Trigger loop dynamics mediate the balance between the transcriptional fidelity and speed of RNA polymerase II.

abstract：:Herpesviruses are dsDNA viruses, but their virions may additionally contain RNAs that can be transduced to recipient cells. The biological functions of herpes virion RNA species are unknown. Here we address this issue for EBV, a widespread human herpesvirus with oncogenic potential. We show that EBV-derived particles ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jochum S,Ruiss R,Moosmann A,Hammerschmidt W,Zeidler R

更新日期：2012-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Prenatal stress exposure is associated with risk for psychiatric disorders later in life. This may be mediated in part via enhanced exposure to glucocorticoids (GCs), which are known to impact neurogenesis. We aimed to identify molecular mediators of these effects, focusing on long-lasting epigenetic changes. In a hum...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Provençal N,Arloth J,Cattaneo A,Anacker C,Cattane N,Wiechmann T,Röh S,Ködel M,Klengel T,Czamara D,Müller NS,Lahti J,PREDO team.,Räikkönen K,Pariante CM,Binder EB

更新日期：2020-09-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenovirus (Ad) vectors have been extensively used to deliver recombinant genes to a great variety of cell types in vitro and in vivo. Ad-based vectors are available that replace the Ad early region 1 (E1) with recombinant foreign genes. The resultant E1-deleted vectors can then be propagated on 293 cells, a human emb...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Amalfitano A,Begy CR,Chamberlain JS

更新日期：1996-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic analysis of Parkinson disease (PD) has identified several genes whose mutation causes inherited parkinsonism, as well as risk loci for sporadic PD. PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and parkin, linked to autosomal recessive PD, act in a common genetic pathway regulating the autophagic degradation of mitochondria, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ivatt RM,Sanchez-Martinez A,Godena VK,Brown S,Ziviani E,Whitworth AJ

更新日期：2014-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple biological processes involve the stretching of nucleic acids (NAs). Stretching forces induce local changes in the molecule structure, inhibiting or promoting the binding of proteins, which ultimately affects their functionality. Understanding how a force induces changes in the structure of NAs at the atomic l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Marin-Gonzalez A,Vilhena JG,Perez R,Moreno-Herrero F

更新日期：2017-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleus accumbens (NAc) regulates motivated behavior by, in part, processing excitatory synaptic projections from several brain regions. Among these regions, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and basolateral amygdala, convey executive control and affective states, respectively. Whereas glutamatergic synaptic transmissio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Suska A,Lee BR,Huang YH,Dong Y,Schlüter OM

更新日期：2013-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA molecules perform diverse regulatory functions in natural biological systems, and numerous synthetic RNA-based control devices that integrate sensing and gene-regulatory functions have been demonstrated, predominantly in bacteria and yeast. Despite potential advantages of RNA-based genetic control strategies in cl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen YY,Jensen MC,Smolke CD

更新日期：2010-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the mammalian testis, specialized tight junctions between somatic Sertoli cells create basal and apical polarity within the cells, restrict movement of molecules between cells, and separate the seminiferous epithelium into basal and adluminal compartments. These tight junctions form the basis of the blood-testi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meng J,Holdcraft RW,Shima JE,Griswold MD,Braun RE

更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A 43-kDa peripheral membrane protein is known to copurify with acetylcholine receptor (AcChoR)-rich membranes isolated from the electric organ of Torpedo californica. Immunoelectron microscopy and crosslinking studies have demonstrated that this 43-kDa protein is closely associated with the cytoplasmic domain(s) of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burden SJ

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beta nerve growth factor (NGF), a target-derived protein necessary for survival and development of sympathetic and sensory neurons, can also affect subpopulations of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). Using a blot hybridization assay capable of detecting 10 fg of mRNA, we measured the levels of NGF mRNA in t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shelton DL,Reichardt LF

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clostridium difficile has rapidly emerged as the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrheal disease, with the transcontinental spread of various PCR ribotypes, including 001, 017, 027 and 078. However, the genetic basis for the emergence of C. difficile as a human pathogen is unclear. Whole genome sequencing was...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： He M,Sebaihia M,Lawley TD,Stabler RA,Dawson LF,Martin MJ,Holt KE,Seth-Smith HM,Quail MA,Rance R,Brooks K,Churcher C,Harris D,Bentley SD,Burrows C,Clark L,Corton C,Murray V,Rose G,Thurston S,van Tonder A,Walker D

更新日期：2010-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Balanced genetic polymorphism has been proposed as a source from which to infer population history complementary to that of neutral genetic polymorphism, because genetic polymorphism maintained by balancing selection permits inferences about population size over much longer spans of time. However, empirical data for b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Richman AD,Kohn JR

更新日期：1999-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Optimization of hydride transfer (HT) catalysts to enhance rates and selectivities of (photo)electroreduction reactions could be a crucial component of a sustainable chemical industry. Here, we analyze how ring functionalization of the adsorbed transient intermediate 2-pyridinide (2-PyH-*)-predicted to form in situ fr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu S,Carter EA

更新日期：2019-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies in rodents and nonhuman primates have linked the activity of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors within the hippocampus to animals' performance on memory-related tasks. However, whether these receptors are similarly essential for human memory is still an open question. Here we present evidence suggesting tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grunwald T,Beck H,Lehnertz K,Blümcke I,Pezer N,Kurthen M,Fernández G,Van Roost D,Heinze HJ,Kutas M,Elger CE

更新日期：1999-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Phase separation of multivalent protein and RNA molecules underlies the biogenesis of biomolecular condensates such as membraneless organelles. In vivo, these condensates encompass hundreds of distinct types of molecules that typically organize into multilayered structures supporting the differential partitioning of m...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boeynaems S,Holehouse AS,Weinhardt V,Kovacs D,Van Lindt J,Larabell C,Van Den Bosch L,Das R,Tompa PS,Pappu RV,Gitler AD

更新日期：2019-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute and chronic injuries to the heart result in perturbation of intracellular calcium signaling, which leads to pathological cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has been implicated in the transduction of calcium signals in the heart, but the specific isoforms o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Backs J,Backs T,Neef S,Kreusser MM,Lehmann LH,Patrick DM,Grueter CE,Qi X,Richardson JA,Hill JA,Katus HA,Bassel-Duby R,Maier LS,Olson EN

更新日期：2009-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Maternal deletion of the NESP55 differentially methylated region (DMR) (delNESP55/ASdel3-4(m), delNAS(m)) from the GNAS locus in humans causes autosomal dominant pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib (AD-PHP-Ib(delNASm)), a disorder of proximal tubular parathyroid hormone (PTH) resistance associated with loss of maternal G...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernández-Rebollo E,Maeda A,Reyes M,Turan S,Fröhlich LF,Plagge A,Kelsey G,Jüppner H,Bastepe M

更新日期：2012-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:p21Sdi1 (also known as Cip1 and Waf1), an inhibitor of DNA synthesis cloned from senescent human fibroblasts, is an inhibitor of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) in vitro and is transcriptionally regulated by wild-type p53. In addition, p21Sdi1 has been found to inhibit DNA replication by direct interaction with pro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakanishi M,Adami GR,Robetorye RS,Noda A,Venable SF,Dimitrov D,Pereira-Smith OM,Smith JR

更新日期：1995-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Wild and managed bees are well documented as effective pollinators of global crops of economic importance. However, the contributions by pollinators other than bees have been little explored despite their potential to contribute to crop production and stability in the face of environmental change. Non-bee pollinators ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rader R,Bartomeus I,Garibaldi LA,Garratt MP,Howlett BG,Winfree R,Cunningham SA,Mayfield MM,Arthur AD,Andersson GK,Bommarco R,Brittain C,Carvalheiro LG,Chacoff NP,Entling MH,Foully B,Freitas BM,Gemmill-Herren B,Ghazoul

更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The archaeological record shows that typically human cultural traits emerged at different times, in different parts of the world, and among different hominin taxa. This pattern suggests that their emergence is the outcome of complex and nonlinear evolutionary trajectories, influenced by environmental, demographic, and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： d'Errico F,Banks WE,Warren DL,Sgubin G,van Niekerk K,Henshilwood C,Daniau AL,Sánchez Goñi MF

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Lateral organ distribution at the shoot apical meristem defines specific and robust phyllotaxis patterns that have intrigued biologists and mathematicians for centuries. In silico studies have revealed that this self-organizing process can be recapitulated by modeling the polar transport of the phytohormone auxin. Phy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pinon V,Prasad K,Grigg SP,Sanchez-Perez GF,Scheres B

更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Trypanosoma brucei parasites successfully evade the host immune system by periodically switching the dense coat of variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) at the cell surface. Each parasite expresses VSGs in a monoallelic fashion that is tightly regulated. The consequences of exposing multiple VSGs during an infection, in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Aresta-Branco F,Sanches-Vaz M,Bento F,Rodrigues JA,Figueiredo LM

更新日期：2019-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:After each round of protein biosynthesis, the posttermination complex (PoTC) consisting of a ribosome, mRNA, and tRNA must be disassembled into its components for a new round of translation. Here, we show that a Saccharomyces cerevisiae model PoTC was disassembled by ATP and eukaryotic elongation factor 3 (eEF3). GTP ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kurata S,Nielsen KH,Mitchell SF,Lorsch JR,Kaji A,Kaji H

更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Deuterium oxide, D(2)O, increases the temperature-tolerance of Drosophila pseudoobscura when it is administered to adult flies as a sucrose solution. The effect is very rapidly exerted; it is detected within 10 min after the flies have a brief (10 min) opportunity to drink. This increased resistance to heat-death sure...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pittendrigh CS,Cosbey ES

更新日期：1974-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past 50 y, behavioral experiments have produced a large body of evidence for the existence of a magnetic sense in a wide range of animals. However, the underlying sensory physiology remains poorly understood due to the elusiveness of the magnetosensory structures. Here we present an effective method for isola...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eder SH,Cadiou H,Muhamad A,McNaughton PA,Kirschvink JL,Winklhofer M

更新日期：2012-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:After males of Lasioglossum zephyrum (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) have first been exposed to a conspecific female, the attractiveness of a second female diminishes with increasing genealogical relationship between the two females. The most parsimonious explanation for this is a polygenically controlled female sex pheromo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith BH

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelial barrier disruption is a major cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, the cellular and molecular regulation of intestinal epithelial homeostasis remains largely undefined. Here, we show that the C-type lectin receptor LSECtin (Clec4g) on macrophages is required for protection against dextran sul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang Z,Li Q,Wang X,Jiang X,Zhao D,Lin X,He F,Tang L

更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The human foamy virus (HFV) genome possesses three open reading frames (bel 1, 2, and 3) located between env and the 3' long terminal repeat. By analogy to other human retroviruses this region was selected as the most likely candidate to encode the viral transactivator. Results presented here confirmed this and showed...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rethwilm A,Erlwein O,Baunach G,Maurer B,ter Meulen V

更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myosins play countless critical roles in the cell, each requiring it to be activated at a specific location and time. To control myosin VI with this specificity, we created an optogenetic tool for activating myosin VI by fusing the light-sensitive Avena sativa phototropin1 LOV2 domain to a peptide from Dab2 (LOVDab), ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： French AR,Sosnick TR,Rock RS

更新日期：2017-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:To relate transients of force by single kinesin molecules with the elementary steps of the ATPase cycle, we measured the time to force generation by kinesin after photorelease of ATP from caged ATP. Kinesin-coated beads were trapped by an infrared laser and brought onto microtubules fixed to a coverslip. Tension was a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Higuchi H,Muto E,Inoue Y,Yanagida T

更新日期：1997-04-29 00:00:00