vivo. Concentrations of individual non-esterified fatty acids were measured in arterialized plasma and in the venous drainage from subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue in eight normal su...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:apoM is a member of the lipocalin superfamily and circulates in plasma attached to HDL particles. apoM plays a role in cholesterol metabolism and has recently been identified as transporter for the signaling lipid, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), in plasma. S1P is implicated in several inflammatory diseases such as mul...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.D055947
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incubation of 125I-labeled very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) with lipoprotein lipase-rich (postheparin) plasma obtained from intact or supradiaphragmatic rats resulted in the transfer of more than 80% of apoprotein C from VLDL to high density lipoprotein (HDL), whereas apoprotein B was associated with lipoprotein of...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms involved in the development of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are not well established. We investigated the involvement of acyl-CoA: diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) upregulation in mediating hepatic fat accumulation induced by chronic alcohol consumption. Chronic alcohol feeding caused fatty liv...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M007948
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lipids of intact human platelets were labeled in vitro with acetate-1-(14)C, and the distribution of radioactivity in individual fatty acids and in lipid classes was examined in platelet subcellular fractions separated by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. The distribution of newly formed fatty acids am...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1971-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The novel acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor CP-113,818 has been characterized in vitro against ACAT isolated from liver and intestine from a variety of species including human subjects, and in vivo in cholesterol-fed rats, hamsters, rabbits, and two species of nonhuman primates. CP-113,818 is a pot...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple, rapid, inexpensive method for isolating disaturated phosphatidylcholine from adult rat lung has been devised. Total lipids are reacted with osmium tetroxide dissolved in carbon tetrachloride, and the disaturated phosphatidylcholine is isolated on a column of neutral alumina. More than 99% of the fatty acids ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Albumin-bound long-chain fatty acid methyl esters (ME) were taken up and utilized by Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and slices of rat heart, liver, and kidney. Much more ME than albumin was taken up by the tumor cells, indicating that ME dissociated from the carrier protein during their uptake. 70-80% of the radioactivit...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1970-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is an important regulator of plasma HDL levels and HDL particle distribution. PLTP is present in plasma in two forms, one with high and the other with low phospholipid transfer activity. We have used the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, as a model to study PLTP secreted from...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M300059-JLR200
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The extent to which the heart can convert alpha-linolenic acid (alpha-LNA, 18:3n-3) to longer chain n-3 PUFAs is not known. Conversion rates can be measured in vivo using radiolabeled alpha-LNA and a kinetic fatty acid model. [1-(14)C]alpha-LNA was infused intravenously for 5 min in unanesthetized rats that had been f...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M800093-JLR200
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a simplified and improved high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the detection and quantitation of tissue lipid using a new laser light-scattering detector (Varex model ELSD II). This detector has a limit of sensitivity of 50 ng for neutral lipid and 200 ng for most phospholipids wi...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The basic protein protamine strongly inhibited hydrolysis of triolein emulsified with soybean phosphatidylcholine (PC) by pancreatic and carboxylester lipases; 10 micrograms/ml protamine, about 1000 times lower than the concentration of bovine serum albumin for the same effect, inhibited triolein hydrolysis completely...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Structurally specific very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles are presumed to redirect VLDL uptake during yolk deposition. Egg production is an energy intensive process, but energy excess negatively affects egg production. This study sought to determine whether overfeeding changed hen lipoprotein profiles, and i...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In skin fibroblasts grown from four children with a homozygous form of type II hyperlipoproteinemia, the feedback control of sterol synthesis and the inhibitory effect on hydroxymethylglutaryl (HMG) CoA reductase activity by serum or low density lipoprotein were present, though diminished compared with the effects in ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ABCA1 exports cholesterol and phospholipids from cells by a multistep pathway that involves forming cell surface lipid domains, solubilizing these lipids by apolipoproteins, binding of apolipoproteins to ABCA1, and activating signaling processes. Here we used a mutational analysis approach to evaluate the relationship...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M800366-JLR200
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (31P NMR) spectroscopy has been used to study accumulation of N-acyl-ethanolamine phospholipids in rat brains during post-decapitative ischemia. Lipids were extracted from rat brain homogenates and the extracts were thoroughly washed with aq. potassium ethylenediaminetetraaceti...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human lysosomal acid lipase/cholesteryl ester hydrolase (hLAL) is essential for the intralysosomal metabolism of cholesteryl esters and triglycerides taken up by receptor-mediated endocytosis of lipoprotein particles. The key role of the enzyme in intracellular lipid homeostasis is illustrated by two lysosomal storage...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes the gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GLC-MS) of the trimethylsilyl ethers of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-triol with mono- or dihydroxy substitution in the side chain. Compounds with 24- and 25-unsaturation in the side chain were also studied. The gas-liquid chromatogr...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bile salts of the coelacanth, Latimeria chalumnae, Smith, have been analyzed and shown to have three bile alcohols, latimerol, 5 alpha-cyprinol, and 5 alpha-cholestane-3 beta, 7 alpha,-12 alpha,25,26-pentol, two C24 bile acids, chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid, one C26 bile acid, probably 3 beta, 7 alpha, 12 alph...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
