Abstract:
:The reversible binding of the haptens 2,4-dinitrophenyllysine (DNP-lysine) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyllysine (TNP-lysine) to either the nitrophenyl-binding myeloma protein MOPC-315 or to pooled mouse anti-DNP or anti-TNP antibodies produces large and characteristic extrinsic Cotton effects (in the circular dichroic spectra). Despite the similarities in binding characteristics of the three proteins, the circular dichroic spectra produced by the haptens bound to the active sites of these proteins were markedly different. Extrinsic Cotton effects, therefore, provide a powerful new probe of the structure of the reversible complex formed between a hapten and an antibody active site.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Glaser M,Singer SJdoi
10.1073/pnas.68.10.2477subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1971-10-01 00:00:00pages
2477-9issue
10eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A number of extracellular stimuli, including soluble cytokines and insoluble matrix factors, are known to influence murine embryonic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation behavioral responses via intracellular signaling pathways, but their net effects in combination are difficult to understand. To gain insight co...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0308768101
更新日期:2004-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The synthetic, biologically active, [Phe4Val6] analog of natural antamanide has been crystallized from a solution containing calcium nitrate, acetone, and acetonitrile. The crystal does not contain any Ca2+ ions but does contain 12 water molecules per peptide molecule. The conformation of this dodecahydrate is identic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.7.2602
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rat insulin-like growth factor II gene, encoding a fetal somatomedin, expresses a multitranscript family in embryonic/fetal tissues and in the adult brain and spinal cord. By performing in situ hybridization on tissue sections of adult brain and spinal cord, we have found that these transcripts are not expressed i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.1.141
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the ability of macrophages and B cells to function as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) for murine TH1 and TH2 cloned T helper cell lines. Antigen presented by concanavalin A-elicited peritoneal macrophages or resting splenic B cells stimulated antigen-dependent proliferation of both T helper subsets. Parafo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.21.8181
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A density-shift method is described for analyzing insulin receptor synthesis and turnover in cultured cells labeled with "heavy" amino acids (2H, 13C, and 15N). Solubilized newly synthesized heavy and old "light" receptors are separated by isopycnic banding on CsCl gradients and then quantitated. Insulin receptor synt...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.1.285
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In preeclampsia (PE), cytotrophoblast (CTB) invasion of the uterus and spiral arteries is often shallow. Thus, the placenta's role has been a focus. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that decidual defects are an important determinant of the placental phenotype. We isolated human endometrial stromal cells from no...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1706546114
更新日期:2017-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Although the first observations of the inhibitory effect of methylation on gene activity were made almost a decade ago, the mechanism by which methyl groups affect transcription is still obscure. Here we use engineered promoters methylated in vitro in transient transfections to study the mechanism by which methylation...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.21.10119
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::These experiments investigate the capacity of thalamic and cortical structures in a sensory system to process information of a modality normally associated with another system. Retinal ganglion cells in newborn Syrian hamsters were made to project permanently to the main thalamic somatosensory (ventrobasal) nucleus. W...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.1.357
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesencephalic dopamine neurons from the embryonic mouse brain were dissociated, aggregated in vitro in the presence of dissociated cells from appropriate or inappropriate target neuron areas, and visualized by the Falck-Hillarp histofluorescence technique after exposure to 1 microM exogenous dopamine. When aggregated ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.2.1264
更新日期:1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective therapeutics for nuclear receptors would revolutionize treatment for endocrine disease. Specific control of nuclear receptor activity is challenging because the internal cavities that bind hormones can be virtually identical. Only one highly selective hormone analog is known for the thyroid receptor, GC-24, ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2136689100
更新日期:2003-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play central roles in almost all physiological functions; mutations in GPCRs are responsible for more than 30 disorders. There is a great deal of information about GPCR structure but little information that directly relates structure to protein trafficking or to activation. The gona...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0914261107
更新日期:2010-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The crystal structure of a recombinant alphaEC domain from human fibrinogen-420 has been determined at a resolution of 2.1 A. The protein, which corresponds to the carboxyl domain of the alphaE chain, was expressed in and purified from Pichia pastoris cells. Felicitously, during crystallization an amino-terminal segme...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.16.9099
更新日期:1998-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::By manufacturing a single-particle system in two particulate forms (i.e., micrometer size and nanometer size), we have designed a bacterial vaccine form that exhibits improved efficacy of immunization. Microstructural properties are adapted to alter dispersive and aerosol properties independently. Dried "nanomicropart...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0800043105
更新日期:2008-03-25 00:00:00
abstract::Transmembrane (TM) domains of integral membrane proteins are generally thought to be helical. However, a Gly-Pro sequence within the TM domain of the insulin receptor is predicted to act as a helix breaker. CD analyses of model TM peptides in a lipid-like environment show that substitution of Gly and Pro by Ala enhanc...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.12.5762
更新日期:1993-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Erythroid cells which are homogeneous with regard to stage of maturation are naturally available from the circulation of chick embryos at various times of development. This provides a convenient system for examining the changes in plasma membrane protein composition during red cell maturation. Plasma membranes are iso...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.3.1062
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular mechanisms by which transcription is selectively activated and precisely controlled by signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) factors represent a central issue in cytokine-mediated cellular responses. Stat6 mediates responses to IL-4 and antagonizes Stat1 activated by IFN-gamma. We have ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0506981103
更新日期:2006-03-14 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65 is one of the major pancreatic antigens targeted by self-reactive T cells in type I diabetes mellitus. T cells specific for GAD65 are among the first to enter inflamed islets and may be important for the initiation of autoimmune diabetes. However, we previously reported that nonobe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0405500101
更新日期:2004-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past decade, seafood mislabeling has been increasingly documented, raising public concern over the identity, safety, and sustainability of seafood. Negative outcomes from seafood mislabeling are suspected to be substantial and pervasive as seafood is the world's most highly traded food commodity. Here we prov...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2003741117
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural network function requires an appropriate balance of excitation and inhibition to be maintained by homeostatic plasticity. However, little is known about homeostatic mechanisms in the intact central brain in vivo. Here, we study homeostatic plasticity in the Drosophila mushroom body, where Kenyon cells receive f...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1921294117
更新日期:2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Enhancing immune responses with immune-modulatory monoclonal antibodies directed to inhibitory immune receptors is a promising modality in cancer therapy. Clinical efficacy has been demonstrated with antibodies blocking inhibitory immune checkpoints such as cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) or PD-1/...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1417320112
更新日期:2015-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the CB2 receptor is apparently an endogenous protective mechanism. Thus, it restrains inflammation and protects the skeleton against age-related bone loss. However, the endogenous cannabinoids, as well as Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, the main plant psychoactive constituent, activate both cannabinoid recept...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1503395112
更新日期:2015-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::A 10-aa motif in transmembrane helix 1 of diphtheria toxin that is conserved in anthrax edema factor, anthrax lethal factor, and botulinum neurotoxin serotypes A, C, and D was identified by blast, clustal w, and meme computational analysis. Using the diphtheria toxin-related fusion protein toxin DAB(389)IL-2, we demon...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0504937102
更新日期:2005-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular basis of bacterial cell morphogenesis remains largely an open question. Here we discover a morphogenic protein, RodZ, which is widely conserved across the bacterial kingdom. In Caulobacter crescentus, RodZ is essential for viability and is involved in all aspects of this organism's complex morphology. De...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0810794106
更新日期:2009-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multigenic autoimmune disease, and the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II polymorphism serves as a key genetic element. In SLE-prone (NZB x NZW)F(1) mice, the MHC H-2(d/z) heterozygosity (H-2(d) of NZB and H-2(z) of NZW) has a strong impact on disease; thus, congeni...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0405807101
更新日期:2004-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::Computational and biochemical studies implicate the blue-light sensor cryptochrome (CRY) as an endogenous light-dependent magnetosensor enabling migratory birds to navigate using the Earth's magnetic field. Validation of such a mechanism has been hampered by the absence of structures of vertebrate CRYs that have funct...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1907875116
更新日期:2019-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::The absorption spectrum of an activesite specific chromophoric acyl enzyme, sturgeon beta-(2-furyl)-acryloyl-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, is reported. This acyl enzyme undergoes all of the catalyzed reactions characteristic of the intermediate of the physiological acyl enzyme, 3-phospho-D-glyceroyl-glycer...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.7.2077
更新日期:1973-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies were used to isolate nonneutralizable antigenic variants in the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein of Newcastle disease virus. It had been found that a large percentage of virus retains infectivity despite binding neutralizing antibody. This high persistent fraction of nonneutralized virus ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.20.7106
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lack of genetic means has been a serious limitation in studying mosquito immunity. We generated Relish-mediated immune deficiency (RMID) by transforming Aedes aegypti with the Delta Rel transgene driven by the vitellogenin (Vg) promoter using the pBac[3xP3-EGFP, afm] vector. A stable transformed line had a single ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0537347100
更新日期:2003-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::In Escherichia coli, AK I- HDH I and AK II- HDH II are two bifunctional proteins, derived from a common ancestor, that catalyze the first and third reactions of the common pathway leading to threonine and methionine. An extensive amino acid sequence comparison of both molecules reveals two main features on each of the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.10.3019
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) is viewed as the hallmark of a Th2 lymphocyte, whereas the subsequent action of IL-4 and IL-13, mediated through the STAT6 signaling pathway, is seen as a prerequisite for the full development of Th2 immune responses to parasites and allergens. G4 mice, whose IL-4 gene locus cont...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0806372105
更新日期:2008-08-26 00:00:00