Effects of methylation on a synthetic polynucleotide: the B--Z transition in poly(dG-m5dC).poly(dG-m5dC).

abstract：:In many cell-signaling pathways, information is transmitted by the diffusion of messenger molecules. Diffusion coefficients characterize the messenger's spatial range and the characteristic times of signal propagation. Inside cells, particles usually diffuse in the presence of immobile binding sites (or traps). It is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pando B,Dawson SP,Mak DO,Pearson JE

更新日期：2006-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The remarkable capacity of the adult olfactory epithelium (OE) to regenerate fully both neurosensory and nonneuronal cell types after severe epithelial injury depends on life-long persistence of two stem cell populations: the horizontal basal cells (HBCs), which are quiescent and held in reserve, and mitotically activ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Herrick DB,Lin B,Peterson J,Schnittke N,Schwob JE

更新日期：2017-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcripts from mitochondrial (maxicircle) genes of kinetoplastid organisms undergo RNA editing characterized by a series of reactions that insert and delete uridine nucleotides within the sequence of the pre-mRNAs. Guide RNAs, which complement fully edited mRNAs, provide the information for the edited sequence by an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Göringer HU,Koslowsky DJ,Morales TH,Stuart K

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans choose actions based on both habit and planning. Habitual control is computationally frugal but adapts slowly to novel circumstances, whereas planning is computationally expensive but can adapt swiftly. Current research emphasizes the competition between habits and plans for behavioral control, yet many complex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cushman F,Morris A

更新日期：2015-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the importance of tryptophan (Trp) radicals in biology, very few radicals have been trapped and characterized in a physiologically meaningful context. Here we demonstrate that the diheme enzyme MauG uses Trp radical chemistry to catalyze formation of a Trp-derived tryptophan tryptophylquinone cofactor on its s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yukl ET,Liu F,Krzystek J,Shin S,Jensen LM,Davidson VL,Wilmot CM,Liu A

更新日期：2013-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Multituberculates were the longest-lived order of the Class Mammalia and, during the Mesozoic and early Cenozoic, were among the most diverse and abundant representatives of the class. However, until the recent discovery of two Cretaceous teeth, one from South America and one from Africa, they were known only from nor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krause DW,Bonaparte JF

更新日期：1993-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Beneficial mutations are the driving force of adaptive evolution. In asexual populations, the identification of beneficial alleles is confounded by the presence of genetically linked hitchhiker mutations. Parallel evolution experiments enable the recognition of common targets of selection; yet these targets are inhere...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buskirk SW,Peace RE,Lang GI

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms regulating clonal expansion and contraction of T cells in response to immunization remain to be identified. A recent study established that there was a log-linear relation between CD4 T-cell precursor number (PN) and factor of expansion (FE), with a slope of ∼-0.5 over a range of 3-30,000 precursors per...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bocharov G,Quiel J,Luzyanina T,Alon H,Chiglintsev E,Chereshnev V,Meier-Schellersheim M,Paul WE,Grossman Z

更新日期：2011-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Using direct percussion, language-competent bonobo-chimpanzees Kanzi and Pan-Banisha produced a significantly wider variety of flint tool types than hitherto reported, and used them task-specifically to break wooden logs or to dig underground for food retrieval. For log breaking, small flakes were rotated drill-like o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roffman I,Savage-Rumbaugh S,Rubert-Pugh E,Ronen A,Nevo E

更新日期：2012-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A 105-kilobase bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone from the ovate-containing region of tomato chromosome 2 was sequenced and annotated. The tomato BAC sequence was then compared, gene by gene, with the sequenced portions of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome. Rather than matching a single portion of the Arabidops...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ku HM,Vision T,Liu J,Tanksley SD

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The density of benzodiazepine/gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor binding sites was lower in the midbrain of seizure-susceptible gerbils compared to control seizure-resistant gerbils. Binding of [3H]diazepam to high-affinity brain-specific sites in membrane homogenates of gerbil brain showed a 20-30% lower binding in mid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Olsen RW,Wamsley JK,McCabe RT,Lee RJ,Lomax P

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There exists a properly embedded minimal surface of genus one with a single end asymptotic to the end of the helicoid. This genus-one helicoid is constructed as the limit of a continuous one-parameter family of screw-motion invariant minimal surfaces, also asymptotic to the helicoid, that have genus equal to one in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weber M,Hoffman D,Wolf M

更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Our main goal is to analyze the geometric and spectral properties of the Picard modular group with Gaussian integer entries acting on the two-dimensional complex hyperbolic space. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Francsics G,Lax PD

更新日期：2006-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphoinositides are essential lipid regulators of trafficking and signaling pathways of all eukaryotic cells. Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) is an intermediate in the synthesis of several important phosphoinositide species but also serves as a regulatory molecule in its own right. Phosphatidylinositol 4...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Szentpetery Z,Várnai P,Balla T

更新日期：2010-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The osteopontin (Opn) glycoprotein has been implicated in diverse physiological processes, including vascularization, bone formation, and inflammatory responses. Studies of its role in immune responses has suggested that Opn can set the early stage of type-1 immune (cell-mediated) responses through differential regula...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shinohara ML,Jansson M,Hwang ES,Werneck MB,Glimcher LH,Cantor H

更新日期：2005-11-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Lines containing two third-chromosome inversions (Arrowhead and Pikes Peak) of Drosophila pseudoobscura selected for fast and slow mating speed were crossed to a multichromosomal, dominant marker inversion stock, and strains with various combinations of chromosomal derivation were tested for their mating activity. Whe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sherwin RN,Spiess EB

更新日期：1973-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aptamers recognize their targets with extraordinary affinity and specificity. The aptamer-based therapeutic, Macugen, is derived from a modified 2'fluoro pyrimidine RNA inhibitor to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and is now being used to treat the wet form of age-related macular degeneration. This VEGF(165)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee JH,Canny MD,De Erkenez A,Krilleke D,Ng YS,Shima DT,Pardi A,Jucker F

更新日期：2005-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Complete sequences for the intergenic regions of the genome of human respiratory syncytial virus were obtained by dideoxynucleotide sequencing using synthetic oligonucleotides. These experiments established that the 10 respiratory syncytial viral genes are arranged, without additional intervening genes, in the order 3...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Collins PL,Dickens LE,Buckler-White A,Olmsted RA,Spriggs MK,Camargo E,Coelingh KV

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have identified a protein present only in erythroid cells that binds to two adjacent sites within an enhancer region of the chicken beta-globin locus. Mutation of the sites, so that binding by the factor can no longer be detected in vitro, leads to a loss of enhancing ability, assayed by transient expression in pri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Evans T,Reitman M,Felsenfeld G

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin activates sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) in liver, thereby increasing fatty acid and triglyceride synthesis. We created a line of transgenic rats that produce epitope-tagged human SREBP-1c in liver under control of the constitutive apolipoprotein E promoter/enhancer. This system allows...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Owen JL,Zhang Y,Bae SH,Farooqi MS,Liang G,Hammer RE,Goldstein JL,Brown MS

更新日期：2012-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The rat brain increases >6x in mass from birth to adulthood, presumably through the addition of glial cells and increasing neuronal size, without the addition of neurons. To test this hypothesis, here we investigate quantitatively the postnatal changes in the total number of neuronal and non-neuronal cells in the deve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bandeira F,Lent R,Herculano-Houzel S

更新日期：2009-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The phosphorylation of H2Ax on its S139 site, γH2Ax, is important during DNA double-strand repair and is considered necessary for assembly of repair complexes, but its functional role after other kinds of DNA damage is less clear. We have measured the survival of isogenic mouse cell lines with the H2Ax gene knocked ou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Revet I,Feeney L,Bruguera S,Wilson W,Dong TK,Oh DH,Dankort D,Cleaver JE

更新日期：2011-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:[3H]Thymidine-labeled progeny DNA was isolated after infection of Escherichia coli with two different bacteriophage T4 mutants. These strands were isolated shortly after the initiation of DNA replication and hybridized to 15 different (EcoRI) T4 restriction fragments cloned in plasmid vectors. Uniformly labeled T4 [32...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Halpern ME,Mattson T,Kozinski AW

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:rap1/Krev-1 is a p21ras-related GTP-binding protein that has been implicated in the reversion of the ras-transformed cell phenotype. We have identified a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) specific for rap in plasma membranes isolated from differentiated HL60 cells. The rap GAP activity remained quantitatively associated...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Polakis PG,Rubinfeld B,Evans T,McCormick F

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant cells sense environmental nitrogen levels and alter their gene expression accordingly to survive; however, the underlying regulatory mechanisms still remains to be elucidated. Here, we identified and characterized a transcription factor that is responsible for expression of nitrogen assimilation genes in a unice...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Imamura S,Kanesaki Y,Ohnuma M,Inouye T,Sekine Y,Fujiwara T,Kuroiwa T,Tanaka K

更新日期：2009-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Dictyostelium actin was shown to become phosphorylated on Tyr-53 late in the developmental cycle and when cells in the amoeboid stage are subjected to stress but the phosphorylated actin had not been purified and characterized. We have separated phosphorylated and unphosphorylated actin and shown that Tyr-53 phosphory...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu X,Shu S,Hong MS,Levine RL,Korn ED

更新日期：2006-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper studies the cathodic corrosion of a spherical single crystal of platinum in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte, to map out the detailed facet dependence of the corrosion structures forming during this still largely unexplored electrochemical phenomenon. We find that anisotropic corrosion of the platinum electr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arulmozhi N,Hersbach TJP,Koper MTM

更新日期：2020-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Single crystal diamond produced by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at very high growth rates (up to 150 microm/h) has been successfully annealed without graphitization at temperatures up to 2200 degrees C and pressures <300 torr. Crystals were annealed in a hydrogen environment by using microwave plasma techniques for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meng YF,Yan CS,Lai J,Krasnicki S,Shu H,Yu T,Liang Q,Mao HK,Hemley RJ

更新日期：2008-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulfoquinovose (SQ; 6-deoxy-6-sulfoglucose) is the polar head group of the plant sulfolipid SQ-diacylglycerol, and SQ comprises a major proportion of the organosulfur in nature, where it is degraded by bacteria. A first degradation pathway for SQ has been demonstrated recently, a "sulfoglycolytic" pathway, in addition...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Felux AK,Spiteller D,Klebensberger J,Schleheck D

更新日期：2015-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Phosphatase PP2A expression levels are positively correlated to the clinical severity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and IL17A cytokine overproduction, indicating a potential role of PP2A in controlling TH17 differentiation and inflammation. By generating a mouse strain with ablation of the catalytic subunit α ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu Q,Jin X,Zheng M,Rohila D,Fu G,Wen Z,Lou J,Wu S,Sloan R,Wang L,Hu H,Gao X,Lu L

更新日期：2019-01-15 00:00:00