Atherosclerosis and hypertension induction by lead and cadmium ions: an effect prevented by calcium ion.

abstract：:During transcription, RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) must select the correct nucleotide, catalyze its addition to the growing RNA transcript, and move stepwise along the DNA until a gene is fully transcribed. In all kingdoms of life, transcription must be finely tuned to ensure an appropriate balance between fidelity and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Larson MH,Zhou J,Kaplan CD,Palangat M,Kornberg RD,Landick R,Block SM

更新日期：2012-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The virB operon of the Agrobacterium tume-faciens pTiA6NC plasmid likely plays a role in directing T-DNA transfer events at the bacterial membrane, as determined previously by mutagenesis and cellular fractionation studies and by DNA sequence analysis of the approximately 12-kilobase-pair operon. The DNA sequence anal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Christie PJ,Ward JE Jr,Gordon MP,Nester EW

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Historical collapse of ancient states or civilizations has raised new awareness about its possible relevance to current issues of sustainability, in the context of global change. This Special Feature examines 12 case studies of societies under stress, of which seven suffered severe transformation. Outcomes were comple...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Butzer KW,Endfield GH

更新日期：2012-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple paleoclimate proxies are required for robust assessment of past hydroclimatic conditions. Currently, estimates of drought variability over the past several thousand years are based largely on tree-ring records. We produced a 1,500-y record of winter precipitation in the Pacific Northwest using a physical mode...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Steinman BA,Abbott MB,Mann ME,Stansell ND,Finney BP

更新日期：2012-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Reinstatement of neural activity is hypothesized to underlie our ability to mentally travel back in time to recover the context of a previous experience. We used intracranial recordings to directly examine the precise spatiotemporal extent of neural reinstatement as 32 participants with electrodes placed for seizure m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yaffe RB,Kerr MS,Damera S,Sarma SV,Inati SK,Zaghloul KA

更新日期：2014-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The MAK16 gene was first defined as a gene whose mutation resulted in loss of M1 double-stranded RNA virus-like particles. The mak16-1 mutation also produces temperature-sensitive cell growth. We report here that mak16-1 cells arrest at the nonpermissive temperature in G1 phase, such that they are mating competent. We...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wickner RB

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hepatic pigment accumulated in 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine-treated rats, which has been reported to inhibit ferrochelatase, has been isolated and purified. The pigment has been resolved into one major, one minor, and two trace components, all of which appear to be isomeric porphyrins. The major fract...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ortiz de Montellano PR,Beilan HS,Kunze KL

更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although much evidence suggests that the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells is not homogenous, the precise architecture of this important structure has not been clear. Here we use transmission electron microscopy of plasma membrane sheets and specific probes to show that most or all plasma membrane-associated protein...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lillemeier BF,Pfeiffer JR,Surviladze Z,Wilson BS,Davis MM

更新日期：2006-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been proposed that horizontal cells of the vertebrate retina have a negative feedback synapse with cone photoreceptors. gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been suggested to be a neurotransmitter of monophasic horizontal cells (a subtype of horizontal cells), which have direct connections with red-sensitive and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tachibana M,Kaneko A

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenital osteopetrosis in the mutant rat "op" is accompanied by early atrophy of the thymus gland. The response of thymocytes to concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin P was greatly diminished at age 28 days, even before pronounced thymic atrophy could be detected. The response of spleen cells to mitogens that stimul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Milhaud G,Labat ML,Parant M,Damais C,Chedid L

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fact that animal introns are not spliced out in plants suggests that recognition of pre-mRNA splice sites differs between the two kingdoms. In plants, little is known about proteins required for splicing, as no plant in vitro splicing system is available. Several essential splicing factors from animals, such as SF...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lopato S,Mayeda A,Krainer AR,Barta A

更新日期：1996-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:OpcA is an integral outer membrane protein from Neisseria meningitidis, the causative agent of meningococcal meningitis and septicemia. It mediates the adhesion of N. meningitidis to epithelial and endothelial cells by binding to vitronectin and proteoglycan cell-surface receptors. Here, we report the determination of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prince SM,Achtman M,Derrick JP

更新日期：2002-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:F1, a water-soluble portion of FoF1-ATP synthase, is an ATP hydrolysis-driven rotary motor. The central gamma-subunit rotates in the alpha 3 beta 3 cylinder by repeating the following four stages of rotation: ATP-binding dwell, rapid 80 degrees substep rotation, interim dwell, and rapid 40 degrees substep rotation. At...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shimabukuro K,Yasuda R,Muneyuki E,Hara KY,Kinosita K Jr,Yoshida M

更新日期：2003-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Optimal flowering time is critical to the success of modern agriculture. Sorghum is a short-day tropical species that exhibits substantial photoperiod sensitivity and delayed flowering in long days. Genotypes with reduced photoperiod sensitivity enabled sorghum's utilization as a grain crop in temperate zones worldwid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murphy RL,Klein RR,Morishige DT,Brady JA,Rooney WL,Miller FR,Dugas DV,Klein PE,Mullet JE

更新日期：2011-09-27 00:00:00

abstract：:For decades, scientists have debated whether supercooled liquids stop flowing below a glass transition temperature [Formula: see text] or whether motion continues to slow gradually down to zero temperature. Answering this question is challenging because human time scales set a limit on the largest measurable viscosity...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jadhao V,Robbins MO

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We have isolated overlapping phage genomic clones covering an area of 26 kilobases that encodes the human alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor. The alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor gene contains 10 exons and 9 introns distributed over approximately 16 kilobases of DNA. To our knowledge, the number of introns is the highest yet reported...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hirosawa S,Nakamura Y,Miura O,Sumi Y,Aoki N

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms regulating clonal expansion and contraction of T cells in response to immunization remain to be identified. A recent study established that there was a log-linear relation between CD4 T-cell precursor number (PN) and factor of expansion (FE), with a slope of ∼-0.5 over a range of 3-30,000 precursors per...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bocharov G,Quiel J,Luzyanina T,Alon H,Chiglintsev E,Chereshnev V,Meier-Schellersheim M,Paul WE,Grossman Z

更新日期：2011-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The developmental loss of neurons in sympathetic, sensory, and some parasympathetic ganglia in familial dysautonomia suggests an inherited defect in the action of beta-nerve growth factor (beta-NGF). The role of this growth factor in dysautonomia has been difficult to resolve as there is no known source of authentic h...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Breakefield XO,Orloff G,Castiglione C,Coussens L,Axelrod FB,Ullrich A

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cyclic AMP-binding protein (CAP protein), cyclic AMP, and RNA polymerase holoenzyme are shown to initiate lac transcription at the lac promoter. Lac repressor appears to control transcription by preventing RNA polymerase and/or CAP protein from binding to the lac promoter. Results support the idea that the lac promo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eron L,Block R

更新日期：1971-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 32-kDa subunit of replication protein A (RPA) is phosphorylated during the S phase of the cell cycle in vivo and during simian virus 40 DNA replication in vitro. To explore the functional significance of this modification, we purified a HeLa cell protein kinase that phosphorylates RPA in the presence of single-str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brush GS,Anderson CW,Kelly TJ

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In 100 primary colorectal carcinomas, we demonstrate by array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) that 33% show DNA copy number (DCN) loss involving PARK2, the gene encoding PARKIN, the E3 ubiquitin ligase whose deficiency is responsible for a form of autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism. PARK2 is located on...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Poulogiannis G,McIntyre RE,Dimitriadi M,Apps JR,Wilson CH,Ichimura K,Luo F,Cantley LC,Wyllie AH,Adams DJ,Arends MJ

更新日期：2010-08-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonribosomal peptides and polyketides are a diverse group of natural products with complex chemical structures and enormous pharmaceutical potential. They are synthesized on modular nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) enzyme complexes by a conserved thiotemplate mechanism. Here, we rep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang H,Fewer DP,Holm L,Rouhiainen L,Sivonen K

更新日期：2014-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Multituberculates were the longest-lived order of the Class Mammalia and, during the Mesozoic and early Cenozoic, were among the most diverse and abundant representatives of the class. However, until the recent discovery of two Cretaceous teeth, one from South America and one from Africa, they were known only from nor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krause DW,Bonaparte JF

更新日期：1993-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression can lead to cancer initiation and progression. However, limited information exists on the function of miRNAs in cancer maintenance. We examined these issues in the case of myeloproliferative diseases and neoplasms (MPN), a collection of hematopoietic neoplasms regarded as pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guo S,Bai H,Megyola CM,Halene S,Krause DS,Scadden DT,Lu J

更新日期：2012-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The neu gene is distantly related to the erbB gene and encodes a cell surface protein that appears to function as a growth factor receptor. To study the mechanisms that caused the conversion of the normal neu gene to an oncogenic allele, we have isolated molecular clones of the neu oncogene as well as a clone of the c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hung MC,Schechter AL,Chevray PY,Stern DF,Weinberg RA

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low phosphate (Pi) availability constrains plant development and seed production in both natural and agricultural ecosystems. When Pi is scarce, modifications of root system architecture (RSA) enhance the soil exploration ability of the plant and lead to an increase in Pi uptake. In Arabidopsis, an iron-dependent mech...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mora-Macías J,Ojeda-Rivera JO,Gutiérrez-Alanís D,Yong-Villalobos L,Oropeza-Aburto A,Raya-González J,Jiménez-Domínguez G,Chávez-Calvillo G,Rellán-Álvarez R,Herrera-Estrella L

更新日期：2017-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A polypeptide was isolated from acid extracts of porcine hypothalami on the basis of its high ability to stimulate the release of corticotropin from superfused rat pituitary cells. After an initial separation by gel filtration on Sephadex G-25, further purification was carried out by reversed-phase HPLC. The isolated ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Patthy M,Horvath J,Mason-Garcia M,Szoke B,Schlesinger DH,Schally AV

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms that regulate insulin secretion were investigated using capacitance measurements of exocytosis in single beta cells maintained in tissue culture. Exocytosis was stimulated by voltage-clamp depolarizations to activate the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels that mediate Ca2+ influx into the beta cell. Under ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ammälä C,Eliasson L,Bokvist K,Berggren PO,Honkanen RE,Sjöholm A,Rorsman P

更新日期：1994-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:We show that a drop of liquid a few hundred microns in diameter placed under a solid, elastic, thin film (∼10 μm thick) causes it to bulge by tens of microns. The deformed shape is governed by equilibrium of tensions exerted by the various interfaces and the solid film, a form of Neumann's triangle. Unlike Young's equ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nadermann N,Hui CY,Jagota A

更新日期：2013-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Seven morphologically nontransformed (flat) revertants with reduced tumorigenicity in vivo have been isolated from populations of Kirsten sarcoma virus-transformed NIH 3T3 cells transfected with a cDNA expression library of normal human fibroblasts. Each revertant harbors 1-10 recombinant plasmids per cell and retains...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Noda M,Kitayama H,Matsuzaki T,Sugimoto Y,Okayama H,Bassin RH,Ikawa Y

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00