Abstract:
:The present report presents an attempt to define the physiological parameter used to describe "voice tremor" in psychological stress evaluating machines, and to find its sources. This parameter was found to be a low frequency (5-20 Hz) random process which frequency modulates the vocal cord waveform and (independently) affects the frequency range of the third speech formant. The frequency variations in unstressed speakers were found to be the result of forced muscular undulations driven by central nervous signals and not of a passive resonant phenomenon. In this paper various physiological and clinical experiments which lead to the above conclusions are discussed. a) It is shown that induced muscular activity in the vocal tract and vocal cord regions can generate tremor in the voice. b) It is shown that relaxed subjects exhibit significant tremor correlation between spontaneously generated speech and EMG, with the EMG leading the speech tremor. c) Tremor in the electrical activity recorded from muscles overlapping vocal tract area was correlated with third formant demodulated signal and vocal cord demodulated pitch tremor was correlated with first formant demodulated tremor. d) Enhanced tremor was found in Parkinson patients and diminished tremor in patients with some traumatic brain injuries.
journal_name
Biol Cybernjournal_title
Biological cyberneticsauthors
Inbar GF,Eden Gdoi
10.1007/BF00340063subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-12issue
1eissn
0340-1200issn
1432-0770journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A receptive field constitutes a region in the visual field where a visual cell or a visual operator responds to visual stimuli. This paper presents a theory for what types of receptive field profiles can be regarded as natural for an idealized vision system, given a set of structural requirements on the first stages o...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-013-0569-z
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study is concerned with synaptic reorganization in local neuronal networks. Within networks of 30 neurons, an initial disequilibrium in connectivity has to be compensated by reorganization of synapses. Such plasticity is not a genetically determined process, but depends on results of neuronal interaction. Neurobi...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Craik-O'Brien illusion was measured for patterns of negative and positive contrast by a compensation method. The illusion of negative contrast (black teeth on uniform field) was stronger than that of positive one (white teeth). The amount of compensation increased linearly with increasing tooth width, but was nonl...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00364002
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental studies have shown that responses of ventral intraparietal area (VIP) neurons specialize in head movements and the environment near the head. VIP neurons respond to visual, auditory, and tactile stimuli, smooth pursuit eye movements, and passive and active movements of the head. This study demonstrates ma...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-012-0491-9
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Movement of multiple segment limbs requires generation of appropriate joint torques which include terms arising from dynamic interactions among the moving segments as well as from such external forces as gravity. The interaction torques, arising from inertial, centripetal, and Coriolis forces, are not present for sing...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00353957
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We discuss a biophysical model of synaptic plasticity that provides a unified view of the outcomes of synaptic modification protocols, including: (1) prescribed time courses of postsynaptic intracellular Ca(2+) release, (2) postsynaptic voltage clamping with presentation of presynaptic spike trains at various frequenc...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-003-0422-x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article analyzes the question of whether neuroscience allows for mathematical descriptions and whether an interaction between experimental and theoretical neuroscience can be expected to benefit both of them. It is argued that a mathematization of natural phenomena never happens by itself. First, appropriate key ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-014-0609-3
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-004-0522-2
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-015-0670-6
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004220050599
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004220050488
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evoked potential waveforms are generally of a dynamic, transient character. Consequently, their spectral energy distribution cannot be adequately described by time-invariant representations, such as the power density spectrum. Obviously, a spectro-temporal description is needed. Appropriate means for obtaining such de...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00335365
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For over 75 years it has been clear that the number of spikes in a neural response is an important part of the neuronal code. Starting as early as the 1950's with MacKay and McCullough, there has been speculation over whether each spike and its exact time of occurrence carry information. Although it is obvious that th...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00422-009-0321-x
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simulation results of bistable perception due to ambiguous visual stimuli are presented which are obtained with a behavioral nonlinear dynamics model using perception-attention-memory coupling. This model provides an explanation of recent experimental results of Gao et al. (Cogn Process 7:105-112, 2006a) and it suppor...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-010-0388-4
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We offer a hypothesis on the organization of multi-effector motor synergies and illustrate it with the task of force production with a set of fingers. A physical metaphor, a leaking bucket, is analyzed to demonstrate that an inanimate structure can show apparent error compensation among its elements. A neural model is...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-005-0548-0
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vestibuloocular reflex and other oculomotor functions are subserved by populations of neurons operating in parallel. This distributed aspect of the system's organization has been largely ignored in previous block diagram models. Neurons that transmit oculomotor signals, such as those in the vestibular nucleus (VN)...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00204592
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The proposal that rod outer segment length is optimal with respect to photon absorption and noise control is extended and tested in a number of species. We find good agreement with our optimality criterion in duplex retinae where rods act as detectors of one or a few photons, but not in all rod retinae nor in those wh...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00203666
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Goal directed movements, executed by means of a manipulator with various dynamics, were investigated in order to establish to what extent the loading affects the executed movement. The desired movement concept, together with a describing function model for goal directed movements, was applied to parameterize the movem...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00336183
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vision typically has better spatial accuracy and precision than audition and as a result often captures auditory spatial perception when visual and auditory cues are presented together. One determinant of visual capture is the amount of spatial disparity between auditory and visual cues: when disparity is small, visua...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-016-0706-6
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The membrane excitability changes as well as the underlying mechanisms of these changes in a normal and in a systematically paranodally demyelinated nerve fibre have been investigated by paired stimulation during the first 30 ms of the recovery cycle. The ionic current kinetics determining the observed changes in the ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00217663
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The high speed of saccades means that they cannot be guided by visual feedback, so that any saccadic control system must know in advance the correct output signals to fixate a particular retinal position. To investigate neural-net architectures for learning this inverse-kinematics problem we simulated a 4 deg-of-freed...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00196450
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journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00337450
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journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00347638
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00422-008-0290-5
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Models built using mean data can represent only a very small percentage, or none, of the population being modeled, and produce different activity than any member of it. Overcoming this "averaging" pitfall requires measuring, in single individuals in single experiments, all of the system's defining characteristics. We ...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-012-0530-6
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The information transmission properties of single, de-efferented primary muscle-spindle afferents from the hind limb of the cat were investigated. The gastrocnemius medialis muscle was stretched randomly while recording spike trains from several muscle-spindle afferents in the dorsal root. Two classes of input stimuli...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-002-0341-2
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00336982
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural field models have been successfully applied to model diverse brain mechanisms like visual attention, motor control, and memory. Most theoretical and modeling works have focused on the study of the dynamics of such systems under variations in neural connectivity, mainly symmetric connectivity among neurons. Howe...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-012-0544-0
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concepts of pattern dynamics and their adaptation through behavioral information, developed in the context of rhythmic movement coordination, are generalized to describe discrete movements of single components and the coordination of multiple components in discrete movement. In a first step we consider only one sp...
journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00203449
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Biological cybernetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00422-020-00853-7
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00