Abstract：
:Although computer marking of MCQ papers is common practice and is popular because of its accuracy, speed and the fact that detailed statistical analysis can be carried out painlessly, there is still a major role for hand-scoring. A computer and computer time are not always immediately available and some form of data capture (optical mark reading or transfer of responses to punched cards) is a necessary preliminary. The use of a computer is an unnecessary extravagance when: (a) the test is a non-critical class or small-group exam (b) the papers are short (thirty questions or less) or (c) the number of candidates is small (ten or less) (d) detailed statistical analysis is unnecessary. One-from-five MCQs can be marked by hand easily and rapidly. Multiple true/false questions are most easily hand-scored using grid response sheets and some form of stencil overlays prepared from the answer key. For multiple true/false questions the +1, -1, 0 marking system is strongly recommended. Candidates' total scores, the mean score and its standard deviation for the whole group, ranked order and histograms of scores can be obtained with little difficulty. Mean scores and standard deviations for questions take more time to calculate, but when these are available simple indices of discrimination and of internal reliability can be estimated with some extra time and trouble, although examiners may not wish to assess the discriminatory ability of every question. Hand-scoring is of greatest value in non-critical tests when candidate scores are needed rapidly and is particularly useful when combined with full feedback discussion of the MCQ paper.
journal_name
Med Educjournal_title
Medical educationauthors
Anderson Jdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2923.1983.tb01111.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-03-01 00:00:00pages
122-33issue
2eissn
0308-0110issn
1365-2923journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Teaching medical ethics in Manchester within the introductory course of obstetrics and gynaecology is a joint activity with the Centre for Social Ethics and Policy. This interdisciplinary teaching has evolved through lecture sessions with small-group discussions dealing with topics of interest in human reproduction. T...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1990.tb02670.x
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes the results of the project 'Assessment of Undergraduate Medical Education: Re-inventing the Wheel?' funded by the Nuffield Trust. The project was initiated in order to obtain information on current assessment practices in medical schools across the UK, to determine the extent of change as a conse...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2000.0340s1001.x
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The attitudes towards the basic sciences of medical students enrolled in either of 2 different curricula at the University of Utrecht Medical School in The Netherlands were investigated. The purpose of this study was threefold: first, to compare students (beginning clerks) in a conventional and an innovative...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01371.x
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of the epidemiological method in primary health care (PHC) has become an accepted part of the service. The team will utilize community-oriented data in order to assess the health needs of the population, perform continued surveillance of changes in the health of the people served and for service evaluation. Th...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1983.tb01091.x
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Apprenticeship learning is common in medical education, but is often situated in theoretical frameworks which highlight its cognitive but not its social dimension. METHODS:We conducted an ethnographic case study of paediatric residents' learning relationships with their preceptors in a community-based paediatr...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03121.x
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In September 1974 candidates who had taken a computerized patient managment problem examination (CPMP), as part of the certification process in paediatrics required by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, completed a questionnaire designed to elicit their reactions to CPMPs. The results indicated th...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1976.tb01494.x
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether postgraduate students are able to assess the quality of undergraduate medical examinations and to establish whether faculty can use their results to troubleshoot the curriculum in terms of its content and evaluation. SUBJECTS:First and second year family medicine postgraduate students. ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2003.01403.x
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With a diverse language background profile in an Australian medical student population, teaching interventions are necessary for students whose English language proficiency is not adequate for the study of medicine. This paper describes the screening of written and aural English language proficiency in 143 first year ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1997.00674.x
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of the personality of the dentist in the dental treatment of the anxious patient has been recognized for some time. However, there has been little research into the emotional reactions of dental students in similar stressful situations. This investigation, using specific psychological tests, examined th...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1985.tb01135.x
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Multi-source feedback (MSF) enables performance data to be provided to doctors from patients, co-workers and medical colleagues. This study examined the evidence for the validity of MSF instruments for general practice, investigated changes in performance for doctors who participated twice, 5 years apart, an...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03127.x
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten psychiatrists and 15 family doctors were asked to score videotapes of patient-doctor encounters before and after each of two training periods. One period focused on the theory of assessment of doctors' interpersonal skills, while the other was purely practical. Results indicate that after one training session in e...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1990.tb02454.x
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to determine whether Medical Informatics education among house staff is included in the current residency curriculum, and to present ways in which this type of education may be improved. DESIGN:During autumn 1996 a mailed survey was distributed to chief residents of American ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00424.x
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The academic performance of 104 fourth-year medical students was assessed in relation to their sleep habits reported in a questionary and their scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Poorer academic performance was related significantly to later times of waking up in the morning, particularly at we...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1976.tb00432.x
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this paper is to examine similarities and differences between graduating medical students who do and do not match through the National Internship and Resident Matching Programme (NIRMP). Data from graduates of 3- and 4-year undergraduate curricula were examined separately. A two way analysis of variance...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1979.tb01530.x
更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The view, background and motivation of providers of medical education was studied using a structured questionnaire which was sent to all those who organized courses for the Postgraduate Education Allowance in the West of Scotland. Two hundred and twenty-five replies were received from 254 course providers, giving an 8...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1993.tb00300.x
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reviews some of the problems confronting medical education in Spain and some of the steps which have been taken to improve the current situation which is of serious concern to the Government, the Medical Colleges, the University, and the community generally. ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1980.tb02250.x
更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This essay examines the background and implementation of the statutory requirement that each medical graduate in Great Britain must spend a pre-registration year in hospital training before full registration can be effected. It looks briefly at the French and USA 'internship', and then describes the British situation ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1997.tb02589.x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigates (1) the behavioural patterns, performance and attitudes to dentistry and (2) the personality traits, in male and female dental students (n = 219) studying at Cardiff Dental School. The first part deals with the results of a questionnaire investigating aspects of the students' training course, i...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1985.tb01313.x
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine young doctors' views on a number of professional issues including professional regulation, multidisciplinary teamwork, priority setting, clinical autonomy and private practice. METHOD:Postal survey of 545 doctors who graduated from United Kingdom medical schools in 1995. RESULTS:Questionnaires w...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.01011.x
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Portfolios are increasingly advocated in medical education. Qualitative studies have suggested their value in stimulating experiential learning, promoting deep learning and encouraging reflection. This study explored the use of educational portfolios in reflective learning by general practice (GP) registrars...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2004.01737.x
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Each clinical encounter represents an amazing series of psychological events: perceiving the features of the situation; quickly accessing relevant hypotheses; checking for signs and symptoms that confirm or rule out competing hypotheses, and using related knowledge to guide appropriate investigations and treatm...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.2007.02924.x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Avoidable breaches of patient confidentiality due to inadvertence or ignorance occur frequently. The aim of this study was to explore whether participants were able to identify violations of confidentiality and how serious these violations were. DESIGN:After a 2-hour theoretical education session, participa...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02097.x
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Modernization of medical regulation has included the introduction of the Professional Performance Procedures by the UK General Medical Council in 1995. The Council now has the power to assess any registered practitioner whose performance may be seriously deficient, thus calling registration (licensure) into ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a new educational scheme introduced in Malta in 1978, university students spend half of the academic year studying and the other half as workers in various departments. During their work phase, students designed and made working models as teaching aids for the study of physiology. The value of these models was asse...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1984.tb01277.x
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a study of the development of professional attitudes in medical students, a modified version of the Medical Attitudes Inventory (Harris, 1974) was administered to 141 male and female first year medical students in Lagos, Nigeria. The results show that the students have well-defined attitudes on certain issues and a...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1978.tb01417.x
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was conducted to provide in-depth information on the reliabilities of measures of the separate components of clinical competence (e.g. data collection, test interpretation, diagnosis, etc.) assessed by a performance-based examination consisting of standardized-patient cases administered to five class...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1991.tb00071.x
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The General Medical Council has recommended that medical students should gain more experience in general practice. The study set out to determine patients' reactions to consultations conducted by a medical student alone prior to seeing their GP. DESIGN:A random sample of patients attending general practice ...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00410.x
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Medical teachers' understanding of the vocabulary of medical education has been studied by asking a group of medical teachers whether they understood twenty-two commonly used and important medical educational terms, and whether they could distinguish between the terms. All the words presented some problem of comprehen...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2923.1981.tb02640.x
更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:An important part of a doctor's identity is the social position he or she adopts relative to patients. Dialogic theory predicts that medical school discourses influence the positions students incorporate into their professional identities. As this may affect how students later exercise power in doctor-patient r...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/medu.14074
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Information about medical students' lifestyles was obtained from 785 second-year students from seven medical schools in Great Britain by a personally administered questionnaire. Fifteen per cent of the students were non-drinkers. Among those who drank, 48% of the men and 38% of the women exceeded sensible weekly limit...
journal_title：Medical education
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2923.1998.00204.x
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
