Abstract:
:The effects of phenytoin (PHT) on the spontaneous activity of cerebellar Purkinje cells and the drug serum levels have been examined following both intravenous and intraperitoneal administration in rats. Purkinje cell activity was assessed by on-line computer analysis of interspike interval distributions. PHT levels were assayed in blood samples taken at the end of the electrophysiological experiments and in successive samples obtained in parallel experiments over periods corresponding to when electrophysiological recordings were made. Single intravenous doses of PHT (10 mg/kg) produced a decrease in the discharge rate in individual Purkinje cells with a time course which was delayed and prolonged compared with the changes in serum levels of PHT. A single intraperitoneal dose of PHt (100 mg/kg) produced a statistically significant (p < 0.02) decrease in Purkinje cell discharge rate. Similar results (p < 0.01) were obtained after pretreatment with PHT (50 mg/kg daily for 14 days, including the day of the experiment). Both injection schedules produced nontoxic serum PHT levels during the recording period. Pretreatment with PHT doses of 10 mg/kg for 14 days (including the experimental day) produced a smaller decrease in Purkinje cell discharge rate (p < 0.05). When pretreatment ceased the day before the electrophysiological experiment, no significant changes in Purkinje cell activity were observed, and serum PHT levels were not detectable at the end of the experiment. None of the pretreatment schedules produced overt signs of cerebellar dysfunction or motor impairment. These findings indicate that PHT may increase the output from the cerebellum by suppressing Purkinje cell activity. Since this effect occurs without producing cerebellar symptoms, it may account for some of the therapeutic action of PHT at nontoxic levels in man.
journal_name
Epilepsiajournal_title
Epilepsiaauthors
Latham A,Paul DHdoi
10.1111/j.1528-1157.1980.tb04313.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1980-12-01 00:00:00pages
597-610issue
6eissn
0013-9580issn
1528-1167journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
EPILEPSIA文献大全abstract:PURPOSE:Evidence for a poor psychiatric, social, and vocational adult outcome in childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) suggests long-term unmet mental health, social, and vocational needs. This cross-sectional study examined behavioral/emotional, cognitive, and linguistic comorbidities as well as their correlates in childre...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01680.x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Unresolved past stressful events can induce a state of vulnerability to epilepsy and comorbidities. Using an experimental model of stress-induced vulnerability to depression, we tested whether an antioxidant treatment applied after the onset of epileptogenesis was disease modifying and could prevent the occur...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14692
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a novel once-daily antiepileptic drug (AED) approved in Europe since 2009 that was found to be efficacious and well tolerated in a phase III clinical program in adult patients with partial onset seizures previously not controlled with treatment with one to three AEDs, including carbama...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03519.x
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether acute exacerbations of cirrhotic liver disease are associated with higher odds of readmission for epilepsy or status epilepticus. METHODS:The New York State Inpatient Database is a statewide dataset containing data on 97% of hospitalizations for New York State. In this retrospective, cas...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.16437
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty therapy-resistant epileptic patients entered a double-blind, randomized, two-period, cross-over trial comparing progabide (19.3-36 mg/kg/day) and placebo as add-on drugs to standard therapy. Each period lasted 6 weeks with a gradual crossover during 4 days. Five patients were dropped because of reasons unrelate...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1984.tb03466.x
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification and correction of adverse physiological changes that lead to seizures in children can improve the effectiveness of current therapeutic practices in epilepsy. It is proposed that various circadian rhythms (respiration, hormones, water balance, electrolytes, intracranial pressure, blood pressure), met...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1980.tb04090.x
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of surgical strategies are available to deal with intractable epilepsy. These are resective operations, consisting of the removal of a focus or a discrete lesion, gross removal of malfunctioning brain, and functional operations consisting of division of the pathways of propagation or of an epileptic neuronal...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1995.tb01651.x
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the structure-function relation of the temporal lobe in newly diagnosed West syndrome of unknown cause (uWS). METHODS:Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (three-dimensional [3D] structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging [DTI]) was analyzed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/epi.12907
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The "adenosine hypothesis of SUDEP" (sudden unexpected death in epilepsy) predicts that a seizure-induced adenosine surge combined with impaired metabolic clearance can foster lethal apnea or cardiac arrest. Changes in adenosine receptor density and adenosine kinase (ADK) occur in surgical epilepsy patients. ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.16487
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To clarify the electroclinical manifestation of epileptic seizures and the evolution of epilepsy in patients with peroxisomal diseases. METHODS:Retrospective review of the medical records and EEGs of 14 patients with peroxisomal diseases: seven with Zellweger syndrome (ZS), two with neonatal adrenoleukodystrop...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1997.tb01095.x
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 10-year-old boy developed febrile convulsions at age 2 years, and multiple types of nonfebrile generalized seizures over the ensuing months and years. Gestation, birth, and early development were normal, as were initial EEG and brain imaging studies. By age 5 years, he had developed behavioral difficulties, and the ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2005.00357.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Men are different from women, and patients with epilepsy are different in many aspects from healthy control subjects. Quantitative or semiquantitative analysis of neuroimaging data depends on the comparison between either a single patient against a group of healthy or unaffected controls, or comparisons between groups...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03150.x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE: Preclinical data have suggested that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may have anticonvulsant properties, and some SSRIs are known to modulate ion channels in vitro. We screened citalopram, fluoxetine, and sertraline for anticonvulsant actions in mouse hippocampal slices, and studied the effect...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03660.x
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the first part of this essay, the "common wisdom" about Putnam and Merritt's contributions to the treatment of epilepsy was summarized (Rowland, 1982). Based on the history that has been presented here, how true are these "wisdoms"? Putnam and Merritt did devise "a simple and reliable method to test drugs of antico...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb05743.x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Absence epilepsy is a form of generalized epilepsy commonly seen in children. The neuronal process by which ethosuximide (ETX), a first choice anti-absence drug, prevents absence seizures is still unresolved. Recent clinical findings have indicated that focal cortical regions are involved during absence seizures. Cons...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02047.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Neuropsychological studies suggest frontal lobe dysfunctions in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). In this study we investigated whether an underlying mechanism could be a regional neuronal damage not visible with structural magnetic resonance (MR), but detectable with magnetic resonance spectrosc...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.2000.tb00158.x
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the relationship between seizures and excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT) activity and whether up-regulation of EAAT activity alters epileptogenicity. METHODS:In this study, we exposed rat hippocampal slices to different convulsants before measuring EAAT activity. Rats were exposed to the EAAT ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.2000.tb01567.x
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Patients with medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) exhibit structural brain damage involving gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM). The mechanisms underlying tissue loss in MTLE are unclear and may be associated with a combination of seizure excitotoxicity and WM vulnerability. The goal of this study was to in...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12353
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Pathogenic variants of KCNQ2, which encode a potassium channel subunit, cause either benign (familial) neonatal epilepsy-B(F)NE)-or KCNQ2 encephalopathy (KCNQ2 DEE). We examined the characteristics of KCNQ2 variants. METHODS:KCNQ2 pathogenic variants were collected from in-house data and two large disease da...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.16314
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Why some patients with seizures are successfully treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and others prove medically intractable is not known. Inadequate intraparenchymal drug concentration is a possible mechanism of resistance to AEDs. The multiple drug resistance gene (MDR1) encodes P-glycoprotein, an energy-dependen...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1995.tb01657.x
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Absence epilepsies are common, with a major genetic contribution to etiology. Certain environmental factors can influence absence occurrence but a complete understanding of absence precipitation is lacking. Herein we investigate if lowering blood glucose increases spike-wave activity in mouse models with varyin...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02911.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment with sodium valproate (VPA) in association with phenobarbital (PB) is accompanied by a greater systemic hyperammonemia than treatment by VPA alone. The anatomical origins of this difference were studied by injecting a dose of 1,500 mg VPA i.v. into six unmedicated patients and six epileptics chronically trea...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1983.tb03428.x
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We wished to determine the effects of seizure type, age at onset, and family history of epilepsy on risk of spontaneous abortion in the pregnancies of adults with idiopathic/cryptogenic epilepsy. METHODS:We examined pregnancy outcomes in 812 adults with idiopathic/cryptogenic epilepsy who had ever had or fathe...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1997.tb01470.x
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the ability of functional MRI (fMRI) to predict postoperative language decline compared to direct cortical stimulation (DCS) in epilepsy surgery patients. METHODS:In this prospective case series, 17 patients with drug-resistant epilepsy had intracranial monitoring and resection from 2012 to 2016 wi...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14666
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the epilepsy and neurology communities have position papers on a number of topics pertaining to epilepsy diagnosis and management, no current paper exists for the rationale and appropriate indications for epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) evaluation. General neurologists, hospital administrators, and insurers al...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/epi.13938
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the antiepileptic and neuroprotective properties of topiramate (TPM) alone and with coadministration of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-receptor antagonist budipine in a rat model of refractory status epilepticus. METHODS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats had electrodes implanted into the perforant path and...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.0013-9580.2004.26404.x
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We used the paired-pulse inhibition paradigm to determine whether the cell loss in the hilus of the dentate gyrus of female rats after kainic acid (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE) is associated with functional changes in the dentate gyrus. Additionally, we determined whether the lost function could be prese...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.43.s.5.3.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of epilepsy (KAPE) among the public play a major role in determining the extent to which people with epilepsy can be integrated into their society. KAPE SURVEYS IN ASIA:Surveys conducted among Chinese in China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore, and Hong Kong demonstrated simila...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.0013-9580.2005.461014.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rare individuals suffer epileptic seizures when they view certain images, particularly stripes. Contrast-threshold functions (the ability to see faint stripes of various widths) were determined for two pattern-sensitive brothers, and the epileptogenicity of various patterns was assessed for one of them. Sine wave grat...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1980.tb04075.x
更新日期:1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To systematically review the methodology and use of neuropsychological tests in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in patients with epilepsy. METHODS:Trial reports were found by searching Medline 1966-1996 and searching through journals by hand. Inclusion and exclusion criteria w...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01295.x
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00