Abstract:
:Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of immunoprecipitated human HLA-DR antigens from cells expressing the HLA-DR4 haplotype shows distinct clustering of beta-chain patterns. Six unique electrophoretic variants were observed among 17 HLA-DR4 homozygous cell lines (HCL) analyzed. These patterns correlate precisely with the HLA-D phenotype of the HCL donor as determined by reactivity in mixed lymphocyte culture. All DR4 HCL that belong to one of the well-defined HLA-D antigen groups (Dw4, Dw10, LD "40", LD "DYT", LD "KT2", or LD "TAS") have identical DR beta-chain patterns; DR4 HCL belonging to different HLA-D antigen groups do not. The concordance of the functional expression in mixed lymphocyte culture of a specific D phenotype with a distinct DR beta-chain pattern on gel analysis provides a direct structural basis for understanding the genetic control of HLA-D polymorphisms; HLA-D specificities as revealed by T-cell recognition in mixed lymphocyte culture thus might be accounted for by DR beta-chain polymorphisms. The extent of this beta-chain diversity within a single DR haplotype may aid in understanding variations in Ia-regulated functions, such as Ir gene control and certain disease susceptibilities.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Nepom BS,Nepom GT,Mickelson E,Antonelli P,Hansen JAdoi
10.1073/pnas.80.22.6962subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-11-01 00:00:00pages
6962-6issue
22eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Micro-RNAs (miR genes) are a large family of highly conserved noncoding genes thought to be involved in temporal and tissue-specific gene regulation. MiRs are transcribed as short hairpin precursors ( approximately 70 nt) and are processed into active 21- to 22-nt RNAs by Dicer, a ribonuclease that recognizes target m...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.242606799
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abstract::The kinetics and order of rearrangements in the gene complex encoding T-cell-receptor beta chains were studied by Southern blot hybridization in a collection of hybridomas derived from fetal thymocytes at various stages of ontogeny (day 14 to day 17). Our results show a steady increase in the frequency of rearranged b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.9.2925
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.95.19.11181
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abstract::Accumulating evidence indicates that epigenetic alterations contribute to exacerbated activation or deregulation of the mechanisms that maintain tolerance to self-antigens in patients with lupus, a systemic autoimmune disease that can be triggered by medications taken to treat a variety of conditions. Here, we tested ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0610434104
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.72.4.1594
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-04-12 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2011-12-20 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2013-11-12 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::We previously have identified a subpopulation of contact-insensitive (CS-) cells which lacks density-dependent inhibition of cell division in primary and low-passage cultures of Syrian hamster embryonic (SHE) fibroblastic cells. Further, we have shown that the proportion of these CS- cells declines as a result of the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.15.5005
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genes encoding the variable (V) region of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) are assembled from V, D (diversity), and J (joining) elements through a RAG-mediated recombination process that relies on the recognition of recombination signal sequences (RSSs) flanking the individual elements. Secondary V(D)J rearrangem...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2015-02-03 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-04-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.18.8641
更新日期:1992-09-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-02-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific low-affinity receptors for leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM; gp130), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF; receptor alpha, CNTFR alpha) may be utilized in various combinations to generate high-affinity binding sites and signal transduction. We have tested the ability of combinations of the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.3.1119
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2010-02-16 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1994-10-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0706825105
更新日期:2008-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Single-stranded (ss) RNA viruses infect all domains of life. To date, for most ssRNA virions, only the structures of the capsids and their associated protein components have been resolved to high resolution. Qβ, an ssRNA phage specific for the conjugative F-pilus, has a T = 3 icosahedral lattice of coat proteins assem...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::In an investigation to determine how proteins are localized within the nucleus of a cell, we demonstrate that the restriction endonuclease EcoRI is able to enter and function within the nucleus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae when this prokaryotic protein is synthesized in vivo. The EcoRI endonuclease was produced in yeas...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.5.1354
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Loss of the tumor suppressor, PTEN, is one of the most common findings in prostate cancer (PCa). This loss leads to overactive Akt signaling, which is correlated with increased metastasis and androgen independence. However, another tumor suppressor, inositol-polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type II (INPP4B), can partially ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of variations in the concentrations or structures of biomolecules (e.g., mRNAs, proteins, peptides, natural products) that occur either naturally or in response to environmental or genetic perturbations can provide important insight into complex biological processes. Many biological samples are mixtures that ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.10.5372
更新日期:1999-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::The central role of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in cell cycle regulation makes them a promising target for studying inhibitory molecules that can modify the degree of cell proliferation. The discovery of specific inhibitors of CDKs such as polyhydroxylated flavones has opened the way to investigation and design of...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1996-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::Ca(2+) is essential for physiological depolarization-evoked synchronous neurotransmitter release. But, whether Ca(2+) influx or another factor controls release initiation is still under debate. The time course of ACh release is controlled by a presynaptic inhibitory G protein-coupled autoreceptor (GPCR), whose agonist...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2008-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Although a number of studies have highlighted the importance of offline processes for memory, how these mechanisms influence future learning remains unknown. Participants with established memories for a set of initial face-object associations were scanned during passive rest and during encoding of new related and unre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::The virulent properties of the common human and livestock pathogen Clostridium perfringens are attributable to a formidable battery of toxins. Among these are a number of large and highly modular carbohydrate-active enzymes, including the mu-toxin and sialidases, whose catalytic properties are consistent with degradat...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0803154105
更新日期:2008-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::The structure of DNA toroids made of individual DNA molecules of various lengths (3,000 to 55,000 bp) was studied, by using partially filled bacteriophage capsids in conjunction with cryoelectron microscopy. The tetravalent cation spermine was diffused through the capsid to condense the DNA under conditions that were ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0901240106
更新日期:2009-06-09 00:00:00