Risk factors associated with acute myocardial infarction in Kuwait, 1978.

abstract：:This paper illustrates the basis of, expectations for and evaluation of prevention from an epidemiological perspective. Specifically, the extent to which epidemiologists could and should be involved in designing and evaluating public health interventions is addressed. Changes in the view on disease causation and epide...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wall S

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal models suggest that compounds containing a nitrosyl group (N-nitroso compounds (NNO)) can act as potent transplacental carcinogens. Many common drug formulations have the potential to undergo nitrosation in vivo. The association between maternal use of nitrosatable drugs during pregnancy and developme...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Carozza SE,Olshan AF,Faustman EM,Gula MJ,Kolonel LN,Austin DF,West ED,Weiss NS,Swanson GM,Lyon JL

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown an inconsistency in the association between maternal education and child nutritional status across socioeconomic levels. This may be because the beneficial effects of education are only significant when resources are sufficient but not abundant. METHODS:Associations were examined...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Reed BA,Habicht JP,Niameogo C

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using routinely collected maternity discharge data from 250,000 women in Scotland, we examined the risks of late spontaneous abortion and preterm delivery during the period 20 up to 36 weeks of gestation. Gestational age is treated as a fetal survival time and the risks of delivery associated with a history of spontan...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pickering RM,Deeks JJ

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mildmay Uganda (MUg), an HIV treatment centre near Kampala, the capital of Uganda, has entered into a memorandum of understanding to collaborate with Canadian researchers at the University of Ottawa to develop their research programme and develop an observational cohort database (the MUg observational cohort). The pri...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Funk A,Kanters S,Nansubuga M,Mwehire D,Featherstone A,Druyts E,Odiit M,Mills EJ

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Malaria is influenced by a web of individual and ecological factors, i.e. factors relating to people and relating to environment. For a long time analysing these factors concurrently has raised statistical problems. Multilevel modelling provides a new attractive solution, which is still uncommon in tropical ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Mauny F,Viel JF,Handschumacher P,Sellin B

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An extensive area of rural Ireland was monitored in detail for natural background radiation (NBR); average background radiation values were derived for all District Electoral Divisions (DEDs) in this area. Cancer mortality rates were calculated for the DEDs aggregated according to average NBR. No association was appar...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Allwright SP,Colgan PA,McAulay IR,Mullins E

更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We assessed the risk of tubal pregnancy among women who (1) were currently using an intrauterine device (IUD) and (2) had discontinued IUD use while still sexually active and at risk of pregnancy using data from a multicentre case-control study of married women conducted in Indonesia. METHODS:Cases were 560...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Basuki B,Rossing MA,Daling JR

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The problems and prospects in the use of case-control studies to assess the effects of improvements in environmental sanitation on diarrhoea morbidity are discussed on the basis of two field studies. It is concluded that an adequate design is available for assessing the effects of a single improvement on diarrhoeal di...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Briscoe J,Baltazar J,Young B

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We evaluated the reproducibility and relative validity of a 190-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to be used in a large prospective study in the Athens area of Greece. METHODS:In all, 42 men and 38 women, aged 25-67 years, completed two self-administered semi-quantitative FFQ spaced ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Katsouyanni K,Rimm EB,Gnardellis C,Trichopoulos D,Polychronopoulos E,Trichopoulou A

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is increasing recognition that the concepts traditionally taught by epidemiologists are essential for all medical graduates, most of whom will be clinicians, and not just for the minority who will specialize in population-based disciplines. This paper presents the recommendations of a Canadian conference which c...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Jenicek M,Fletcher RH

更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Involvement of adult Ixodes persulcatus ticks in the transmission of Lyme disease in Hailin County, Heilongjiang Province, China, is reported. In 1986 from April through August adult I. persulcatus was the dominant tick in this endemic area with an infection rate of 43% for the Lyme disease spirochaete, Borrelia burgd...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ai CX,Hu RJ,Hyland KE,Wen YX,Zhang YG,Qiu QC,Li DY,Liu XD,Shi ZX,Zhao JH

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The total duration of 'ovulatory activity' or 'ovulatory age' has been reported to be the strongest indicator of the risk of ovarian cancer. In the case-control study examined in this paper this variable was found to be a strong correlate of the risk of ovarian cancer. However, the finding that in older women the majo...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： La Vecchia C,Franceschi S,Gallus G,Decarli A,Liberati A,Tognoni G

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Few data on birthweight distributions are available for Zimbabwe. This paper reports a study of 2140 births in Harare, Zimbabwe, occurring in April 1986. Births took place in public facilities, which are estimated to serve 85% of the urban population. Mean birthweight for the entire sample is 2970 g, and for singleton...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Dole N,Gleiter K,Savitz DA,Chimbira TH,Mbizvo MT

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Life expectancy is most commonly measured for a period (corresponding to mortality within a given year) or for a specific birth cohort. Although widely used, period and cohort life expectancy have limitations as their time-trends often show disparities and can mask the historical mortality experience of all cohorts pr...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Canudas-Romo V,Adair T,Mazzuco S

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Only a few prospective studies have examined the relationship between the frequency of cigarette smoking and the incidence of diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to determine whether greater frequency of cigarette smoking accelerated the development of diabetes mellitus, and whether quitting reve...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Will JC,Galuska DA,Ford ES,Mokdad A,Calle EE

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The relationship between income and health is usually thought to be curvilinear, but previous studies have yielded inconsistent results. We therefore examined the shape of the relationship between household equivalent income and self-assessed health in seven European countries. METHODS:Data were obtained fr...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Mackenbach JP,Martikainen P,Looman CW,Dalstra JA,Kunst AE,Lahelma E,SEdHA working group.

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:High maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased risk of offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the role of unmeasured familial confounding for this association remains unclear. METHODS:We conducted a population-based cohort study via linkage of Swe...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chen Q,Sjölander A,Långström N,Rodriguez A,Serlachius E,D'Onofrio BM,Lichtenstein P,Larsson H

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A random population sample from Eastern Finland was studied. Altogether approximately 12 000 persons aged 25 to 59 years were examined with participation rate of 92%. Smoking, high saturated fat diet, increased serum cholesterol and elevated blood pressure showed clustering among men but not among women. Smoking tende...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Salonen JT,Puska P,Kottke TE,Heinonen OP

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The genetic basis of several familial cancers including breast and colon cancers has been identified recently. The occurrence of multiple cancers in one individual is also suggestive of a genetic predisposition. To evaluate inherited predisposition in pancreatic cancer we compared the clinical data of pancre...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gerdes B,Ziegler A,Ramaswamy A,Wild A,Langer P,Bartsch DK

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Associations between drug consumption during pregnancy and the birth of children with oral clefts were studied in material from the Finnish Register of Congenital Malformations, consisting of 599 children with clefts and their matched controls. Information concerning maternal drug consumption was partly prospective. D...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Saxén I

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hip fractures in elderly people are an important public health problem in many Western populations. Little is known of their epidemiology in Oriental populations. A comparative study of hip fracture incidence in Hong Kong and Southampton showed similar incidence rates by age and sex. In the last two decades hip fractu...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Lau EM,Cooper C,Wickham C,Donnan S,Barker DJ

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The statistical power of prospective studies on diet in relation to chronic disease risk can be improved by maximizing the variation in true intake levels actually distinguished--or 'predicted'--by dietary questionnaire assessments collected at baseline. This can be achieved by 1) developing a questionnaire method tha...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kaaks R,Riboli E

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several epidemiological studies in California have yielded data on percentage methaemoglobin in healthy individuals. The population groups represented include infants, elementary and high school children, and adults. The distributions of values in each group are described, as well as the differences between groups. Fa...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Goldsmith JR,Rokaw SN,Shearer LA

更新日期：1975-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine whether chlorination of drinking water was associated with cancer of the digestive or other organs, an ecological epidemiological study using nationwide incidence data from the Cancer Registry of Norway was carried out. On two geographical levels (counties and municipalities), both for men and women, chlori...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Flaten TP

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The prediction of future obesity patterns is crucial for effective strategic planning. However, disproportionally changing body mass index (BMI) distributions pose particular challenges. Flexible modelling of the shape of BMI distributions may improve prediction performance. METHODS:We used data from repeat...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Yamada G,Castillo-Salgado C,Jones-Smith JC,Moulton LH

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:So far, no randomized controlled trials with a mean mammographic screening interval of > or = 2 years has demonstrated statistically significant mortality reduction for women younger than age 50. The issue of screening frequency is vital in detection of primary breast cancer. METHODS:The study group consist...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ren JJ,Peer PG

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Syndromes for which no physical or pathological changes can be found tend to be researched and managed in isolation although hypotheses suggest that they may be one entity. The objectives of our study were to investigate the co-occurrence, in the general population, of syndromes that are frequently unexplain...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Aggarwal VR,McBeth J,Zakrzewska JM,Lunt M,Macfarlane GJ

更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Computerized record linkage is commonly used in cohort studies to ascertain the study outcome, and as such its accuracy classifying the outcome can be described using the standard epidemiological terms of sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV). METHOD:We describe a 'duplicate method' to calculate t...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Blakely T,Salmond C

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The long-term effects of infant vitamin D supplementation and status are unclear since there have been few controlled intervention trials and these have been small and contradictory. The Delhi Infant Vitamin D Supplementation (DIVIDS) trial found that supplementation of low-birthweight term infants with one ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Trilok-Kumar G,Kaur M,Rehman AM,Arora H,Rajput MM,Chugh R,Kurpad A,Sachdev HS,Filteau S

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00