Abstract：
:Five samples from three different types of 1500-year-old Mediterranean amphorae, as well as from a contemporary oil lamp found in the same deposit, were analyzed for the presence of lipid residues. Each sample of finely ground amphorae powder weighed 1-2 g. The abundance of interfering secondary products makes thin-layer chromatography (TLC) an essential step of the procedure. The fractionation of the extract into its various lipid components by means of TLC was followed by quantitative recovery of the triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA) fractions from the plates and by the measurement of their components by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after esterification. The minimum detectable level is 1 ng. The amphorae samples revealed a more abundant FFA fraction than a TG fraction, which is the reverse of what we know about the composition of fresh oil. Despite the considerable age of the amphorae and their preservation under non-ideal conditions, the lipid residues have retained certain identifiable characteristics that enable one to make valid suggestions as to the type of commodity originally transported in the amphorae. The results of these experiments yield important information that enables the biochemist to observe an aging process irreproducible in the laboratory and provides the archaeologist with previously unavailable information about trade 15 centuries ago.
journal_name
J Lipid Resjournal_title
Journal of lipid researchauthors
Passi S,Rothschild-Boros MC,Fasella P,Nazzaro-Porro M,Whitehouse Dsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-07-01 00:00:00pages
778-84issue
5eissn
0022-2275issn
1539-7262journal_volume
22pub_type
历史文章,杂志文章abstract：:A deficiency of lysosomal phospholipase A2 (LPLA2) causes macrophage-associated phospholipidosis, suggesting that the enzyme is important in the lipid catabolism. Because LPLA2 is secreted by macrophages, extracellular LPLA2 activity may potentially reflect a change in macrophage activation. In this report, the detect...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.D007146
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:LDL receptor-null (LDLR(-/-)) mice on a Western diet (WD) develop endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis, which are improved by the apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic peptide D-4F. Focusing on the kidney, LDLR(-/-)mice were fed a WD with D-4F or the inactive control peptide scrambled D-4F (ScD-4F) added to their...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M700433-JLR200
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fatty acids (FA) that are utilized for triglyceride (TG) synthesis in the liver and principally from two sources: FA synthesized de novo in the liver and preformed FA. We have measured the contribution from the two sources to very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) TG synthesis individually for palmitate, oleate, stearate...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that phytosterol and phytostanol esters possess similar cholesterol-lowering properties, however, whether mechanisms responsible are identical has not been addressed. To address this question, cholesterol plasma levels, absorption, biosynthesis, and turnover were measured in 15 hypercholesterolem...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Palmitoleic acid is a minor monounsaturated fatty acid in the human diet and in blood plasma. Because macadamia oil is at least one potentially large source of palmitoleic acid, we tested its effect on plasma lipid levels against two other dietary fatty acids, oleic acid and palmitic acid. The dietary adjustments, thr...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous findings with various murine tumor cell lines suggest an association between ganglioside GM3 and cell cohesive properties. The influence of GM3 on cohesion was studied in two mouse brain tumor cell lines: ependymoblastoma (EPEN) and CT-2A. In culture, the EPEN cells grow as islands and contain GM3 as the only...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A woman with primary lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency developed marked hypertriglyceridemia, pancreatitis, eruptive xanthomas, and unusual palmar xanthomas during pregnancy. Hypotheses to account for the palmar xanthomas were that oxidative modification of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins occurred due to increas...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acyl-CoA-dependent O-acyltransferases catalyze reactions in which fatty acyl-CoAs are joined to acyl acceptors containing free hydroxyl groups to produce neutral lipids. In this report, we characterize a human multifunctional O-acyltransferase (designated MFAT) that belongs to the acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransfera...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M500168-JLR200
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a method for estimating the total activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase (EC 1.1.1.34) in the small intestine of rats. An homogenate of the whole small intestine is prepared rapidly and assayed directly to maximize the yield of enzyme and to minimize opportunity for uncontrolled cha...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)/SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) complex regulates the transcription of numerous genes involved in cellular cholesterol metabolism. The CHO mutant, CT60, and its parental cell line, 25RA, possess a gain-of-function mutation in one allele of the SCAP gene th...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M500198-JLR200
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zonation affects liver parenchymal cell function and metabolism as well as nonparenchymal cell activation, but whether VLDL production is zonated has yet to be elucidated. Infection induces enhanced VLDL secretion by the liver. Ex vivo studies were undertaken to examine the liver heterogeneity for VLDL formation and s...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M500003-JLR200
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is a highly atherogenic lipid particle. Although earlier reports suggested that Lp(a) levels are mostly determined by genetic factors, several recent studies have revealed that Lp(a) induction is also caused by chronic inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to examine whether cytokine blockade by mo...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.P052209
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A strategy has been developed for archaebacterial lipid analysis which provides three times the information to describe archaebacterial isolates and is compatible with simultaneous eubacterial/eukaryotic lipid analysis of environmental samples. Eubacterial and micro-eukaryotic biomass, community structure, and nutriti...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We propose a simple mathematical model to account for the coupling of secretion rates of bile salts, lecithin, and cholesterol into bile. The model assumes that: 1) molecules of "biliary" lecithin and cholesterol enter a functional compartment located in the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocyte from which they are ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rate of lipolytic enzyme-catalyzed reactions yielding water-soluble products can be measured by isobaric titration. The method is based upon the measurement of the amount of substrate that must be added to a monalayer to maintain constant surface pressure during the course of the enzymatic reaction. The rate const...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The antitumor effect of daily individual administration of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (2 g/kg body weight) in Balb/c mice bearing a transplantable thymoma was investigated. Mice received oleic acid (control group), EPA and DHA ethyl esters starting 10 days before tumor inoculation. Anal...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocytes express on their surfaces more than one class of receptors capable of mediating the internalization of lipoproteins. However, relatively little is known about the binding characteristics of hepatic receptors for various lipoproteins, about the regulation of the receptors, and about the consequences for int...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The regulation of hepatic and intestinal 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase and acyl-CoA; cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activities by dietary fish oil was examined in the rabbit. Rabbits were fed 10% menhaden oil or menhaden oil plus 1% cholesterol for 14 days. They were compared with animals fed ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the chick, the large cholesteryl ester (CE) store present in the liver during the last period of embryonic life increases at hatching and is rapidly depleted after 2-7 days of postnatal life. In this study we asked whether these changes were associated with variations in the hepatic production of apoB-containing li...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lipids of intact human platelets were labeled in vitro with acetate-1-(14)C, and the distribution of radioactivity in individual fatty acids and in lipid classes was examined in platelet subcellular fractions separated by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation. The distribution of newly formed fatty acids am...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1971-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An improved preparation of proteolipid from bovine brain white matter is described. The product obtained by repeated acetone precipitation is completely soluble in chloroform-methanol and has a fairly constant composition: 35% protein, 40% galactocerebroside, and about 25% phospholipid. ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1967-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glycerolipid and apoB synthesis and secretion were examined in hepatocytes obtained from fetal, suckling (day 6), and adult rats in order to examine the developmental regulation of lipoprotein production. The capacity to synthesize [3H]triacylglycerol (from [3H]glycerol) followed the order: adult greater than day 6 gr...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A colony of New Zealand white rabbits has been developed which, when fed a cholesterol-supplemented diet, exhibit unusual resistance to hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis, disorders usually observed in normal cholesterol-fed rabbits. When resistant rabbits (RT) were fed a normal low cholesterol diet (ND), their ...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The surface area, A, of contracting fatty acid monolayers was measured as a function of time, t, at constant surface pressure. In the initial temporal phase, ln A was linear with radical t. In a subsequent steady-state phase, ln A was linear with t. The initial desorption coefficient for sodium palmitate, K(i), and th...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1973-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Naturally occurring derivatives of arachidonic acid are potent agonists for the nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and block cancer cell proliferation through the induction of apoptosis. We have previously reported that induction of apoptosis using cyclopentenone pros...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.m200224-jlr200
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analysis of plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) by gas-liquid chromatography requires procedures that are both lengthy and cumbersome. A 45-min direct methylation procedure was carried out at 24-29 degrees C on 150 microliter of plasma added with an internal standard in 5.0 ml of methanol-acetyl chloride 50:1 (v/v...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxidized LDL (oxLDL) is a known risk factor for atherogenesis. This study aimed to reveal structural features of oxLDL present in human circulation related to atherosclerosis. When LDL was fractionated on an anion-exchange column, in vivo-oxLDL, detected by the anti-oxidized PC (oxPC) mAb, was recovered in flow-throug...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.RA119000312
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bile acids play important roles in the regulation of lipid, glucose, and energy homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that glucose regulates gene transcription in the liver. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of glucose in regulation of bile acid synthesis in human hepatocytes. High glucose stim...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M002782
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In late-stage atherosclerosis, much of the cholesterol in macrophage foam cells resides within enlarged lysosomes. Similarly, human macrophages incubated in vitro with modified LDLs contain significant amounts of lysosomal free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester (CE), which disrupts lysosomal function similar to macrop...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1194/jlr.M800659-JLR200
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An elevated plasma concentration of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Life style modification and currently available drugs either fail to effectively lower plasma Lp(a) levels or do not result in clinical benefit. However, lipoprotein apheresis is very efficient in decr...
journal_title：Journal of lipid research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1194/jlr.R056549
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
